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Charcot–Bouchard aneurysms (also known as miliary aneurysms or microaneurysms) are aneurysms of the brain vasculature which occur in small blood vessels (less than 300 micrometre diameter). Charcot–Bouchard aneurysms are most often located in the lenticulostriate vessels of the basal ganglia and are associated with chronic hypertension.^[1] Charcot–Bouchard aneurysms are a common cause of cerebral hemorrhage.

Signs and symptoms

If a Charcot–Bouchard aneurysm ruptures, it will lead to an intracerebral hemorrhage, which can cause hemorrhagic stroke, typically experienced as a sudden focal paralysis or loss of sensation.^[1]

Pathophysiology

Charcot–Bouchard aneurysms are aneurysms in the small penetrating blood vessels of the brainstem and midbrain. They are associated with hypertension. The common artery involved is the lenticulostriate branch of the middle cerebral artery. Common locations of hypertensive hemorrhages include the putamen, caudate, thalamus, pons, and cerebellum.^{[citation needed]}

As with any aneurysm, once formed they have a tendency to expand and eventually rupture, in keeping with the Law of Laplace.^[2]

History

Charcot–Bouchard aneurysms are named for the French physicians Jean-Martin Charcot and Charles-Joseph Bouchard.^[3]^[4] It was Bouchard who discovered these aneurysms during his doctoral research under Charcot.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ ^a ^b Fausto, [ed. by] Vinay Kumar; Abul K. Abbas; Nelson (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-0187-1.
^ E. Goljan, Pathology, 2nd ed. Mosby Elsevier, Rapid Review Series.
^ synd/28 at Who Named It?
^ C. J. Bouchard. Étude sur quelques points de la pathogénie des hémorrhagies cérébrales. Paris, 1867.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Phenotypes and biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy.

Cunha-Vaz J1, Ribeiro L2, Lobo C3.
Progress in retinal and eye research.Prog Retin Eye Res.2014 Jul;41:90-111. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2014.03.003. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a major cause of blindness as the prevalence of diabetes is expected to approximately double globally between 2000 and 2030. DR progresses over time at different rates in different individuals with only a limited number developing significant vision loss due to the
PMID 24680929

Evaluation of automated image analysis software for the detection of diabetic retinopathy to reduce the ophthalmologists' workload.

Soto-Pedre E1, Navea A, Millan S, Hernaez-Ortega MC, Morales J, Desco MC, Pérez P.
Acta ophthalmologica.Acta Ophthalmol.2014 Jun 30. doi: 10.1111/aos.12481. [Epub ahead of print]
AIMS: To assess the safety and workload reduction of an automated 'disease/no disease' grading system for diabetic retinopathy (DR) within a systematic screening programme.METHODS: Single 45° macular field image per eye was obtained from consecutive patients attending a regional primary care based
PMID 24975456

Microaneurysm count as a predictor of long-term progression in diabetic retinopathy in young patients with type 1 diabetes: the Danish Cohort of Pediatric Diabetes 1987 (DCPD1987).

Rasmussen ML1, Broe R, Frydkjaer-Olsen U, Olsen BS, Mortensen HB, Peto T, Grauslund J.
Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie.Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol.2014 Jun 5. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: To investigate microaneurysm (MA) count as a predictor of long-term progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).METHODS: We examined 185 patients with T1DM at baseline (1995) and at follow-up (2011). At baseline, mean age and duration of d
PMID 24898428