WordNet
- run naked in a public place
- a distinctive characteristic; "he has a stubborn streak"; "a streak of wildness"
- an unbroken series of events; "had a streak of bad luck"; "Nicklaus had a run of birdies" (同)run
- a sudden flash (as of lightning)
- move quickly in a straight line; "The plane streaked across the sky"
- a harmful or corrupting agency; "bigotry is a virus that must not be allowed to spread"; "the virus of jealousy is latent in everyone"
- (virology) ultramicroscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts; many are pathogenic; a piece of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a thin coat of protein
- a software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer; "a true virus cannot spread to another computer without human assistance" (同)computer virus
- marked with or as if with stripes or linear discolorations; "streaked hair"; "fat legs and dirty streaky faces" (同)streaky
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (…の)『筋』,線,しま(stripe)《+『of』+『名』》 / (…の)かすかな徴候,傾向,気味《+『of』+『名』》 / 《米話》(運・不運の)一続き《+『of』+『名』》 / (…で)…‘に'筋(しま)をつける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 筋(しま)がつく / 筋(しま)になる / (全速力)で走る / 裸で公衆の面前を走る
- ビールス,ろ過性病原体
- とうもろこし / とうもろこし色,薄黄色
- ストリーキング(楽でキャンパスや大通りを突っ走ること)
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/06/16 19:24:21」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Maize streak virus |
| Common names |
MSV, streak of maize |
| Causal agents |
Maize streak virus |
| Hosts |
maize, Urochloa panicoides |
| Vectors |
leafhoppers (Cicadulina mbila, and other Cicadulina species, such as C. storeyi, C. arachidis and C. dabrowski) |
| EPPO code |
MSV000 |
| Distribution |
sub-Saharan Africa |
| Maize streak virus |
| Virus classification |
| Group: |
Group II (ssDNA) |
| Order: |
Unassigned |
| Family: |
Geminiviridae |
| Genus: |
Mastrevirus |
| Species: |
Maize streak virus |
Maize streak virus causes a plant disease, known as maize streak disease (MSD) in its major host. It is an insect-transmitted maize pathogen in the genus Mastrevirus of the family Geminiviridae that is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and neighbouring Indian Ocean island territories such as Madagascar, Mauritius and La Reunion. The A-strain of MSV (MSV-A) causes sporadic maize streak disease epidemics throughout the maize growing regions of Africa.[1][2][3] MSV was first described by the South African entomologist Claude Fuller who referred to it in a 1901 report as “mealie variegation”.[4]
The development of conventionally resistant maize varieties has been a priority since the 1950s in Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and elsewhere, with a good deal of success: however, there are several genes associated with resistance, and breeding is complex. Transgenically resistant or genetically modified maize varieties were under development in South Africa,[5] but the project has terminated without field trials of the candidate maize lines that were developed.
MSV is mainly transmitted by Cicadulina mbila Naude, but other leafhopper species, such as C. storeyi, C. arachidis and C. dabrowski, are also able to transmit the virus.
Typical of all mastreviruses, MSV's circular, ~2.7-Kb monopartite single-stranded (ss) DNA genome encodes only four proteins. Bidirectional transcription from a long intergenic region (LIR) results in the virion-sense expression of a movement protein (MP) and a coat protein (CP), and the complementary-sense expression of the replication-associated proteins, Rep and RepA. Whereas the MP and CP are involved in virus movement and encapsidation,[6] Rep is an essential initiator of virus replication, and RepA is a regulator of host and viral gene transcription.[7][8][9][10] Due to genome size restrictions, MSV usurps host DNA replication and double-stranded DNA break repair proteins to replicate its genome via, respectively, rolling-circle [11] and recombination-dependent mechanisms.[12]
References
- ^ Dionne N Shepherd, Darren P Martin, Eric Van Der Walt, Kyle Dent, Arvind Varsani, Ed Rybicki (2009), "Maize streak virus: an old and complex ‘emerging’ pathogen", Molecular Plant Pathology, 11: 1–12, doi:10.1111/j.1364-3703.2009.00568.x
- ^ Darren P. Martin & Dionne N. Shepherd (2009), "The epidemiology, economic impact and control of maize streak disease", Food Security, 1: 305–315, doi:10.1007/s12571-009-0023-1
- ^ Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez (2000), "Eight decades of maize streak virus research", Virus Research, 71: 107–121, doi:10.1016/S0168-1702(00)00192-1
- ^ McAlister, A. (27 October 2010). "South Africa at front line of GM research". Media Club South Africa. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
- ^ Dionne N. Shepherd; Tichaona Mangwende; Darren P. Martin; Marion Bezuidenhout; Frederik J. Kloppers; Charlene H. Carolissen; Adérito L. Monjane; Edward P. Rybicki & Jennifer A. Thomson (2007), "Maize streak virus-resistant transgenic maize: a first for Africa", Plant Biotechnology Journal, 5: 759–767, PMID 17924935, doi:10.1111/j.1467-7652.2007.00279.x
- ^ Sondra G. Lazarowitz; Allison J. Pinder; Vernon D. Damsteegt & Stephen G. Rogers (1989), "Maize streak virus genes essential for systemic spread and symptom development", EMBO J, 8: 1023–1032, PMC 400910 , PMID 16453874
- ^ Xiangcan Zhan; Kim A. Richardson; Ann Haley; Bret A. M. Morris (1993), "The Activity of the Coat Protein Promoter of Chloris Striate Mosaic Virus Is Enhanced by Its Own and C1-C2 Gene Products", Virology, 193: 498–502, PMID 8438584, doi:10.1006/viro.1993.1153
- ^ JMI Hofer; EL Dekker; HV Reynolds; CJ Woolston; BS Cox; PM Mullineaux (1992), "Coordinate Regulation of Replication and Virion Sense Gene Expression in Wheat Dwarf Virus", The Plant Cell, 4: 213–223, PMC 160122 , PMID 1633494, doi:10.2307/3869574
- ^ Kathleen L. Hefferon; Yong-Sun Moon; Ying Fan (2006), "Multi-tasking of nonstructural gene products is required for bean yellow dwarf geminivirus transcriptional regulation", The FEBS Journal, 273: 4482–4494, PMID 16972938, doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05454.x
- ^ S Collin; M Fernández-Lobato; P S Gooding; P M Mullineaux & C Fenoll (1996), "The two nonstructural proteins from wheat dwarf virus involved in viral gene expression and replication are retinoblastoma-binding proteins", Virology, 219: 324–329, PMID 8623550, doi:10.1006/viro.1996.0256
- ^ Keith Saunders, Andrew Lucy & John Stanley (1991), "DNA forms of the geminivirus African cassava mosaic virus consistent with a rolling circle mechanism of replication", Nucleic Acids Research, 19: 2325–2330, PMC 329438 , PMID 2041773, doi:10.1093/nar/19.9.2325
- ^ Julia B. Erdmann; Dionne N. Shepherd; Darren P. Martin; Arvind Varsani; Edward P. Rybicki & Holger Jeske (2010), "Replicative intermediates of maize streak virus found during leaf development.", Journal of General Virology, 91: 1077–1081, PMID 20032206, doi:10.1099/vir.0.017574-0
|
Maize (corn)
|
| Varieties |
- Baby
- Blue
- Dent
- Field
- Flint
- Flour
- MON 810
- MON 863
- Quality Protein Maize
- Shoepeg
- Sweet
- Transgenic maize
- Waxy
- Bolivia varieties
- Ecuador varieties
- Italian varieties
- Sweetcorn varieties
|
|
| Parts |
|
| Processing |
- Amylomaize
- Corn construction
- Maize milling
- Nixtamalization
- Wet-milling
- Popcorn maker
|
| Pathology |
- BBCH-scale
- Corn allergy
- Maize streak virus
|
|
Corn-based
products
|
| Raw materials |
- Cornmeal
- Masa
- Mielie-meal
- Oil
- Samp
- Starch
- Steep liquor
- Syrup
|
| Beverages |
- Atole
- Bourbon
- Champurrado
- Chicha
- Colada morada
- Pinolillo
- Pozol
- Tejate
- Tejuino
- Tesgüino
|
| Dishes |
- Arepa
- Bread
- Conkies
- Cookie
- Corn flakes
- Corn on the cob
- Cou-cou
- Fufu
- Grits
- Hallaca
- Hominy
- Humita
- Johnnycake
- List of maize dishes
- Mazamorra
- Mămăligă
- Milho Frito
- Mush
- Nachos
- Nshima
- Pamonha
- Pap
- Pashofa
- Piki
- Polenta
- Popcorn
- Pudding corn
- Pupusa
- Sadza
- Sagamite
- Taco
- Tamale
- Tortilla
- Ugali
|
| Corn syrup |
- Glucose syrup
- High-fructose corn syrup
- High-maltose corn syrup
|
| Non-food |
|
| Misc. |
|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Extensive recombination-induced disruption of genetic interactions is highly deleterious but can be partially reversed by small numbers of secondary recombination events.
- Monjane AL1, Martin DP2, Lakay F3, Muhire BM4, Pande D5, Varsani A6, Harkins G7, Shepherd DN3, Rybicki EP1.
- Journal of virology.J Virol.2014 Jul 15;88(14):7843-51. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00709-14. Epub 2014 Apr 30.
- Although homologous recombination can potentially provide viruses with vastly more evolutionary options than are available through mutation alone, there are considerable limits on the adaptive potential of this important evolutionary process. Primary among these is the disruption of favorable coevol
- PMID 24789787
- A high degree of African streak virus diversity within Nigerian maize fields includes a new mastrevirus from Axonopus compressus.
- Oluwafemi S1, Kraberger S, Shepherd DN, Martin DP, Varsani A.
- Archives of virology.Arch Virol.2014 May 6. [Epub ahead of print]
- The A-strain of maize streak virus (MSV-A; genus Mastrevirus, family Geminiviridae), the causal agent of maize streak disease, places a major constraint on maize production throughout sub-Saharan Africa. In West-African countries such as Nigeria, where maize is not cultivated year-round, this MSV st
- PMID 24796552
- Genetic analysis of resistance to six virus diseases in a multiple virus-resistant maize inbred line.
- Zambrano JL1, Jones MW, Brenner E, Francis DM, Tomas A, Redinbaugh MG.
- TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik.Theor Appl Genet.2014 Apr;127(4):867-80. doi: 10.1007/s00122-014-2263-5. Epub 2014 Feb 6.
- KEY MESSAGE: Novel and previously known resistance loci for six phylogenetically diverse viruses were tightly clustered on chromosomes 2, 3, 6 and 10 in the multiply virus-resistant maize inbred line, Oh1VI. Virus diseases in maize can cause severe yield reductions that threaten crop production and
- PMID 24500307
Japanese Journal
- Mung bean yellow mosaic virusとmaize streak virus,wheat dwarf virus,chloris striate mosaic virusとbeet curly top virusの塩基配列およびアミノ酸配列のコンピュ-タ解析〔英文〕
- オギで見出された双球状ウイルス;オギ条斑ウイルス (miscanthus streak virus, MiSV) について
- 山下 修一 [他],野仲 信行,難波 成任,土居 養二,與良 清
- 日本植物病理學會報 51(5), 582-590, 1985-12-25
- … A previously undescribed geminivirus, miscanthus streak virus (MiSV), was found in dip preparations from Miscanthus sacchariflorus Benth. … showing leaf streak and stunting, collected at Matsudo of Chiba prefecture in 1978. … The virus was purified by homogenization using 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 5.6) containing 0.1% thioglycollic acid and 1% triton X-100, followed by chloroform clarification (20%), and then three cycles of differential centrifugations. …
- NAID 110002743617
- わが国でオーチャードグラスに発生しているコックスフットモットルウイルス
- 鳥山 重光
- 日本植物病理學會報 48(4), 514-520, 1982-09-25
- … By mechanical inoculation, the virus disease transmitted readily to cocksfoot and wheat. … viridis, bromegrass, fescue, rye-grass, thimothy and maize were not susceptible to the virus. … The virus particle was spherical and about 28 nm in diameter. … The virus contained an RNA species having a mol. …
- NAID 110002742068
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