WordNet

(genetics) an organism or cell having a chromosome number that is not an even multiple of the haploid chromosome number for that species
having a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the haploid number
the condition of being heteroploid

English Journal

Emergence of apospory and bypass of meiosis via apomixis after sexual hybridisation and polyploidisation.

Hojsgaard D1, Greilhuber J, Pellino M, Paun O, Sharbel TF, Hörandl E.
The New phytologist.New Phytol.2014 Jul 31. doi: 10.1111/nph.12954. [Epub ahead of print]
Hybridisation and polyploidy are major forces contributing to plant speciation. Homoploid (2x) and heteroploid (3x) hybrids, however, represent critical stages for evolution due to disturbed meiosis and reduced fertility. Apomixis - asexual reproduction via seeds - can overcome hybrid sterility, but
PMID 25081588

The heterogenic final cell cycle of chicken retinal Lim1 horizontal cells is not regulated by the DNA damage response pathway.

Shirazi Fard S1, All-Ericsson C2, Hallböök F1.
Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.).Cell Cycle.2014 Feb 1;13(3):408-17. doi: 10.4161/cc.27200. Epub 2013 Nov 18.
Cells with aberrations in chromosomal ploidy are normally removed by apoptosis. However, aneuploid neurons have been shown to remain functional and active both in the cortex and in the retina. Lim1 horizontal progenitor cells in the chicken retina have a heterogenic final cell cycle, producing some
PMID 24247150

Phylogenomics of fescue grass-derived fungal endophytes based on selected nuclear genes and the mitochondrial gene complement.

Ekanayake PN, Rabinovich M, Guthridge KM, Spangenberg GC, Forster JW1, Sawbridge TI.
BMC evolutionary biology.BMC Evol Biol.2013 Dec 12;13:270. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-13-270.
BACKGROUND: Tall fescue and meadow fescue are important as temperate pasture grasses, forming mutualistic associations with asexual Neotyphodium endophytes. The most frequently identified endophyte of Continental allohexaploid tall fescue is Neotyphodium coenophialum, while representatives of two ot
PMID 24330497

徳元正和,田部井豊,萱野暁明 [他],屋宏典,岩崎公典,知念功
園芸学会雑誌 69(2), 195-201, 2000-03-15
開花前の子房から胚珠を摘出し各種のサイトカイニン, オーキシン, ジベレリンを含む培地で培養を行った結果, ジベレリン混合物(GA_380%以上, GA_1+GA_4約10%, GA_2+GA_7微量)およびGA_3を含む培地の暗黒培養で不定胚誘導が認められた.サイトカイニンおよびオーキシンを含む培地では不定胚誘導は見られなかった.また, 各種のジベレリンを含む培地で未受精胚珠を暗黒培養すると, …
NAID 110001816379

小山朗夫
日本蠶絲學雜誌 66(3), 200-206, 1997-06-28
… From chromosome observation, it was found that diploid, triploid, tetraploid and heteroploid coexisted among the seedlings obtained by artificial crossing of triploid×diploid. … This finding indicates that tetraploid is suitable as a polyploidy breeding material and heteroploid, especially trisomic, is useful for genetic analysis. …
NAID 10010951094