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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/01/03 10:57:18」(JST)

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For other uses, see Limitless (disambiguation).

Limitless
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Neil Burger
Produced by	Leslie Dixon Ryan Kavanaugh Scott Kroopf
Screenplay by	Leslie Dixon
Based on	The Dark Fields  by Alan Glynn
Starring	Bradley Cooper Abbie Cornish Robert De Niro
Music by	Paul Leonard-Morgan
Cinematography	Jo Willems
Edited by	Tracy Adams Naomi Geraghty
Production company	Virgin Produced Rogue Many Rivers Boy of the Year Intermedia Film
Distributed by	Relativity Media
Release dates	March 8, 2011 (2011-03-08) (New York premiere) March 18, 2011 (2011-03-18) (United States)
Running time	105 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$27 million
Box office	$161,849,455

Limitless is a 2011 American thriller film directed by Neil Burger and starring Bradley Cooper, Abbie Cornish, and Robert De Niro. It is based on the novel The Dark Fields by Alan Glynn.

Plot

Eddie Morra (Bradley Cooper), an author suffering from writer's block, living in New York, is stressed by an approaching deadline. His girlfriend Lindy (Abbie Cornish), frustrated with his lack of progress and financial dependence, breaks up with him. Later, Eddie meets Vernon Gant (Johnny Whitworth), the estranged brother of Eddie's ex-wife, Melissa (Anna Friel). Vernon, involved with a pharmaceutical company, gives Eddie a nootropic drug, NZT-48. After taking the pill, Eddie finds himself able to learn much faster and recall memories from his distant past, with the only apparent side effect being a change in the color of Eddie's irises while on the drug – his eyes becoming an intense shade of electric blue. He uses this ability to finish ninety pages of his book. The next day, the effects having worn off, he seeks out Vernon in an attempt to get more. While Eddie is running an errand, Vernon is killed. Eddie returns, calls the police and then discovers Vernon's NZT stash just before they arrive. Using the new miracle drug, Eddie quickly completes his book.

Testing his new ability on the stock market, Eddie makes large returns on small investments. Realizing he requires more capital, he borrows one hundred thousand dollars from a Russian loan shark, Gennady (Andrew Howard), and successfully makes a return of two million dollars. He increases his NZT dosage and rekindles his relationship with Lindy.

Eddie's success leads to a meeting with a business tycoon, Carl Van Loon (Robert De Niro), who wants Eddie to advise him on a merger with Hank Atwood (Richard Bekins). After work, Eddie starts experiencing blackouts involving large quantities of missing time. He finds himself at a nightclub, a hotel party, in a hotel room with a blonde woman (Caroline Winberg), and in a subway station where he easily subdues several men using techniques seen in old kung fu movies, boxing matches, and documentaries. When this particular marathon blackout finally ends, he finds himself on the Brooklyn Bridge, from which he slowly limps home. Later, Eddie sees a news report detailing the murder of the woman with whom he had slept, but he is unable to remember whether or not he was the killer.

Eddie meets with Melissa and discovers that she too had been on NZT. When she attempted to stop taking it, she had experienced a severe mental rebound effect, as well as a limp like Eddie, while others had died after stopping. On his way home, Eddie is attacked by Gennady, who takes Eddie's last NZT pill. Eddie visits Lindy and asks her to retrieve his backup stash, which he had hidden in her apartment. On her way back, she is followed by a man (Tomas Arana) who'd been stalking Eddie. He corners Lindy in a park, and Eddie tells her to take an NZT pill. The pill enables her to escape and she returns the stash to Eddie.

Eddie experiments with the drug and learns to control his dosage, sleep schedule and food intake to prevent side effects. He continues to earn money on the stock exchange and hires bodyguards to protect him from Gennady, who threatens him in an attempt to obtain more NZT. He buys an armored penthouse and hires a laboratory to reverse engineer NZT. For his part in the merger, Eddie is promised forty million dollars, and he hires an attorney (Ned Eisenberg) to help keep the police from investigating the deaths of both Vernon and the woman.

On the day of the merger, Atwood's wife informs Van Loon that he has fallen into a coma. Eddie recognizes Atwood's driver as his stalker. While Eddie participates in a lineup, his attorney steals Eddie's whole supply of NZT from his jacket. Soon afterwards, Eddie discovers that his pills are gone and begins to enter withdrawal. He also learns that his bodyguards have been killed. But the severe effects of withdrawal cause him to hurry home when Van Loon questions Eddie about his knowledge relating to Atwood's coma. Gennady breaks into his apartment, demanding more NZT. He reveals that to increase the effect's potency and duration he has been dissolving it in water and injecting it. Eddie stabs Gennady and licks up some of his pooling blood for the NZT it now contains. His increased mental acuity restored, Eddie kills Gennady's henchmen and escapes. He meets with his stalker, surmising that Atwood employed the man to locate more NZT. The two join forces and recover Eddie's stash from his attorney (who did not pass the NZT to his client).

A year later, Eddie has retained his wealth, his book has been released, and he is running for the United States Senate. Van Loon visits him and reveals that he has absorbed the company that produced NZT and shut down Eddie's laboratory. He offers a steady supply of the drug in return for power when Eddie inevitably becomes president. Eddie reveals that he has had multiple laboratories working on NZT for the purposes of reverse engineering it, as well as eliminating all of the negative side-effects. He also implies that he might have found a way to wean himself completely off of the drug without losing any of his enhanced abilities and that he has gained extrasensory perception. He sends Van Loon on his way and meets Lindy at a Chinese restaurant for lunch, where his perfect Chinese language skills with the waiter invite skepticism from Lindy as to whether he is actually off of the drug.

Cast

• Bradley Cooper as Edward "Eddie" Morra
• Robert De Niro as Carlos "Carl" Van Loon
• Abbie Cornish as Lindy
• Anna Friel as Melissa Gant
• Johnny Whitworth as Vernon Gant
• Richard Bekins as Henry "Hank" Atwood
• Robert John Burke as Donald "Don" Pierce
• Tomas Arana as the Man in a tan coat
• T.V. Carpio as Valerie
• Patricia Kalember as Mrs. Atwood
• Andrew Howard as Gennady
• Ned Eisenberg as Morris Brandt

Production

Limitless is based on the novel The Dark Fields by Alan Glynn. The film is directed by Neil Burger and is based on a screenplay by Leslie Dixon, who had acquired rights to the source material. Dixon wrote the adapted screenplay for less than her normal cost in exchange for being made one of the film's producers. She and fellow producer Scott Kroopf approached Burger to direct the film, at the time titled The Dark Fields. For Burger, who had written and directed his previous three films, the collaboration was his first foray solely as director. With Universal Pictures developing the project, Shia LaBeouf was announced in April 2008 to be cast as the film's star.

The project eventually moved to development under Relativity Media and Sir Richard Branson's Virgin Produced with Universal distributing through Relativity's Rogue Pictures. By November 2009, actor Bradley Cooper replaced LaBeouf in the starring role. Robert De Niro was cast opposite Cooper by March 2010, and The Dark Fields began filming in Philadelphia the following May. Filming also took place in New York City. For a car chase scene filmed in Puerto Vallarta, filmmakers sought a luxury car. Italian carmaker Maserati provided two Maserati GranTurismo coupes free in "a guerrilla-style approach" to product placement. By December 2010, The Dark Fields was re-titled Limitless.

Release

Limitless had its world premiere in New York City on March 8, 2011. It was released in 2,756 theaters in the United States and Canada on March 18, 2011. It grossed a $18.9 million on its opening weekend to rank first at the box office, beating other openers The Lincoln Lawyer and Paul as well as carryovers Rango and Battle: Los Angeles. Limitless was released in the United Kingdom on March 23, 2011.

Before the film's release, Box Office Mojo called Limitless a "wild card", highlighting its "clearly articulated" premise and the pairing of Cooper and De Niro, but questioned a successful opening. The film opened at number one in its first week in the US. The film did well at the box office, earning some $79 million in the U.S. and Canada as well as some $157 million worldwide against its $27 million budget.

Critical reception

Limitless received generally positive reviews from film critics. Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports that 70% of critics gave the film a positive review based on 186 reviews, with an average score of 6.4/10. The site's consensus states: "Although its script is uneven, Neil Burger directs Limitless with plenty of visual panache, and Bradley Cooper makes for a charismatic star." At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the film received an average score of 59 based on 37 reviews.

Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film 2 and 1/2 stars and said it was "not terrifically good, but the premise is intriguing" and also stated that director Neil Burger uses "inventive visual effects." Lastly he said, "Limitless only uses 15, maybe 20 percent of its brain. Still, that's more than a lot of movies do."

Kirk Honeycutt of The Hollywood Reporter wrote, "Limitless should be so much smarter than it is," believing that it took conventional plot turns and stuck closely to genre elements like Russian gangsters and Wall Street crooks. Honeycutt reserved praise for Cooper, Abbie Cornish, and Anna Friel. He also commended cinematographer Jo Willems' camerawork and Patrizia von Brandenstein's production design in the film's array of locales.

Variety '​s Robert Koehler called Limitless a "propulsive, unexpectedly funny thriller". Koehler wrote, "What makes the film so entertaining is its willingness to go far out, with transgressive touches and mind-bending images that take zoom and fish-eye shots to a new technical level, as the pill enables Eddie to experience astonishing new degrees of clarity, perception and energy." He said of Cooper's performance, "Going from grungy to ultra-suave with a corresponding shift in attitude, Cooper shows off his range in a film he dominates from start to finish. The result is classic Hollywood star magnetism, engaging auds [audiences] physically and vocally, as his narration proves to be a crucial element of the pic's humor." The critic also positively compared Willems' cinematography to the style in Déjà Vu (2006) and commended the tempo set by the film's editors Naomi Geraghty and Tracy Adams and by composer Paul Leonard-Morgan.

Limitless received the award for Best Thriller at the 2011 Scream Awards and was nominated for Best Science Fiction Film at the 2012 Saturn Awards, but lost to Rise of the Planet of the Apes.

TV series spin-off

Bradley Cooper announced in October 2013 that he, Leslie Dixon and Scott Kroopf will be executive producers of a television series based on Limitless.

On the 3rd November 2014 it was announced that CBS will be financing a pilot episode for the Limitless TV series. The pilot will continue where the movie left off. Bradley Cooper will be an executive producer but will not appear in the TV series based on the movie itself. It was revealed that the main character will be called Brian Sinclair.

The Limitless pilot will also be produced by Divergent director Neil Burger–who is also directing the pilot–alongside Alex Kurtzman, Roberto Orci and Heather Kadin. It will be based off a script by Elementary executive producer Craig Sweeny.

See also

• Intellectual giftedness
• Nootropic drugs

References

External links

• Official website
• Limitless at the Internet Movie Database
• Limitless at Rotten Tomatoes
• Limitless at Box Office Mojo
• A 'Limitless' memory? It may not be a good thing at MSNBC
• Pseudo Web site about NZT as if it was a real product
• Articles about health and NZT similar drugs

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Related Links

• IMDb - Limitless (2011)

Directed by Neil Burger. With Bradley Cooper, Anna Friel, Abbie Cornish, Robert De Niro. A writer discovers a top-secret drug which bestows him with super human abilities.

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