impromptu

　 　 　

WordNet

1. a short musical passage that seems to have been made spontaneously without advance preparation
2. an extemporaneous speech or remark; "a witty impromptu must not sound premeditated"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 準備なしに,即席に(offhand) / 準備なしの,即席の / 即席演説(演奏),即興詩,即興曲

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/09/06 22:45:14」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

For other uses, see Impromptu (disambiguation).

An impromptu (/ɪmˈprɒmptjuː/, French: [ɛ̃prɔ̃pty], loosely meaning "offhand") is a free-form musical composition with the character of an ex tempore improvisation as if prompted by the spirit of the moment, usually for a solo instrument, such as piano. According to Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, Johann Baptist Cramer began publishing piano pieces under the (sub-)title of "impromptu." (AMZ, Mar. No II, 1815, col. 6), which seems to be the first recorded use of the term impromptu in this sense.

Form usage

Since the very concept of unpremeditated, spur-of-the-moment inspiration without studied care is at the heart of Romantic artistic theory, it did not take long before the first generation of Romantic composers took up the idea. Others were:

• Jan Václav Voříšek was the first one to compose impromptus published under that title, in 1822.
• Franz Schubert published two sets of four Impromptus for piano op. 90 and 142 (1827). After his death 3 more unnamed piano compositions (Klavierstücke) were sometimes named Impromptus.
• Frédéric Chopin composed 4 Impromptus, including the famous Fantaisie-Impromptu.
• Robert Schumann wrote some Impromptus, published as Op. 5.
• Franz Liszt composed an Impromptu in F sharp (sometimes called Nocturne) and a piano piece named Valse-Impromptu.
• Alexander Scriabin is known to have written at least nine impromptus for the piano in his early period.
• Jean Sibelius composed six impromptus for piano op. 5 (1893)

The impromptu genre remained popular all throughout the 19th century.

In the 20th century, there are also several examples of composers naming their compositions "Impromptu", such as:

• Gabriel Fauré composing six Impromptus between 1881 and 1913.
• Richard Rodney Bennett composing five Impromptus for guitar in 1968
• Maurice Journeau composing six Impromptus between 1971 and 1974.
• Donald Martino composing Fantasies and Impromptu in 1980.
• Nikolai Kapustin composing four Impromptus between 1991 and 1997.
• Lowell Liebermann composing Three Impromptus Op.68 in 2000 and Two Impromptus Op.131 in 2016.
• Vince Mendoza's Epiphany, performed by the London Symphony Orchestra and published in 1999. The first piece of the album is named Impromptu.
• One of Queen's compositions, performed at Wembley Stadium and other performances is named Impromptu.

English Journal

• Aversive eye gaze during a speech in virtual environment in patients with social anxiety disorder.

• Kim H1, Shin JE1, Hong YJ2, Shin YB2, Shin YS3, Han K4, Kim JJ2, Choi SH1,5.
• The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry.Aust N Z J Psychiatry.2017 Jun 1:4867417714335. doi: 10.1177/0004867417714335. [Epub ahead of print]
• PMID 28610445

• The relationship between dorsolateral prefrontal activation and speech performance-based social anxiety using functional near infrared spectroscopy.

• Glassman LH1,2,3, Kuster AT4, Shaw JA5, Forman EM5, Izzetoglu M5, Matteucci A5, Herbert JD5.
• Brain imaging and behavior.Brain Imaging Behav.2017 Jun;11(3):797-807. doi: 10.1007/s11682-016-9554-1.
• PMID 27180247

• On the context dependency of implicit self-esteem in social anxiety disorder.

• Hiller TS1, Steffens MC2, Ritter V3, Stangier U4.
• Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry.J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry.2017 May 5;57:118-125. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.05.005. [Epub ahead of print]
• PMID 28511035

• Ethical problems in an era where disasters have become a part of daily life: A qualitative study of healthcare workers in Turkey.

• Civaner MM1, Vatansever K2, Pala K3.
• PloS one.PLoS One.2017 Mar 20;12(3):e0174162. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174162. eCollection 2017.
• PMID 28319151

Japanese Journal

• ショパンの即興曲における表現手法

• 山口芸術短期大学研究紀要 47, 1-11, 2015
• NAID 40020427678

• 一分間即興スピーキングの効用に関する調査・研究 : ソフトウエアAudacityを用いて

• 広島外国語教育研究 (18), 153-164, 2015
• NAID 120005572685

• 教師のリヴォイシングにおける即興的思考― 話し合いに対する信念に着目した授業談話とインタビューにおける語りの検討

• 質的心理学研究 = Japanese journal of qualitative psychology (13), 134-154, 2014
• NAID 40020440713

• Evaluating Demand Change Following the Development of a Bicycle-Friendly Environment

• Asian Transport Studies 3(1), 81-94, 2014
• NAID 130004965123

Related Links

• Impromptu - definition of impromptu by The Free Dictionary

He had hardly returned from the marquee with the prize in his hand, when it began to be understood that Wiry Ben proposed to amuse the company, before the gentry went to dinner, with an impromptu and gratuitous performance ...

• impromptuの意味・用例｜英辞郎 on the WEB：アルク

impromptu 【名】即興曲[演奏・演説・詩] 【形】即興の、即席の、準備[用意]... - アルクがお届けする進化するオンライン英和・和英辞書データベース。一般的な単語や連語から、イディオム、専門用語、スラングまで幅広く収録。

• Impromptu | Define Impromptu at Dictionary.com

Impromptu definition, made or done without previous preparation: an impromptu address to the unexpected crowds. See more. ... The iron rod is set up in front of the doorway, a wick and oil are placed in the cup, and the impromptu lamp is lighted.

Related Pictures