- 同
- DuoNeb nebulizer solution
WordNet
- a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter (同)humor, humour, witticism, wittiness
- a bronchodilator (trade names Ventolin or Proventil) used for asthma and emphysema and other lung conditions; available in oral or inhalant forms; side effects are tachycardia and shakiness (同)Ventolin, Proventil
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 《随伴・協調》…『と』,と共に,といっしょに / 《所有・所持》…『を持っている』,がある,の付いた / 《道具・手段》…『で』,を使って / 《財料・供給物》…『で』,を与えて / …を支持して,に賛成して / …『に反対(敵対)して』,を相手として / …『と同時に』,と同様に / …『に比べて』,に比例して / 《様態》《名詞を伴い副詞句として》『…で』,を示して,をもって / 《付帯状競》…『して』,しながら / 《譲歩》…がありながら,にもかかわらず / 『…が原因で』,のために,…で / …に任せて,のもとにあずけて,のところに / …に関して,について / …から離れて / 《連結・混合》…と / 《副詞と共に命令文で》
- 知る(know)
- 〈U〉『機知』,機転,ウィット / 〈C〉『機知に富む人』,機転のきく人 / 《複数形で;単数扱い》『理解(表現)力』,知性 / 《複数形で》(物事を見抜いたりもくろんだりする)才覚,才知 / 《複数形で;単数扱い》正気
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Inhalation toxicity of soman vapor in non-anesthetized rats: A preliminary assessment of inhaled bronchodilator or steroid therapy.
- Perkins MW, Wong B, Rodriguez A, Devorak JL, Alves DA, Murphy G, Sciuto AM.Author information Analytical Toxicology Division, Medical Toxicology Branch, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, 3100 Ricketts Point Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, United States.AbstractRespiratory toxicity, injury and treatment following vapor inhalational exposure to the chemical warfare nerve agent (CWNA) soman (GD) were examined in non-anesthetized rats. This study exposed male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300g) to 520, 560, 600, 825 or 1410mg×min/m(3) of soman in a customized head-out inhalation system. Signs of CWNA-induced cholinergic crises were observed in all soman-exposed animals. The LCt50 of vaporized soman as determined by probit analysis was 593.1mg×min/m(3). All animals exposed to 825 and 1410mg×min/m(3) developed severe convulsions and died within 4-8min post-exposure. Edema measured by wet/dry weight ratio of the left lung lobe increased in a dose-dependent manner in all soman-exposed animals. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and blood acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were inhibited dose-dependently in soman-exposed groups at 24h. A significant increase in total BAL protein was observed in soman-exposed animals at all doses. AChE activity was inhibited in lung and whole brain tissues in all soman-exposed animals. Histopathological analysis of the lungs of animals exposed to 600mg×min/m(3) of soman revealed prominent morphological changes including alveolar histiocytosis, hemorrhage and inflammation consisting of neutrophilic exudate. Exposure of animals to 600mg×min/m(3) of soman followed by treatment with two actuations for 10s of Combivent (21μg of ipratropium bromide and 120μg of albuterol sulfate) and Symbicort (80μg budesonide and 4.5μg formoterol) by inhalation into a modified metered dose inhaler (MDI) 10min post-exposure resulted in increased minute volume, but did not decrease mortality. These results indicate that inhalation exposure to soman vapor causes acute respiratory toxicity and injury in untreated, un-anesthetized rats and that inhalation treatment with Combivent or Symbicort did improve the respiratory outcomes, but did not influence lethality.
- Chemico-biological interactions.Chem Biol Interact.2013 Dec 5;206(3):452-61. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.07.009. Epub 2013 Jul 23.
- Respiratory toxicity, injury and treatment following vapor inhalational exposure to the chemical warfare nerve agent (CWNA) soman (GD) were examined in non-anesthetized rats. This study exposed male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300g) to 520, 560, 600, 825 or 1410mg×min/m(3) of soman in a customized hea
- PMID 23886498
- Inhaled β-agonist therapy and respiratory muscle fatigue as under-recognised causes of lactic acidosis.
- Lau E, Mazer J, Carino G.Author information Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.AbstractA 49-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presented with significant tachypnoea, fevers, productive cough and increased work of breathing for the previous 4 days. Laboratory data showed elevated lactate of 3.2 mEq/L. Continuous inhaled ipratropium and albuterol nebuliser treatments were administered. Lactate levels increased to 5.5 and 3.9 mEq/L, at 6 and 12 h, respectively. No infectious source was found and the lactic acidosis cleared as the patient improved. The lactic acidosis was determined to be secondary to respiratory muscle fatigue and inhaled β-agonist therapy, two under-recognised causes of lactic acidosis in patients presenting with respiratory distress. Lactic acidosis is commonly used as a clinical marker for sepsis and shock, but in the absence of tissue hypoperfusion and severe hypoxia, alternative aetiologies for elevated levels should be sought to avoid unnecessary and potentially harmful medical interventions.
- BMJ case reports.BMJ Case Rep.2013 Oct 14;2013. pii: bcr2013201015. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-201015.
- A 49-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presented with significant tachypnoea, fevers, productive cough and increased work of breathing for the previous 4 days. Laboratory data showed elevated lactate of 3.2 mEq/L. Continuous inhaled ipratropium and albuterol nebuliser tr
- PMID 24127377
- Albuterol Administration Is Commonly Associated With Increases In Serum Lactate In Asthmatics Treated for Acute Exacerbation of Asthma.
- Lewis LM, Ferguson I, House SL, Aubuchon K, Schneider J, Johnson K, Matsuda K.AbstractABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Controversy exists surrounding the incidence and cause of hyperlactatemia during asthma exacerbations. We evaluate incidence, potential causes, and adverse events of hyperlactatemia in patients with acute asthma exacerbation.
- Chest.Chest.2013 Aug 15. doi: 10.1378/chest.13-0930. [Epub ahead of print]
- ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Controversy exists surrounding the incidence and cause of hyperlactatemia during asthma exacerbations. We evaluate incidence, potential causes, and adverse events of hyperlactatemia in patients with acute asthma exacerbation.METHODS: Sub-analysis of placebo subjects from a prosp
- PMID 23949578
Related Links
- The combination of albuterol and ipratropium is used to prevent wheezing, difficulty breathing, chest tightness, and coughing in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; a group of diseases that affect the ...
- Ipratropium and Albuterol official prescribing information for healthcare professionals. Includes: indications, dosage, adverse reactions, pharmacology and more. ... Additional adverse reactions reported in more than 1% of patients ...
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- 同
- ipratropium with albuterol