関: brachioradial muscle、brachioradialis

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/03/18 00:48:49」(JST)

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The brachioradialis is a muscle of the forearm that flexes the forearm at the elbow. It is also capable of both pronation and supination, depending on the position of the forearm. It is attached to the distal styloid process of the radius by way of the brachioradialis tendon, and to the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus.

§Structure

The brachioradialis is a superficial, fusiform muscle on the lateral side of the forearm that attaches proximally on the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus and distally on the radius, close to its styloid process. Near the elbow, it forms the lateral limit of the cubital fossa, or elbow pit.^[1]

§Innervation

Despite the bulk of the muscle body being visible from the anterior aspect of the forearm, the brachioradialis is a posterior compartment muscle and consequently is innervated by the radial nerve. Of the muscles that receive innervation from the radial nerve, it is one of only four that receive input directly from the radial nerve. The other three are the triceps, anconeus, and extensor carpi radialis longus. (All other posterior compartment muscles that receive radial innervation are supplied by the deep branch of the radial nerve.)^{[citation needed]}

§Function

The brachioradialis flexes the forearm at the elbow. When the forearm is pronated, the brachioradialis tends to supinate as it flexes. In a supinated position, it tends to pronate as it flexes. This also assists the biceps brachii.

The brachioradialis is a stronger elbow flexor when the forearm is in a midposition between supination and pronation at the radioulnar joint. When pronated, the brachioradialis is more active during elbow flexion since the biceps brachii is in a mechanical disadvantage.

With the insertion of the muscle so far from the fulcrum of the elbow, the brachioradialis does not generate as much joint torque as the brachialis or the biceps. It is effective mainly when those muscles have already partially flexed at the elbow. The brachioradialis flexes the forearm at the elbow, especially when quick movement is required and when a weight is lifted during slow flexion of the forearm.

The muscle is used to stabilize the elbow during rapid flexion and extension while in a midposition, such as in hammering. The brachioradialis is synergistic with the brachialis and biceps brachii; the triceps brachii and anconeus are antagonistic.^[2]^[3]

§Additional images

Left humerus. Anterior view.

Bones of left forearm. Anterior aspect.

Front of the left forearm. Superficial muscles.

Posterior surface of the forearm. Superficial muscles.

The radial artery.

The radial and ulnar arteries.

Ulnar and radial arteries. Deep view.

Nerves of the left upper extremity.

Brachioradialis

Brachioradialis, lateral view

§References

^ Moore, KL.; Dalley, AF.; Agur, AM. (2013). Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 7th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 751–752. ISBN 978-1-4511-8447-1.
^ Bowden, Bradley S. Bowden, Joan M. An Illustrated Atlas of Skeletal Muscles. 2nd ed. 2002
^ Saladin, Kenneth S. Anatomy & Physiology. 4th ed. 2007

§External links

Origin, insertion and nerve supply of the muscle at Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine
Illustration: upper-body/brachialis from The Department of Radiology at the University of Washington
Anatomy figure: 07:01-09 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Transverse section through the left arm just proximal to the elbow."
Anatomy figure: 07:03-07 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Superficial muscles of the anterior (flexor) compartment of the left forearm."
Anatomy figure: 09:02-02 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Superficial muscles of the posterior (extensor) compartment of the left forearm."
lesson5musofpostforearm at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)

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English Journal

Therapeutic outcome of onabotulinum toxin type A in patients with upper limb spasticity.

Horimoto Y1, Inagaki A, Yoshikawa M, Kanbe K, Tanaka H, Ando R, Hibino H, Tajima T, Fukagawa K, Kabasawa H.
Rinshō shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology.Rinsho Shinkeigaku.2015 Aug 21;55(8):544-9. doi: 10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-000667. Epub 2015 Jul 7.
Onabotulinum toxin type A treatment for post-stroke upper limb spasticity was investigated to contribute to establishing a standard dosage for Japanese patients. A total of 100 patients participated in the study. The outcome one month (33.6 ± 6.5 days) after the treatment was assessed by the Modifi
PMID 26211529

Procedure Oriented Torsional Anatomy of the Forearm for Spasticity Injection.

Chiou-Tan F1, Cianca J, John J, Furr-Stimming E, Pandit S, Taber KH.
Journal of computer assisted tomography.J Comput Assist Tomogr.2015 Aug 5. [Epub ahead of print]
: This is the second in a series of articles related to the concept of "torsional" anatomy. The objective of this article is to provide musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) anatomy of the forearm in the position of hemispastic flexion as a reference relevant to needle procedures.METHODS: The MSKUS ima
PMID 26248152

Weakening of Corticomuscular Signal Coupling During Voluntary Motor Action in Aging.

Bayram MB1, Siemionow V2, Yue GH3.
The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences.J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.2015 Aug;70(8):1037-43. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glv014. Epub 2015 Mar 16.
BACKGROUND: Aging is associated with muscle weakness and impairment in performing skilled motor tasks. Still, little is known about whether the link or functional coupling or connection between the central and peripheral systems during voluntary motor performance is compromised in the elderly subjec
PMID 25779095

Japanese Journal

Uber den Bau des Musculus brachioradialis und seiner Ansatzsehne

Nishida Kenzo
Arbeiten aus der Medizinischen Fakultät zu Okayama 6(4), 1941-06
NAID 120002312042

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「腕橈骨筋」「brachioradial muscle」
関連記事	「brachioradialis」

「腕橈骨筋」

Brachioradialis muscle
	Anterior view of muscles of the left forearm with brachioradialis shown in blue
	Cross-section through the middle of the forearm. Brachioradialis labeled at center left, sixth from the top.
Details
Latin	musculus brachioradialis
Origin	Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
Insertion	Distal radius (radial styloid process)
Artery	Radial recurrent artery
Nerve	Radial nerve
Actions	Flexion of elbow
Identifiers
Gray's	p.451
Dorlands; /Elsevier	m_22/12548506
TA	A04.6.02.039
FMA	38485
	Anatomical terms of muscle