WordNet

remove the charge from
a substance that is emitted or released (同)emission
any of several bodily processes by which substances go out of the body; "the discharge of pus" (同)emission, expelling
electrical conduction through a gas in an applied electric field (同)spark, arc, electric arc, electric_discharge
the act of discharging a gun (同)firing, firing off
the act of venting (同)venting
the pouring forth of a fluid (同)outpouring, run
the sudden giving off of energy
release from military service (同)muster out
pour forth or release; "discharge liquids"
a health facility where patients receive treatment (同)infirmary
a medical institution where sick or injured people are given medical or surgical care
having lost your job (同)dismissed, fired, laid-off, pink-slipped

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈船〉‘の'『荷を降ろす』;(積荷・客を)〈船〉‘から'降ろす《+『名』〈船〉+『of』+『名』〈荷〉》;(船から)〈積荷・客〉‘を'降ろす《+『名』〈荷〉+『from』+『名』〈船〉》 / (…に)…‘を'『発射する』《+『名』+『at』(『into』)+『名』》 / 〈煙・液体〉‘を'『出す』,排出する / (…から)〈人〉‘を'解放する,‘に'行くことを許す《+『名』〈人〉+『from』+『名』》 / (仕事から)〈人〉‘を'解雇する,くびにする《+『名』〈人〉+『from』+『名』》 / 〈職務・義務・約束など〉‘を'果たす,遂行する(fulfill) / 〈借金〉‘を'返済する,支払う(pay) / 〈電池など〉‘から'放電する / 〈船が〉『荷を降ろす』,荷揚げする / 〈水などが〉流れ出る,注ぐ,流出する / 〈鉄砲などが〉発射される / 放電する / 〈U〉『荷降ろし』,荷揚げ / 〈C〉発砲,発射 / 〈C〉『放出』,流出,排出;排出物 / 〈U〉解任,退出,解雇;解放,釈放 / 〈U〉(職務・義務などの)『遂行』,履行 / 〈U〉(負債の)『返済』,弁済 / 〈C〉〈U〉(電気の)放電
『病院』

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/09/26 23:38:43」(JST)

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Inpatient care is the care of patients whose condition requires admission to a hospital. Progress in modern medicine and the advent of comprehensive out-patient clinics ensure that patients are only admitted to a hospital when they are extremely ill or are have severe physical trauma.

Progress

Patients enter inpatient care mainly from previous ambulatory care such as referral from a family doctor, or through emergency medicine departments. The patient formally becomes an "inpatient" at the writing of an admission note.

Likewise, it is formally ended by writing a discharge note.

Planning for patient discharge

Healthcare professionals involved in rehabilitation are often involved in discharge planning for patients. When considering patient discharge, there are a number of factors to take into consideration: the patient's current state, their place of residence and the type of support available. When considering the patient's current state, although the patient may be eligible for discharge it is important to examine factors such as the likelihood of re-injury to avoid higher health care costs. Patients' homes should also be visited and examined before they are discharged from the hospital to determine any immediate challenges and corresponding goals, adaptations and assistive devices that need to be implemented. Follow-up appointments should also be coordinated with the patient prior to discharge to monitor the patient's progress as well as any potential complications that may have arisen.^[1]

History

Inpatient care goes back to 230 BC in India where Ashoka the Great founded 18 hospitals. The Romans also adopted the concept of inpatient care by building a specialized temple for sick patients in 291 AD on the island of Tiber.

It is believed the first inpatient care in North America was provided by the Spanish in the Dominican Republic in 1502; the Hospital de Jesús Nazareno in Mexico City was founded in 1524 and is still providing inpatient care.

Perhaps the most famous provider of inpatient care was Florence Nightingale who was the leading advocate for improving medical care in the mid-19th century.

Ms. Nightingale received notoriety during the Crimean War where she and 38 women volunteer nurses traveled to Crimea to treat wounded soldiers. During her first winter at the hospital 4077 soldiers died in the hospital there. She would use this experience to change the course of inpatient care by focusing on improving sanitary conditions and better living conditions within the hospital.

Florence Nightingale became known as "The Lady with the Lamp" and is still considered the founder of modern nursing. The Nightingale School of Nursing continues today and her image is the one depicted each year on nurses' day.

Hospitalist medicine

The original model for inpatient care required a family physician to admit a patient and then make rounds and manage the patient's care during their hospital stay. That model is rapidly being replaced by hospitalist medicine a term first used by Dr. Robert Wachter in an article written for the New England Journal of Medicine in 1996.

The concept of hospitalist medicine provides around the clock inpatient care from physicians whose sole practice is the hospital itself. They work with the community of primary care physicians to provide inpatient care and transition patients back to the care of their primary care provider upon discharge. Using this approach, primary care physicians are no longer required to make rounds or be on call.

Today, hospitalist medicine is the fastest growing segment of medicine and is being adopted by hospitals worldwide for inpatient care.

References

^ O'Sullivan, Susan (2007). "Physical Rehabilitation", p.60, 512, 720. F.A. Davis, Philadelphia. ISBN 0-8036-1247-8

Wachter R, Goldman L (1996). "The emerging role of "hospitalists" in the American healthcare system. N Engl J Med 335 (7): 514-7. doi:10.1056/NEJM199608153350713 PMID 8672160

UpToDate Contents

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1. 退院および再入院 hospital discharge and readmission
2. 高齢者の病院でのマネージメント hospital management of older adults
3. 高リスク新生児の退院計画 discharge planning for high risk newborns
4. 包括的老年医学的評価 comprehensive geriatric assessment
5. 早産児における成長マネージメント growth management in preterm infants

English Journal

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in critically ill children: clinical value of two lists of diagnostic criteria.

Villeneuve A1, Joyal JS1, Proulx F1, Ducruet T1, Poitras N1, Lacroix J2.
Annals of intensive care.Ann Intensive Care.2016 Dec;6(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s13613-016-0144-6. Epub 2016 Apr 29.
BACKGROUND: Two sets of diagnostic criteria of paediatric multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) were published by Proulx in 1996 and by Goldstein in 2005. We hypothesized that this changes the epidemiology of MODS. Thus, we determined the epidemiology of MODS, according to these two sets of dia
PMID 27130424

Hemodynamic monitoring in the era of digital health.

Michard F1.
Annals of intensive care.Ann Intensive Care.2016 Dec;6(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s13613-016-0119-7. Epub 2016 Feb 17.
Digital innovations are changing medicine, and hemodynamic monitoring will not be an exception. Five to ten years from now, we can envision a world where clinicians will learn hemodynamics with simulators and serious games, will monitor patients with wearable or implantable sensors in the hospital a
PMID 26885656

Elevated C-reactive protein levels at ICU discharge as a predictor of ICU outcome: a retrospective cohort study.

Gülcher SS1,2, Bruins NA3, Kingma WP4, Boerma EC5.
Annals of intensive care.Ann Intensive Care.2016 Dec;6(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s13613-016-0105-0. Epub 2016 Jan 13.
BACKGROUND: Before discharging a patient from the ICU, an adequate patient evaluation is needed to detect individuals as high risk for unfavorable outcome. A pro- or anti-inflammatory status is a potential risk factor for an adverse outcome, and elevated CRP concentrations have shown to correlate wi
PMID 26759223

Japanese Journal

Nursing practice supporting the transition of technology-dependent children from hospital to home

Kanaizumi Shiomi,金泉志保美
The Kitakanto medical journal = 北関東医学 63(3), 199-208, 2013-08-01
… Systematic studies about nursing practice during the transition of technology-dependent children from hospital to home are very limited in Japan. … This study explored the nursing practice supporting the transition of technology-dependent children from hospital to home. … Data were collected via semi-structured interviews from 15 nurses in three different settings:nurses of inpatient pediatric units;nurse discharge coordinators;and home care nurses. …
NAID 120005315268

受傷後短時間で著明な血小板減少を来したマムシ咬傷の1例

上田晃志郎,瀬山厚司,尼崎陽太郎,平田健,井口智浩,守田知明
山口医学 62(2), 105-109, 2013-05-01
… On the 80th hospital day, she discharge form the hospital. …
NAID 120005246413

回復期病院における急性期病院からの転入患者の特性と退院先　―自宅退院と施設退院の患者特性の比較―

齊田綾子,飯田苗恵,鈴木美雪,大澤幸枝,牛久保美津子,Saida Ayako,Iida Mitsue,Suzuki Miyuki,Osawa Yukie,Ushikubo Mitsuko
The Kitakanto medical journal 63(2), 109-117, 2013-05-01
【目的】標準的な二次医療圏の回復期病院における急性期病院からの転入患者の特性と退院先を明確にし,地域完結型医療を推進するための示唆を得る.【対象と方法】 2007年度の転入患者 265人の診療記録の遡及調査を行い,記述統計および退院先により比較検討した.【結果】対象者は平均 76.5歳,脳血管疾患 47.1％で, 41.6％が入院後に介護保険を申請, 91.3％に退院調整がされた.退院先は 40. …
NAID 120005231542