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a closed sac that develops abnormally in some body structure

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胞嚢(ほうのう)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/02/12 13:48:25」(JST)

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A nabothian cyst (or nabothian follicle)^[1] is a mucus-filled cyst on the surface of the cervix. They are most often caused when stratified squamous epithelium of the ectocervix (toward the vagina) grows over the simple columnar epithelium of the endocervix (toward the uterus). This tissue growth can block the cervical crypts (subdermal pockets usually 2-10 mm in diameter), trapping cervical mucus inside the crypts. The transformation of tissue types is called metaplasia.

Presentation

Nabothian cysts appear most often as firm bumps on the cervix's surface. A woman may notice the cyst when inserting a diaphragm or cervical cap, or when checking the cervix as part of fertility awareness.^[2] A health care provider may notice the cysts during a pelvic exam.

Prognosis, treatment, and associated conditions

Nabothian cysts are considered harmless and usually disappear on their own,^[2] although some will persist indefinitely.^{[citation needed]} Some women notice they appear and disappear in relation to their menstrual cycle. If a woman is not sure the anomaly she has found on her cervix is a nabothian cyst, a visit to a doctor is recommended to rule out other conditions.^[2]

Rarely, nabothian cysts have a correlation with chronic cervicitis, an inflammatory infection of the cervix.

Nabothian cysts are not considered problematic unless they grow very large and present secondary symptoms. A physician may wish to perform a colposcopy or biopsy on a nabothian cyst to check for cancer or other problems. Two methods for removing these cysts include electrocautery and cryofreezing, although new cysts may form after the procedure.

Eponym

Nabothian cysts are also known as nabothian follicles, mucinous retention cysts, or epithelial inclusion cysts. They are named after German anatomist Martin Naboth (1675-1721), who wrote about them in a 1707 treatise titled De sterilitate mulierum. However, they were earlier described by French surgeon Guillaume Desnoues (1650-1735).^[3] Since it is a derived term, nabothian is not spelled with a capital first letter.

References

^ "Dorlands Medical Dictionary:nabothian follicles". http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/three/000041439.htm#000041439.
^ ^a ^b ^c Weschler, Toni (2002). Taking Charge of Your Fertility (Revised Edition ed.). New York: HarperCollins. pp. 227–228,330. ISBN 0-06-093764-5.
^ "Nabothian Cysts". Who Named It?. 2007. http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/3789.html. Retrieved 2007-06-22.

External links

00501 at CHORUS
Histology at ttuhsc.edu

UpToDate Contents

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1. 子宮頸部の先天性奇形および子宮頸部良性病変 congenital cervical anomalies and benign cervical lesions
2. コルポスコピー colposcopy
3. 急性子宮頚管炎 acute cervicitis
4. 浸潤子宮頸癌：疫学、危険因子、臨床症状、および診断 invasive cervical cancer epidemiology risk factors clinical manifestations and diagnosis
5. 子宮頸癌スクリーニング検査：子宮頸部細胞診およびヒトパピローマウイルス検査の技術
および検査特性 cervical cancer screening tests techniques and test characteristics of cervical cytology and human papillomavirus testing

English Journal

Cervical Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosed by Point-of-Care Emergency Department Ultrasound.

Modayil V, Ash A, Raio C.SourceDepartment of Emergency Medicine, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York.
The Journal of emergency medicine.J Emerg Med.2011 Aug 3. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Although rare, cervical ectopic pregnancy (EP) represents a potentially lethal variation of a common first-trimester disease entity.CASE REPORT: We report a case of low abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding diagnosed as a cervical EP by point-of-care ultrasound.CONCLUSION: Familiarity with
PMID 21820259

Preoperative Differential Diagnosis of Minimal Deviation Adenocarcinoma and Lobular Endocervical Glandular Hyperplasia of the Uterine Cervix: A Multicenter Study of Clinicopathology and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings.

Takatsu A, Shiozawa T, Miyamoto T, Kurosawa K, Kashima H, Yamada T, Kaku T, Mikami Y, Kiyokawa T, Tsuda H, Ishii K, Togashi K, Koyama T, Fujinaga Y, Kadoya M, Hashi A, Susumu N, Konishi I.Source*Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi, Matsumoto; †Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka; ‡Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto; §Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba; ∥Clinical Laboratory Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo; ¶Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Okaya City Hospital, Okaya; #Department of Radiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto; **Department of Radiology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka; ††Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine,Asahi, Matsumoto; ‡‡Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University Corporation University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi; §§Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo; and ∥∥Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society.Int J Gynecol Cancer.2011 Jun 16. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE: To clarify the preoperative differential diagnosis and management of minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA) and lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia (LEGH), a multicenter study was performed.METHODS: A total of 112 patients who underwent conization or a hysterectomy for suspected MD
PMID 21685796