holograph

　

WordNet

1. written wholly in the handwriting of the signer; "a holographic will"
2. written entirely in ones own hand; "holographic document" (同)holographical
3. of or relating to holography or holograms
4. the branch of optics that deals with the use of coherent light from a laser in order to make a hologram that can then be used to create a three-dimensional image

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 自筆の / 自筆の書類(文書)
2. 自筆書類の
3. レーザー写真術

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/09/11 16:44:30」(JST)

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Not to be confused with Holography.

A holograph is a document written entirely in the handwriting of the person whose signature it bears. Some countries (e.g. France) or local jurisdictions within certain countries (e.g. some U.S. states) give legal standing to specific types of holographic documents, generally waiving requirements that they be witnessed. One of the most important types of such documents are holographic last wills.

Holographic instrument

The expansion of the concept of holographic, or handwritten documents must include a discussion of the effectiveness of a document in accomplishing its intended purpose. Print media came into being as a solution to the problem of the sluggish and ponderous task of transcribing written materials by hand. Printing enabled rapid construction, compilation and production of written material and provided a means for the revolutionary concept of dissemination of copies of written material.

The intrinsic value of employing the handwritten word in creating a document is that the authorship of handwritten documents is able to be authenticated by handwriting comparison with samples of the author's other writings or by recognition by witnesses familiar with the handwriting style and characteristics of the author. This valuable quality of proof of authorship maintains to this day the primacy of the hand-written document where it was required, by law or by necessity, to have authenticity and verifiable provenance or origin of the document.

The last will

Of particular importance to law and society was to have the ultimate document requiring authenticity—a last will and testament—retain its authenticity, thereby accomplishing its author's intended purpose: that of making a valid, indisputable disposition of the author's real property, personal assets and wishes or declarations, at the time of his or her death.

The rule for creating a minimally acceptable "holographic" will has been agreed upon: to be indisputably without edit or revision by an outsider (other than the author), absolutely no mechanically printed material must be contained in the document. It must not be typeset, typewritten, mechanically printed or scribed by any means other than by the hand of the original author. This rule does not, however, apply to non-material terms of the will. As a result, so-called "form wills" purchased at stationery stores can constitute legally valid holographic wills provided that their material terms are completed solely in the testator's handwriting.

The will must be dated at the time of its writing, so that it can be compared (visually, forensically) with documents originating from the same author at other times, such as an earlier will (which might be intended by its author to be withdrawn or revoked by a later written will).

To be effective as a testamentary document, a "holographic" will must be signed by its author. Unlike a typewritten or word-processed "formal" will, where usually two disinterested witnesses are required to attest to the author's signing or "execution" of the document, a holographic will does not require any witnessing or notarization (an accepted form of witnessed certification of authenticity) in order to be a proper and valid testamentary instrument (document) having full legal force and effect.

See also

• Autograph
• Hologram

English Journal

• Parallel two-step phase-shifting digital holograph microscopy based on a grating pair.

• Gao P1, Yao B, Harder I, Min J, Guo R, Zheng J, Ye T.
• Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis.2011 Mar 1;28(3):434-40. doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.28.000434.
• An optical configuration for parallel two-step phase-shifting digital holographic microscopy (DHM) based on a grating pair is proposed for the purpose of real-time phase microscopy. Orthogonally circularly polarized object and reference waves are diffracted twice by a pair of gratings, and two paral
• PMID 21383826

• Samuel Butler and human long term memory: is the cupboard bare?

• Forsdyke DR1.
• Journal of theoretical biology.J Theor Biol.2009 May 7;258(1):156-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.01.028. Epub 2009 Feb 6.
• Memory studies in biological systems distinguish three informational processes that are generally sequential--production/acquisition, storage, and retrieval/use. Identification of DNA as a storage form for hereditary information accelerated progress in that field. Assuming the path of successful elu
• PMID 19490862

• Medical reasons for retrospective challenges of testamentary capacity.

• Jovanović AA1, Jovović S, Milovanović S, Jasović-Gasić M.
• Psychiatria Danubina.Psychiatr Danub.2008 Dec;20(4):485-93.
• OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to establish the morbidity structure among testators whose wills were challenged as well as to reveal if there is a specific relationship between certain diagnostic categories in the testators' health status and forensic psychiatry expert opinion on testamentary
• PMID 19011589

Japanese Journal

• 天皇の「御拝」について : 霊元院宸筆御記録を基として (第六十四回学術大会 霊山・修験道の展開と神社) -- (第一部会)

• 宍戸 忠男
• 神道宗教 (224), 123-125, 2011-10
• NAID 40019474789

• パネル周辺部の音響インテンシティ測定

• 山田 和幸,柴山 秀雄
• 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. EA, 応用音響 103(501), 21-26, 2003-12-13
• 音響処理が施されていない部屋に存在している多くの物から反射した音波によって生成される音場は複雑になる.反射や吸音は材料表面で起きているが,反射係数は主に物体の大きさや形状に依存している.音響特性の多くは音響インテンシティ法や音響ホログラフィ法を用いることにより視覚的に実証できる.音響インテンシティ法は遮音壁の音響特性を効果的に測定できるので,アルミニューム,合板や金属製の吸音材で製作したパネル遮音 …
• NAID 110003283864

• ペン字・書道の次世代遠隔教育システムの設計と文字の自動評価法に関する一考察

• 黒岩 利昭,鈴木 雅人,山下 静雨 [他],市村 洋,酒井 三四郎
• 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. ET, 教育工学 101(706), 31-38, 2002-03-01
• 近年,インターネット・マルチメディアを用いた遠隔教育の研究が盛んに行われている.これらの遠隔教育では,科学・技術教育などの左脳教育を対象としたものがほとんどであり,芸術などの右脳教育を対象とした研究はあまり行なわれていない.我々は,ペン字・書道を一例として取り上げ,次世代遠隔教育システムの設計を行っている.本稿では,設計した次世代遠隔教育システムの概要について述べる.また,このシステムにおいて弟子 …
• NAID 110003202048

Related Links

• Holograph - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A holograph is a document written entirely in the handwriting of the person whose signature it bears. Some countries (e.g. France) or local jurisdictions within certain countries (e.g. some U.S. states) give legal standing to specific types of ...

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