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as a matter of instinct; "he instinctively grabbed the knife"

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本能的に
本能的な,天性の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/25 07:59:07」(JST)

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1. 性別に違和感を持つ小児や青年の性・性意識の発達と臨床症状 gender development and clinical presentation of gender nonconformity in children and adolescents

English Journal

Pleasure seeking and the aspect of longing for an object in perversion. A neuropsychoanalytical perspective.

Berner W, Briken P.SourceUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
American journal of psychotherapy.Am J Psychother.2012;66(2):129-50.
In modern psychiatric classifications the term paraphilia has replaced the term perversion by changing the scope of the definitions from avoided procreation to failures of relationship-aspects of sexuality. Contemporary psychoanalysts also seem less interested in pleasure seeking aspects, which were
PMID 22876526

Social biases determine spatiotemporal sparseness of ciliate mating heuristics.

Clark KB.AbstractCiliates become highly social, even displaying animal-like qualities, in the joint presence of aroused conspecifics and nonself mating pheromones. Pheromone detection putatively helps trigger instinctual and learned courtship and dominance displays from which social judgments are made about the availability, compatibility, and fitness representativeness or likelihood of prospective mates and rivals. In earlier studies, I demonstrated the heterotrich Spirostomum ambiguum improves mating competence by effecting preconjugal strategies and inferences in mock social trials via behavioral heuristics built from Hebbian-like associative learning. Heuristics embody serial patterns of socially relevant action that evolve into ordered, topologically invariant computational networks supporting intra- and intermate selection. S. ambiguum employs heuristics to acquire, store, plan, compare, modify, select, and execute sets of mating propaganda. One major adaptive constraint over formation and use of heuristics involves a ciliate's initial subjective bias, responsiveness, or preparedness, as defined by Stevens' Law of subjective stimulus intensity, for perceiving the meaningfulness of mechanical pressures accompanying cell-cell contacts and additional perimating events. This bias controls durations and valences of nonassociative learning, search rates for appropriate mating strategies, potential net reproductive payoffs, levels of social honesty and deception, successful error diagnosis and correction of mating signals, use of insight or analysis to solve mating dilemmas, bioenergetics expenditures, and governance of mating decisions by classical or quantum statistical mechanics. I now report this same social bias also differentially affects the spatiotemporal sparseness, as measured with metric entropy, of ciliate heuristics. Sparseness plays an important role in neural systems through optimizing the specificity, efficiency, and capacity of memory representations. The present findings indicate sparseness performs a similar function in single aneural cells by tuning the size and density of encoded computational architectures useful for decision making in social contexts.
Communicative & integrative biology.Commun Integr Biol.2012 Jan 1;5(1):3-11.
Ciliates become highly social, even displaying animal-like qualities, in the joint presence of aroused conspecifics and nonself mating pheromones. Pheromone detection putatively helps trigger instinctual and learned courtship and dominance displays from which social judgments are made about the avai
PMID 22482001

Acute consciousness disorders in intensive care medicine - value of its grading for prognostic conclusion.

Sániová B, Drobný M, Drobná E, Matloobi A.SourceDepartment of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine and Clinic of Neurology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, University Hospital Martin, Armed Forces Academy of General M. R. Štefánik, Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovak Republic. saniova@jfmed.uniba.sk
Neuro endocrinology letters.Neuro Endocrinol Lett.2012;33(2):167-76.
OBJECTIVES: To understand consciousness we have to understand the mechanism of its function, which is to effectively organize sensory inputs from our environment. Consciousness is the basic, essential outcome of the process of organizing these sensory inputs, resulting in cognitive, mental, emotiona
PMID 22592197