WordNet

very thin and insubstantial; "thin paper"; "light summer dresses"
make lighter or brighter; "This lamp lightens the room a bit" (同)illume, illumine, light_up, illuminate
a condition of spiritual awareness; divine illumination; "follow Gods light" (同)illumination
having abundant light or illumination; "they played as long as it was light"; "as long as the lighting was good" (同)lighting
(physics) electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation; "the light was filtered through a soft glass window" (同)visible_light, visible_radiation
any device serving as a source of illumination; "he stopped the car and turned off the lights" (同)light_source
the visual effect of illumination on objects or scenes as created in pictures; "he could paint the lightest light and the darkest dark" (同)lightness
a particular perspective or aspect of a situation; "although he saw it in a different light, he still did not understand"
a person regarded very fondly; "the light of my life"
a visual warning signal; "they saw the light of the beacon"; "there was a light at every corner"
an illuminated area; "he stepped into the light"
mental understanding as an enlightening experience; "he finally saw the light"; "can you shed light on this problem?"
public awareness; "it brought the scandal to light"
(used of color) having a relatively small amount of coloring agent; "light blue"; "light colors such as pastels"; "a light-colored powder" (同)light-colored
moving easily and quickly; nimble; "the dancer was light and graceful"; "a lightsome buoyant step"; "walked with a light tripping step" (同)lightsome, tripping
having relatively few calories; "diet cola"; "light (or lite) beer"; "lite (or light) mayonnaise"; "a low-cal diet" (同)lite, low-cal, calorie-free
less than the correct or legal or full amount often deliberately so; "a light pound"; "a scant cup of sugar"; "regularly gives short weight" (同)scant, short
(of sleep) easily disturbed; "in a light doze"; "a light sleeper"; "a restless wakeful night" (同)wakeful
(physics, chemistry) not having atomic weight greater than average; "light water is ordinary water"
(used of soil) loose and large-grained in consistency; "light soil"
characterized by or emitting light; "a room that is light when the shutters are open"; "the inside of the house was airy and light"
demanding little effort; not burdensome; "light housework"; "light exercise"
designed for ease of movement or to carry little weight; "light aircraft"; "a light truck"
easily assimilated in the alimentary canal; not rich or heavily seasoned; "a light diet"
having little importance; "losing his job was no light matter"
intended primarily as entertainment; not serious or profound; "light verse"; "a light comedy"
not great in degree or quantity or number; "a light sentence"; "a light accent"; "casualties were light"; "light snow was falling"; "light misty rain"; "light smoke from the chimney"
of comparatively little physical weight or density; "a light load"; "magnesium is a light metal--having a specific gravity of 1.74 at 20 degrees C"
of little intensity or power or force; "the light touch of her fingers"; "a light breeze"
of the military or industry; using (or being) relatively small or light arms or equipment; "light infantry"; "light cavalry"; "light industry"; "light weapons"
psychologically light; especially free from sadness or troubles; "a light heart"
fasten or secure with chains; "Chain the chairs together"
a unit of length
a necklace made by a stringing objects together; "a string of beads"; "a strand of pearls"; (同)string, strand
a linked or connected series of objects; "a chain of daisies"
a series of (usually metal) rings or links fitted into one another to make a flexible ligament
anything that acts as a restraint
(chemistry) a series of linked atoms (generally in an organic molecule) (同)chemical chain
a series of things depending on each other as if linked together; "the chain of command"; "a complicated concatenation of circumstances" (同)concatenation
(business) a number of similar establishments (stores or restaurants or banks or hotels or theaters) under one ownership
connect or arrange into a chain by linking
apparatus for supplying artificial light effects for the stage or a film
the craft of providing artificial light; "an interior decorator must understand lighting"
any of a group of enzymes that act as a catalyst in the hydrolysis of organic phosphates
British biochemist (born in Germany) who isolated and purified penicillin, which had been discovered in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming (1906-1979) (同)Ernst Boris Chain, Sir Ernst Boris Chain

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉『光,光線』;明るさ / 〈U〉夜明け;日中;日光 / 〈C〉『明かり』(太陽・灯火など光を出すもの) / 〈U〉《時にa~》光輝(brightness),(目などの)輝き / 〈C〉(点火するための)火,火花 / 〈C〉明かり採り,採光窓 / 〈C〉《通例単数形で》(絵などの)明るい部分 / 〈U〉(…についての)知識,情報,理解《+『on』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(ものを見る)観点,見地;相 / 〈C〉この世に光を与える人;指導的な人物 / …‘に'『火をつける』《+『up』+『名』+『名』+『up』》 / …‘に'『明かりをつける』,‘を'照らす《+『up』+『名,』+『名』+『up』》 / 〈人〉‘を'明かりをつけて案内する / 〈表情など〉‘を'明るくする《+『up』+『名,』+『名』+『up』》 / 〈物が〉火がつく,点火する;明かりがつく《+『up』》 / 明るくなる,晴れ晴れする《+『up』》 / 『明るい』 / (色が)『薄い』
(重量が)『軽い』 / (いろいろな事について,その程座・量が)軽い,小さい / 『軽快な』 / 軽装の / 肩のこらない;気軽な / 手軽な,骨の折れなし / (食べ物が)消化のよい,もたれない / ふらふらする,目まいのする / アルコール分の少ない / (パンなどが)ふんわりした / (重量が)軽く / (程度が)軽く,容易に;軽装で
(車・馬などから)降りる《+『from』+『名』》(alight) / (木などに)〈鳥などが〉止まる《+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》 / (…に)〈打撃・運などが〉突然ふりかかる《+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》
『鎖』;(装飾用の)鎖 / 《複数形で》『束縛』,拘束;囚人をつなぐ鎖 / (物事の)『連続』,つながり《+『of』+『名』》 / (商店・銀行・ホテルなどの)チェーン(一連の店が同一資本のもとで連携して経営される方式;その店) / チェーン(測量で用いられる単位;約21.7m) / …'を'『鎖でつなぐ』《+『up』(『together』)+『名,』+『名』+『up』(『together』)》
照明,点火 / 照明方法(装置)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/08 08:10:03」(JST)

wiki en

In enzymology, a myosin light-chain phosphatase (MLCP) (EC 3.1.3.53) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

[myosin light-chain] phosphate + H₂O [myosin light-chain] + phosphate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are myosin light-chain phosphate and H₂O, whereas its two products are myosin light-chain and phosphate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on phosphoric monoester bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is [myosin-light-chain]-phosphate phosphohydrolase. Other names in common use include myosin light chain kinase phosphatase, myosin phosphatase, myosin phosphatase, protein phosphatase 2A, and myosin-light-chain-phosphatase.

Structural studies

MLCP is composed of three subunits: a PP1c catalytic subunit, a myosin targeting subunit called MYPT1, and a small subunit of unknown function called M20.

As of late 2007, only one structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the PDB accession code 1S70.

Function

MLCP is important for regulating contraction in smooth muscle, which lacks the troponin binding system. It inhibits contraction by dephosphorylating myosin light-chain fibers. It counters the myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK), which promotes contraction by phosphorylating myosin light-chain proteins. MLCP is present in smaller amounts compared with MLCK, but compensates for this lack of mass by rapid movement along actin fibers. MLCP activity is inhibited by Rhoa and Rho kinase, components of the Ca²⁺ independent pathway for maintaining muscle contraction.^[1] This can result in Ca2+ sensitization.

References

^ Michael P. Walsh, et all (2005). "Thromboxane A2-induced contraction of rat caudal arterial smooth muscle involves activation of Ca2+ entry and Ca2+sensitization: Rho-associated kinase-mediated phosphorylation of MYPT1 at Thr-855 but not Thr-697". Biochemical Journal 389 (Pt 3): 763–74. doi:10.1042/BJ20050237. PMC 1180727. PMID 15823093.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 肥大型心筋症の遺伝学 genetics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
2. 切迫早産の予防 inhibition of acute preterm labor
3. 自然早産の病因 pathogenesis of spontaneous preterm birth
4. 心筋炎の病因および発症機序 etiology and pathogenesis of myocarditis
5. 肥大型心筋症の自然経過 natural history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

English Journal

Pantoprazole decreases gastroesophageal muscle tone in newborn rats via rho-kinase inhibition.

Welsh C1, Kasirer MY, Pan J, Shifrin Y, Belik J.Author information 1The Hospital for Sick Children.AbstractProton pump inhibitors reduce gastric acid secretion and are commonly utilized in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) across all ages. Yet a decrease in lower esophageal sphincter tone has been reported in vitro in rats through an unknown mechanism, however their effect on the gastroesophageal muscle tone early in life was never studied. Hypothesizing that proton pump inhibitors also reduce gastroesophageal muscle contraction in newborn and juvenile rats, we evaluated the in vitro effect of pantoprazole on gastric and lower esophageal sphincter muscle tissue. Electrical field stimulation (EFS) and carbachol-induced force were significantly (P<0.01) reduced in the presence of pantoprazole, whereas the drug had no effect on the neuromuscular-dependent relaxation. When administered in vivo, pantoprazole (9 mg/kg) significantly (P<0.01) reduced gastric emptying time at both ages. In order to ascertain the signal transduction pathway responsible for the reduction in muscle contraction, we evaluated the tissue rho-associated kinase 2 (ROCK-2) and CPI-17 activity. Pantoprazole reduced myosin light chain phosphatase MYPT-1, but not CPI-17 phosphorylation of gastric and lower esophageal sphincter tissue strongly suggesting that it is a ROCK-2 inhibitor. To the extent that these findings can be extrapolated to human neonates, the use of pantoprazole may impair gastric and lower sphincter muscle tone and thus paradoxically exacerbate esophageal reflux. Further studies addressing the effect of proton pump inhibitors on gastroesophageal muscle contraction are warranted to justify its therapeutic use in GERD.
American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology.Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol.2014 Apr 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Proton pump inhibitors reduce gastric acid secretion and are commonly utilized in the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) across all ages. Yet a decrease in lower esophageal sphincter tone has been reported in vitro in rats through an unknown mechanism, however their effect on the g
PMID 24699328

Platelet myosin light chain phosphatase: keeping it together.

Aburima A, Naseem KM.Author information *Thrombosis Research Laboratory, Centre for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Hull York Medical School, Lab 013/014, Hardy Building, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K.AbstractMLCP (myosin light chain phosphatase) regulates platelet function through its ability to control myosin IIa phosphorylation. Recent evidence suggests that MLCP is a de facto target for signalling events stimulated by cAMP. In the present mini-review, we discuss the mechanisms by which cAMP signalling maintains MLCP in an active state to control platelet contractile machinery.
Biochemical Society transactions.Biochem Soc Trans.2014 Apr 1;42(2):279-83. doi: 10.1042/BST20130277.
MLCP (myosin light chain phosphatase) regulates platelet function through its ability to control myosin IIa phosphorylation. Recent evidence suggests that MLCP is a de facto target for signalling events stimulated by cAMP. In the present mini-review, we discuss the mechanisms by which cAMP signallin
PMID 24646231

Amyloid β peptide stimulates platelet activation through RhoA-dependent modulation of actomyosin organization.

Sonkar VK1, Kulkarni PP, Dash D.Author information 12Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. ddass@satyam.net.in.AbstractPlatelets contribute to 95% of circulating amyloid precursor protein in the body and have widely been employed as a "peripheral" model of neurons in Alzheimer's disease. We sought to analyze the effects of amyloid β (Aβ) on platelets and to understand the underlying molecular mechanism. The Aβ active fragment containing amino acid sequence 25-35 (Aβ25-35; 10-20 μM) was found to induce strong aggregation of human platelets, granule release, and integrin activation, similar to that elicited by physiological agonists. Platelets exposed to Aβ25-35 retracted fibrin clot and displayed augmented adhesion to collagen under arterial shear, reflective of a switch to prothrombotic phenotype. Exposure of platelets to Aβ peptide (20 μM) resulted in a 4.2- and 2.3-fold increase in phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) and MLC phosphatase, respectively, which was reversed by Y27632, an inhibitor of Rho-associated coiled-coil protein kinase (ROCK). Aβ25-35-induced platelet aggregation and clot retraction were also significantly attenuated by Y27632. Consistent with these findings, Aβ25-35 elicited a significant rise in the level of RhoA-GTP in platelets. Platelets pretreated with reverse-sequenced Aβ fragment (Aβ35-25) and untreated resting platelets served as controls. We conclude that Aβ induces cellular activation through RhoA-dependent modulation of actomyosin, and hence, RhoA could be a potential therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy.-Sonkar, V. K., Kulkarni, P. P., Dash, D. Amyloid β peptide stimulates platelet activation through RhoA-dependent modulation of actomyosin organization.
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.FASEB J.2014 Apr;28(4):1819-29. doi: 10.1096/fj.13-243691. Epub 2014 Jan 13.
Platelets contribute to 95% of circulating amyloid precursor protein in the body and have widely been employed as a "peripheral" model of neurons in Alzheimer's disease. We sought to analyze the effects of amyloid β (Aβ) on platelets and to understand the underlying molecular mechanism. The Aβ ac
PMID 24421399

Japanese Journal

Diversity and plasticity in signaling pathways that regulate smooth muscle responsiveness: Paradigms and paradoxes for the myosin phosphatase, the master regulator of smooth muscle contraction

Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ　ｏｆ　Ｓｍｏｏｔｈ　Ｍｕｓｃｌｅ　Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ 53(0), 1-19, 2017
NAID 130005399570

MYPT1 isoforms expressed in HEK293T cells are differentially phosphorylated after GTPγS treatment

Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ　ｏｆ　Ｓｍｏｏｔｈ　Ｍｕｓｃｌｅ　Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ 52(0), 66-77, 2016
NAID 130005420706

Compressive Stress Induces Dephosphorylation of the Myosin Regulatory Light Chain via RhoA Phosphorylation by the Adenylyl Cyclase/Protein Kinase A Signaling Pathway

PLOS ONE 10(3), e0117937, 2015-03-03
NAID 120005613567

「ミオシン軽鎖脱リン酸化酵素」

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PMC	articles
PubMed	articles
NCBI	proteins

myosin-light-chain-phosphatase
Identifiers
EC number	3.1.3.53
CAS number	86417-96-1
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / EGO
Search
PMC	articles
PubMed	articles
NCBI	proteins

　　[★]

英: myosin light chain phosphatase
関: ミオシン軽鎖脱リン酸化

「myosin light-chain phosphatase」

　　[★]

ミオシン軽鎖ホスファターゼ

関: myosin phosphatase

「light」

　　[★]

n.

光、光線、見地、

adj.

(比較級lighter)軽い、明るい

関: bright、photic、photoradiation、point of view、ray、viewpoint、visible light、visible radiation

「phosphatase」

　　[★] ホスファターゼ、フォスファターゼ、脱リン酸化酵素、脱リン酸酵素

関: phosphohydrolase、phosphoric monoester hydrolase

「chain」

　　[★]

n.

鎖、チェーン

adj.

鎖状の、鎖式の

関: open-chain、strand

「lighting」

　　[★]

n.

照明

関: illumination

[1] Michael P. Walsh, et all (2005). "Thromboxane A2-induced contraction of rat caudal arterial smooth muscle involves activation of Ca2+ entry and Ca2+sensitization: Rho-associated kinase-mediated phosphorylation of MYPT1 at Thr-855 but not Thr-697". Biochemical Journal 389 (Pt 3): 763–74. doi:10.1042/BJ20050237. PMC 1180727. PMID 15823093.

リンク元	「ミオシン軽鎖脱リン酸化酵素」
拡張検索	「myosin light-chain phosphatase」
関連記事	「light」「phosphatase」「chain」「lighting」

匿名

検索

案内

案内

myosin light chain phosphatase