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1. 加齢黄斑変性：治療および予防 age related macular degeneration treatment and prevention
2. 疾患予防におけるビタミン補給 vitamin supplementation in disease prevention
3. 妊娠時のアンドロゲン過剰症の原因 causes of gestational hyperandrogenism
4. 妊娠時のアンドロゲン過剰症の診断およびマネージメント diagnosis and management of gestational hyperandrogenism
5. 妊娠性絨毛性疾患：疫学、臨床症状、および診断 gestational trophoblastic disease epidemiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis

English Journal

Characterization of serum-free buffalo granulosa cell culture and analysis of genes involved in terminal differentiation from FSH- to LH-responsive phenotype.

Monga R1, Sharma I, Datta TK, Singh D.Author information 1Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Haryana, India.AbstractIn the present study, buffalo granulosa cells were cultured under serum-free conditions and characterized to study the changes in gene expression associated with the transition of granulosa cells from estrogen- to progesterone-secreting phenotype. The cells were cultured in vitro under completely serum-free conditions for 8 d. Gene expression and hormone analysis showed that on day 4 granulosa cells exhibit FSH responsiveness with preovulatory phenotype having highest CYP19 gene expression and 17β-estradiol production, whereas a significant increase in transcript abundance of STAR, CYP11, and HSD3B genes accompanied with an increase in progesterone production was observed on day 8. Cells treated with LH on day 4 followed by gene expression analysis at 1, 2, 4, 6, 18, and 24 h showed significant increase in transcripts of LH-responsive genes. In conclusion, culture condition used in the present study showed that granulosa cells were FSH responsive and attained attributes of granulosa cells of dominant follicles at day 4 with highest CYP19 and LHR gene expression beyond which they acquired the ability to luteinize and thus were more LH responsive. In addition, after LH treatment, analysis of early LH-responsive genes (EGR2, RUNX1, and NR4A1) on day 4 showed that granulosa cells at this stage in culture exhibits phenotype similar to that of preovulatory follicles before LH surge in vivo and corresponds to the in vivo transition of well-orchestrated gene expression profile after LH surge. The characterized culture conditions represent a suitable in vitro model for analysis of genes involved in terminal differentiation of granulosa cells from FSH- to LH-responsive phenotype during folliculogenesis in buffalo.
Domestic animal endocrinology.Domest Anim Endocrinol.2011 Nov;41(4):195-206. doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2011.07.001. Epub 2011 Aug 25.
In the present study, buffalo granulosa cells were cultured under serum-free conditions and characterized to study the changes in gene expression associated with the transition of granulosa cells from estrogen- to progesterone-secreting phenotype. The cells were cultured in vitro under completely se
PMID 21885231

Functional anatomy of the female genital organs of the wild black agouti (Dasyprocta fuliginosa) female in the Peruvian Amazon.

Mayor P1, Bodmer RE, Lopez-Bejar M.Author information 1Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. mayorpedro@hotmail.comAbstractThis study examined anatomical and histological characteristics of genital organs of 38 black agouti females in the wild in different reproductive stages, collected by rural hunters in the North-eastern Peruvian Amazon. Females in the follicular phase of the estrous cycle had greater antral follicle sizes than other females, the largest antral follicle measuring 2.34mm. Antral follicles in pregnant females and females in luteal phase of the estrous cycle had an average maximum diameter smaller than 1mm. In black agouti females in follicular phase, some antral follicles are selected to continue to growth, reaching a pre-ovulatory diameter of 2mm. Mean ovulation rate was 2.5 follicles and litter size was 2.1 embryos or fetuses per pregnant female, resulting in a rate of ovum mortality of 20.8%. Many follicles from which ovulation did not occur of 1-mm maximum diameter luteinize forming accessory CL. The constituent active luteal tissues of the ovary are functional and accessory CL. Although all females had accessory CL, transformation of follicles into accessory CL occurred especially in pregnant females, resulting in a contribution from 9% to 23% of the total luteal volume as pregnancy advances. The persistence of functional CL throughout pregnancy might reflect the importance for the maintenance of gestation and may be essential for the continuous hormonal production. The duplex uterus of the agouti female is composed by two completely independent uterine horns with correspondent separate cervices opening into the vagina. In pregnant females, most remarkable observed uterine adaptations were induced by the progressive enlargement caused by the normal pregnancy evolution. The wild black agouti showed different vaginal epithelium features in accordance with the reproductive state of the female.
Animal reproduction science.Anim Reprod Sci.2011 Feb;123(3-4):249-57. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.12.006. Epub 2010 Dec 17.
This study examined anatomical and histological characteristics of genital organs of 38 black agouti females in the wild in different reproductive stages, collected by rural hunters in the North-eastern Peruvian Amazon. Females in the follicular phase of the estrous cycle had greater antral follicle
PMID 21216112

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) and its signaling components in peri-ovulatory pig follicles.

Sriperumbudur R1, Zorrilla L, Gadsby JE.Author information 1Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States of America. sriperumbudurr@mail.nih.govAbstractThe present studies investigated the hypothesis that TGFbeta plays a role in mediating LH/hCG-induced maturation, ovulation and/or luteinization of follicles in the pig. In Experiment 1, the temporal and spatial gene expression patterns of TGFbeta signaling components were examined in pig follicles which had been induced to ovulate and luteinize in vivo by hCG treatment, or by the LH-surge. Pre-pubertal pigs were injected with PG-600 followed by hCG, and ovaries were collected surgically at 0, 1, 12, 24 and 48h post-hCG. Post-ovulatory follicles were also collected from cycling gilts on Day 4 (D4) of the estrous cycle. Pre- and post-ovulatory follicles were used for the measurement of mRNA (PCR) and protein (Western blots) abundance and for protein localization by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Steady state amounts of mRNA for TGFbeta3 and TGFbetaR2 were increased (P<0.05, as compared to 0h) at 12h and on D4, respectively, while TGFbeta2 protein showed a tendency to increase on D4. TGFbeta signaling components did not change significantly. By IHC, the localization of TGFbeta components was as follows: pre-ovulatory follicles; TGFbeta1 - granulosa cells (GC), TGFbeta2 - theca cells (TC), TGFbetaR1 and 2 - GC and TC: post-ovulatory follicles; TGFbeta1 and 2 and TGFbetaR1 and 2 - luteinizing TC and GC. In Experiment 2, TGFbeta1 (1-100ng/ml) alone had no significant effect on progesterone (P4) secretion by pig GC in culture. Furthermore, while LH+IGF-1 (positive control) stimulated P4 approximately 10-fold, TGFbeta at 10 and 100ng/ml added in combination with LH+IGF-1, had no effect on P4 accumulation. In conclusion, data from the present study on temporal and spatial patterns of expression of the TGFbeta-system suggest that TGFbeta may play a role in the overall process of luteinization, but it appears not to influence steroidogenesis in luteinizing pig follicles.
Animal reproduction science.Anim Reprod Sci.2010 Jul;120(1-4):84-94. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2010.03.003. Epub 2010 Mar 7.
The present studies investigated the hypothesis that TGFbeta plays a role in mediating LH/hCG-induced maturation, ovulation and/or luteinization of follicles in the pig. In Experiment 1, the temporal and spatial gene expression patterns of TGFbeta signaling components were examined in pig follicles
PMID 20378284

Japanese Journal

The endocrine function of rat gonads with reduced number of germ cells following Busulphan treatment.

KASUGA FUMIKO,TAKAHASHI MICHIO
Ｅｎｄｏｃｒｉｎｏｌｏｇｉａ　Ｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ 33(1), 105-115, 1986
… The ovarian cells in this period did not luteinize either morphologically or functionally in response to an ovulatory dose of hCG. …
NAID 130000953254