目次
WordNet
- the facility where wild animals are housed for exhibition (同)zoo, zoological_garden
- a collection of live animals for study or display
- household for three; an arrangement where a married couple and a lover of one of them live together while sharing sexual relations
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈C〉家庭 / 〈U〉家政,家事
- 《集合的に》《動物園の》動物 / 動物園
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/29 10:43:00」(JST)
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English Journal
- Injectable hydrogels with high fixed charge density and swelling pressure for nucleus pulposus repair: Biomimetic glycosaminoglycan analogues.
- Sivan SS1, Roberts S2, Urban JP3, Menage J2, Bramhill J4, Campbell D4, Franklin VJ4, Lydon F4, Merkher Y5, Maroudas A5, Tighe BJ4.Author information 1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; Department of Biotechnology Engineering, ORT Braude College of Engineering, Karmiel 21982, Israel. Electronic address: sivan.sarit@gmail.com.2Spinal Studies, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital & ISTM, Keele University, Oswestry, Shropshire SY10 7AG, UK.3Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK.4Biomaterials Research Unit, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.5Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel.AbstractThe load-bearing biomechanical role of the intervertebral disc is governed by the composition and organization of its major macromolecular components, collagen and aggrecan. The major function of aggrecan is to maintain tissue hydration, and hence disc height, under the high loads imposed by muscle activity and body weight. Key to this role is the high negative fixed charge of its glycosaminoglycan side chains, which impart a high osmotic pressure to the tissue, thus regulating and maintaining tissue hydration and hence disc height under load. In degenerate discs, aggrecan degrades and is lost from the disc, particularly centrally from the nucleus pulposus. This loss of fixed charge results in reduced hydration and loss of disc height; such changes are closely associated with low back pain. The present authors developed biomimetic glycosaminoglycan analogues based on sulphonate-containing polymers. These biomimetics are deliverable via injection into the disc where they polymerize in situ, forming a non-degradable, nuclear "implant" aimed at restoring disc height to degenerate discs, thereby relieving back pain. In vitro, these glycosaminoglycan analogues possess appropriate fixed charge density, hydration and osmotic responsiveness, thereby displaying the capacity to restore disc height and function. Preliminary biomechanical tests using a degenerate explant model showed that the implant adapts to the space into which it is injected and restores stiffness. These hydrogels mimic the role taken by glycosaminoglycans in vivo and, unlike other hydrogels, provide an intrinsic swelling pressure, which can maintain disc hydration and height under the high and variable compressive loads encountered in vivo.
- Acta biomaterialia.Acta Biomater.2014 Mar;10(3):1124-33. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.11.010. Epub 2013 Nov 21.
- The load-bearing biomechanical role of the intervertebral disc is governed by the composition and organization of its major macromolecular components, collagen and aggrecan. The major function of aggrecan is to maintain tissue hydration, and hence disc height, under the high loads imposed by muscle
- PMID 24270091
- Skeletal muscle, autophagy, and physical activity: the ménage à trois of metabolic regulation in health and disease.
- Vainshtein A, Grumati P, Sandri M, Bonaldo P.Author information School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Canada.AbstractMetabolic homeostasis is essential for cellular survival and proper tissue function. Multi-systemic metabolic regulation is therefore vital for good health. A number of tissues have the task of maintaining appropriate metabolism, and skeletal muscle is the most abundant of them. Muscle possesses a remarkable plasticity and is able to rapidly adapt to changes in energetic demands by fine-tuning the balance between catabolic and anabolic processes. Autophagy is a catabolic process responsible for the degradation of protein aggregates and damaged organelles, through the autophagosome-lysosome system. Proper regulation of autophagy flux is fundamental for organism homeostasis under physiological conditions and even more in response to metabolic stress, such as during physical activity and nutritional deficits. Both deficient and excessive autophagy are harmful for health and have devastating consequences in a myriad of pathologies. The regulation of autophagy flux in various tissues, and in particular in skeletal muscle, is of great importance for health and tissue homeostasis and represents a feasible mechanism by which physical exercise exerts its beneficial effects on muscle and whole body metabolism. This review is focused on the key molecular mechanisms regulating macromolecule and organelle turnover in muscle during alterations in nutrient availability and energetic demands, as well as their involvement in disease pathogenesis.
- Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany).J Mol Med (Berl).2014 Feb;92(2):127-37. doi: 10.1007/s00109-013-1096-z. Epub 2013 Nov 24.
- Metabolic homeostasis is essential for cellular survival and proper tissue function. Multi-systemic metabolic regulation is therefore vital for good health. A number of tissues have the task of maintaining appropriate metabolism, and skeletal muscle is the most abundant of them. Muscle possesses a r
- PMID 24271008
- Ménage à trois: Borrelia, dendritic cells, and tick saliva interactions.
- Mason LM1, Veerman CC2, Geijtenbeek TB3, Hovius JW2.Author information 1Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: l.m.mason@amc.uva.nl.2Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.3Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.AbstractBorrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, is inoculated into the skin during an Ixodes tick bite where it is recognised and captured by dendritic cells (DCs). However, considering the propensity of Borrelia to disseminate, it would appear that DCs fall short in mounting a robust immune response against it. Many aspects of the DC-driven immune response to Borrelia have been examined. Recently, components of tick saliva have been identified that sabotage DC responses and aid Borrelia infection. In this review, we summarise what is currently known about the immune response of DCs to Borrelia and explore the mechanisms by which Borrelia manages to circumvent this immune response, with or without the help of tick salivary proteins.
- Trends in parasitology.Trends Parasitol.2014 Feb;30(2):95-103. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2013.12.003. Epub 2013 Dec 30.
- Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, is inoculated into the skin during an Ixodes tick bite where it is recognised and captured by dendritic cells (DCs). However, considering the propensity of Borrelia to disseminate, it would appear that DCs fall short in mounti
- PMID 24388562
Japanese Journal
- 生存のため、あるいはレジャーとしての園芸、狩猟および漁 : 1715年におけるフランス在野の農学研究者Louis Ligerの視点から
- KAWANO Tomonori
- 北九州市立大学国際論集 (13), 123-131, 2015-03
- … This book written in French entitled "Le menage des champs et de la ville, ou le nouveau jardinier François accommode au goust du temps" practically tells us how to maintain the gardens and the city of 18th century in France. …
- NAID 120005612211
- ユイスマンスの小説における芸術家と女性 : 『世帯』をめぐって(研究論文)
- 福田 桃子
- フランス語フランス文学研究 (97), 163-175, 2010-08-30
- … L'enjeu de cet article est de situer En menage de Huysmans dans le courant du <<roman d'art>> … Bien que l'oeuvre de Huysmans, notamment En menage, fasse une place importante aux artistes, elle ne traite pas directement de l'opposition entre la femme et la creation. … Andre, le heros d'En menage quitte sa femme, qui l'a trompe, pour recommencer une vie de celibataire en compagnie de son ancienne bonne. …
- NAID 110008764622
- PE-216 Loss of menage-a-trois 1 in cardiomyocytes causes mitochondrial dysfunction(Metabolism/Biochemistry/Energetics(02)(M),Poster Session(English),The 72nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the Japanese Circulation Society)
- Izumi Yasukatsu,Sano Motoaki,Yoshiyama Minoru,Iwao Hiroshi
- Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 72(Supplement_I), 414, 2008-03-01
- NAID 110006798105
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