henchman

　

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1. 犯罪者グループの一員,ギャングの一員 / (政治上の)無節操な支持者,取り巻き / 信頼されている部下,腹心

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/07/20 23:17:53」(JST)

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"Robin Shoots with Sir Guy" by Louis Rhead. Illustration to Bold Robin Hood and His Outlaw Band: Their Famous Exploits in Sherwood Forest: Guy of Gisbourne acts as the Sheriff of Nottingham's henchman

Henchman referred originally to one who attended on a horse for his employer, that is, a horse groom. Hence, like constable and marshal, also originally stable staff, henchman became the title of a subordinate official in a royal court or noble household. It is now used to generally describe any person with subordinate status derisively, while most often used specifically to a hired guard or minion of a villain or master criminal.

Etymology

The first part of the word, which is recorded in English since 1360, comes from the Old English hengest, meaning "horse", notably stallion, cognates of which also occur in many Germanic languages, such as Old Frisian, German and Dutch hengst. The word appears in the name of Hengest, the Saxon chieftain, and still survives in English in placenames and other names beginning with Hingst- or Hinx-. It was often rendered as Henxman in medieval English.

Young henchmen, in fact pages of honour or squires, rode or walked at the side of their master in processions and the like, and appear in the English royal household from the 14th century until Tudor Queen Elizabeth I abolished the royal henchmen, known also as the children of honour.

The word became obsolete for grooms in English from the middle of the 17th century, but was retained in Scots as "personal attendant of a Highland chief". It was revived in English by way of the novelist Sir Walter Scott, who took the word and its derivation, according to the New English Dictionary, from Edward Burt's Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland, together with its erroneous derivation from haunch. The word is, in this sense, synonymous with gillie, the faithful personal follower of a Highland chieftain, the man who stands at his master's haunch, ready for any emergency.

The modern sense of "obedient or unscrupulous follower" is first recorded 1839, probably based on a misunderstanding of the word as used by Scott, and is often used to describe an out-and-out adherent or partisan, ready to do anything.

In popular culture

Henchmen (occasionally henchlings) are common in mystery, fantasy, adventure comic books, and adventure novels and movies. They are the expendable adherents of the main villain, always there to do the master's bidding, to kill or be killed, kidnap, or threaten, as needed. Often, they are killed by the hero before the master villain is reached, by the hero's sidekick in a dramatic battle, or even by the master villain as punishment for failure to comply with orders. They also may switch sides during the course of the story to ally with the hero. Alternatively, they may be forgotten in the heat of the climax when the master villain is defeated, then killed when they reappear in the denouement for one last scare or even promoted to master villain for a sequel.

Henchmen are often abused and insulted by the villain for their incompetence, or for his pleasure; indeed, some abused henchmen take revenge after the villain's final defeat at the hero's hands, so that the henchman rather than the hero actually kills the villain. Henchmen in this sense are also sometimes called lackeys, toadies, or mooks (with the latter term more often used for lesser minions of the villain).

Not all henchmen are dimwitted, expendable employees of a villain. Sometimes, they may be of an equal social standing or at least have a high intelligence or social standing of their own, thus being valued more like a right hand man. In such cases, they may command groups of more expendable thugs. This is common in ensemble casts where often the leading villain remains behind the scenes. Being granted a large amount of autonomy, intelligent henchmen often have their own agendas and may also covet the leading villain's position, and they often attempt to betray the villain in order to obtain it.

While the term is masculine, female henchmen are not unheard of. However, many of them typically serve only as the male villain's lover, rather than actively take part in the schemes. Usually, there is, instead, an additional male accomplice for the purpose of criminal business. A female accomplice is more often called a "moll."

In 2011, a parody website for the International Brotherhood of Minions & Henchpeople: Benevolent & Evil was launched.

A henchman might also be the non-player character follower of a player character in role-playing games. This henchman will follow the player around and assist in various manners.

In fiction, such heroic supporting characters are normally portrayed in a more positive light, tied to the hero by bonds of friendship and loyalty and are usually called sidekicks; the villain's supporters are called henchmen or minions because of their evil nature, which implies that such personal bonds are difficult to establish. However, some darkly comedic heroes have sidekicks of a more subservient nature; though these relationships are often a form of "tough love" or even just a condescending affection, the henchman is in this case usually known as a minion.

Henchman	Villain	Source
Alistair Smythe	The Kingpin	Spider-Man: The Animated Series
Allan	Rastapopoulos	The Adventures of Tintin
Allen O'Niel	General Morden	Metal Slug series
Alpha, Beta, Gamma and other dogs	Charles F. Muntz	Up
Amanda Young and Mark Hoffman	Jigsaw Killer	Saw franchise
Ardala Valdemar (reimagined as Princess Ardala for the 1979 Buck Rogers TV series)	Killer Kane	original Buck Rogers serials
Armand and Mr. Richards	B.J. Wert	Mannequin
Bane	Poison Ivy	Batman & Robin
Bitzy and Snitzy	Allegra the Crocodile	Episodes that feature Allegra in Animalia
Bob the Goon and Goons	The Joker	Batman
Boba Fett	Darth Vader	Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back
Boskov Bear, Major Dr. Ghastly and General Skarr	Hector Con Carne	Evil Con Carne
Bubba	Dr. Wasabi	Chop Socky Chooks
Buzz, Delete and Digit Note: Digit was a henchman until he escaped from his boss, The Hacker.	The Hacker	Cyberchase
Brian Freezer, Zizrar, Mittens and Albert	Wacko	Johnny Test
Captain Ginyu	Frieza	Dragon Ball Z
Card Soldiers and King of Hearts	Queen of Hearts	Alice in Wonderland
Chewy and Gooey	Stickybeard	Codename: Kids Next Door
Chi-Chi	Tony Montana	Scarface
Chip and Skip	Edward Platypus	Camp Lazlo
Cody and Harold	Heather	Total Drama World Tour
Darth Maul	Palpatine	Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace
Destro, The Baroness, Tomax and Xamot, Storm Shadow, Major Bludd, Zartan, Dreadnoks, Doctor Mindbender, Scrap-Iron, Firefly	Cobra Commander	G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero
Devi Devi	Piyoko/Pyocola Analogue	Panyo Panyo Di Gi Charat
Doctor N. Gin	Doctor Neo Cortex	Crash Bandicoot series
Doktor Frogg, Red Menace, Doomageddon and Henchbots	Voltar	League of Super Evil
Ducks	Mother Goose	Pet Squad
EPA agents	Russ Cargill	The Simpsons Movie
Escargoon	King DeDeDe	Kirby: Right Back at Ya!
Evil lyn, TrapJaw, Tri-clops, Beast Man, Mer Man	Skeletor	Masters of the Universe
Excel, Hyatt and Elgala	Il Palazzo	Excel Saga
Fidget, Thugs and Felicia	Professor Ratigan	The Great Mouse Detective
Flying Monkeys and Winkie Guards	Wicked Witch of the West	The Wizard of Oz
General Grievous	Count Dooku	Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith
General Klump & Krusha	King K Rool	Donkey Kong Country
General Klytus	Ming the Merciless	Flash Gordon (1980)
GIR	Zim	Invader Zim
GO-4	AUTO	WALL-E
Goblins	Jareth the Goblin King	Labyrinth
Grand Moff Tarkin	Darth Vader	Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope
Grem and Acer	Professor Z	Cars 2
Grover Dill	Scut Farkus	A Christmas Story
Gunter Penguin	Ice King	Adventure Time
Harley Quinn	The Joker	Batman: The Animated Series
Henchman #21 and Henchman #24	The Monarch	The Venture Bros.
Hugo	Victor	Victor and Hugo, Bunglers in Crime
Iago	Jafar	Aladdin
Ivan the Terrible, Napoleon Bonaparte, Al Capone	Kamunrah	Night at the Museum 2: Battle of the Smithsonian
Jango Fett	Count Dooku	Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones
Jara, Noxic, and Typhus	Vexor	Big Bad Beetleborgs
Jasper and Horace	Cruella De Vil	101 Dalmatians
Jessie, James, Meowth, Wobbuffet, Butch, Cassidy, Professor Namba, Tyson, Domino, Team Rocket Grunt Troopers	Giovanni	Pokémon
Kagura, Kanna, Hakudoshi	Naraku	Inuyasha
Kamek, The Koopalings, Bowser Jr.	Bowser	Mario series
Karen	Sheldon J. Plankton	SpongeBob SquarePants
Karen and Gretchen	Regina George	Mean Girls
Karl and Theo	Hans Gruber	Die Hard
Killer and the bad dogs	Carface	All Dogs Go to Heaven: The Series
Kroenen and Ilsa Haupstein	Rasputin	Hellboy
Killer Kane	Princess Ardala	Buck Rogers in the 25th Century (role reversal from the original 1930s Buck Rogers serials)
Klutzy the Crab	Herbert P. Bear	Club Penguin
Knuckles	Clavius the Magician	The Swan Princess II: Escape from Castle Mountain
Kodos	Kang	The Simpsons
Kronk Pepikrankenitz	Yzma	The Emperor's New Groove
Lawrence, Shadow Spirits and Voodoo Masks	Dr. Facilier	The Princess and the Frog
Lefou	Gaston	Beauty and the Beast
Leopold	Scary Gary	Scary Gary
Lickboot the Lawyer, Ferdinard the Dogskate	Aunt Figg	Tom and Jerry: The Movie
Lock, Shock and Barrel	Oogie Boogie	The Nightmare Before Christmas
Luca Brasi	Vito Corleone	The Godfather
Lucifer	Count Baltar	Battlestar Galactica
Marmosets	Nigel	Rio
Mary & the ACME Co-Workers	Mr. Chairman	Looney Tunes: Back in Action
Max	The Grinch	How the Grinch Stole Christmas
Megatron	The Fallen	Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen
Megavolt, Bushroot, Quackerjack, and Liquidator	Negaduck	Darkwing Duck
Meowlody and Purrsephone	Toralei Stripe	Monster High
Mini Audrey II Pod Offspring Plants	Audrey II	Little Shop of Horrors in the song "Mean Green Mother From Outer Space"
Mister Smee and the Pirate crew	Captain Hook	Peter Pan
Mohji, Cabaji, Richie, Alvida, Galdino	Buggy the Clown	One Piece
Mr. Chun and Mrs. Chun	Captain Bill Fawcett	The Pacifier
Mr. Willard Tweedy and the dogs	Mrs. Melisha Tweedy	Chicken Run
Muttley	Dick Dastardly	Wacky Races and Dastardly and Muttley in their Flying Machines
Muscle Man and Hive-Five Ghost	Benson	Regular Show
Mystique	Magneto	X-men films
Nazgûl	Sauron	The Lord of the Rings
No-Neck and Zitzy	Ken	Urban Vermin
Norm	Dr. Heinz Doofenshmirtz	Phineas and Ferb
Oddjob	Auric Goldfinger	Goldfinger
Otis	Lex Luthor	Superman: The Movie
Pain and Panic	Hades	Hercules (1997 film) and Hercules: The Animated Series
Pinky	Brain	Pinky & the Brain
Pinter	Dorkus	Planet Sheen
Piter De Vries	Vladimir Harkonnen	Dune
Possum Gator	Pack Bat	Sylvanian Families
Prince Lotor (Prince Sincline)	King Zarkon (Emperor Daibazaal)	Voltron: Defender of the Universe (Golion)
Private Public, Angry Scientist, and Plot Device	General Specific	Sheep in the Big City
RandomTask, Mini-Me, Frau Farbissina, Number 2, Scott Evil, Fat Bastard, GoldMember	Dr. Evil	Austin Powers series
Reccoa Londe & Sarah Zabiarov	Paptimus Scirocco	Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam
Rey Za Burrel	Gilbert Durandal	Gundam SEED Destiny
Roberto	Johan Liebert	Monster
Rocksteady and Bebop	The Shredder	Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles series
Samy Garvin	Lucius Henouis the VII	Jimmy Two-Shoes
Sauron	Morgoth	The Silmarillion
Scratch, Grounder, Coconuts, Sleet, Dingo, Decoe, Bocoe, Cubot and Orbot	Dr. Ivo "Eggman" Robotnik	Sonic the Hedgehog series
Shego	Doctor Drakken	Kim Possible
Shenzi, Banzai and Ed	Scar	The Lion King
Sheriff Rosco P. Coltrane, Enos Strate and Cletus Hogg	Boss Hogg	The Dukes of Hazzard
Shtarker	Siegfried	Get Smart
Skull Kid	Majora's Mask	The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask
Skullmandos	Skullossus	League of Super Evil
Slinkman	Scoutmaster Lumpus	Camp Lazlo
Smiley and George/Todd	Professor Moriarty	Sherlock Hound
Spicer Lovejoy	Caledon Hockley	Titanic (1997 film)
Spike and Whitey	The Toad	Flushed Away
Squatt and Baboo, Goldar, Finster, Scorpina, and the Putty Patrol	Rita Repulsa	Mighty Morphin Power Rangers
Staff Officer Black, General Blue, General White, General Copper	Commander Red	Dragon Ball
Starscream and other Decepticons	Megatron	Transformers
Starscream, Soundwave, Shockwave and other Decepticons	Megatron	The Transformers (TV series)
Stinkbert	Strut	Turbo Dogs
Sugar and Spice	Two-Face	Batman Forever
Sykes and Kramer	Dr. Claw	Inspector Gadget (1999 film)
The dogs	Napoleon	Animal Farm
The four Crows, the Peddler, the Subway's monsters, Poppy-Girls and the Winged Monkeys	Evillene	The Wiz
The Pigs	Cyril Sneer	The Raccoons
The Ruffians	Professor Pester	Viva Pinata
The Stabbington Brothers	Mother Gothel	Tangled
The Venom army	Andross	Star Fox 64
The Wickersham Brothers and Vlad Vladikof	Sour Kangaroo	Horton Hears a Who!
Toon Patrol	Judge Doom	Who Framed Roger Rabbit
Travis	Servalan	Blake's 7
Twinrova	Ganondorf	The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time
Tyrone	Pablo	The Backyardigans (Race to the Tower of Power/Garbage Trek/Break Out)
Unnamed and Charlie	Dr. Two-Brains	WordGirl series
Walt, Larry, and Igner	Mom	Futurama
Walter Boggis, Nathan Bunce, Mrs. Bean, and Rat	Franklin Bean	Fantastic Mr. Fox
Wart, Mole, Mepps & Snout	Fat Cat	Chip & Dale's Rescue Rangers
Waylon Smithers, Crusher and Lowblow	Montgomery Burns	The Simpsons
Wendell	Happy Chapman	Garfield (film)
Weyoun	Female Changeling	Star Trek: Deep Space Nine
Wolf Boss	Lord Shen	Kung Fu Panda 2
Xerxes the Eel	Mozenrath	Aladdin
Xigbar, Xaldin, Saïx, Demyx, Luxord	Xemnas	Kingdom Hearts II
Zant and King Bulblin	Ganondorf	The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess
Zarbon and Dodoria	Freeza	Dragon Ball Z

Modern examples

The phrase henchman is also used as a pejorative for any sort of political underling or to present others as such. Thus it was is used for associates of President George W. Bush, e.g. by Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez. Likewise, it was also used against associates of the former U.S. President Bill Clinton. Rebekah Brooks has been described as the henchwoman of Rupert Murdoch.

Members of the SS, or any of Adolf Hitler's staff, are often called "Hitler's Henchmen", a phrase used as the title of a book by Guido Knopp and a television documentary.

Popular Culture

International Union of Minions and Henchpeople: Benevolent and Evil

The lore of the henchman (or henchperson, as today's political correctness has named them) has been embraced by a variety of organizations. In particular, The International Union of Minions and Henchpeople: Benevolent and Evil allows self-proclaimed "henchpeople" to join and share in the fun.

See also

• Igor (fictional character)
• Sidekick
• Nodwick
• Minion (disambiguation)

References

Sources

• EtymologyOnLine
•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

English Journal

• Topological hydrogen-bond definition to characterize the structure and dynamics of liquid water.

• Henchman RH, Irudayam SJ.SourceManchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom. henchman@manchester.ac.uk
• The journal of physical chemistry. B.J Phys Chem B.2010 Dec 23;114(50):16792-810. Epub 2010 Nov 29.
• A definition that equates a hydrogen bond topologically with a local energy well in the potential energy surface is used to study the structure and dynamics of liquid water. We demonstrate the robustness of this hydrogen-bond definition versus the many other definitions which use fixed, arbitrary pa
• PMID 21114302

• Solvation theory to provide a molecular interpretation of the hydrophobic entropy loss of noble-gas hydration.

• Irudayam SJ, Henchman RH.SourceManchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
• Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal.J Phys Condens Matter.2010 Jul 21;22(28):284108. Epub 2010 Jun 21.
• An equation for the chemical potential of a dilute aqueous solution of noble gases is derived in terms of energies, force and torque magnitudes, and solute and water coordination numbers, quantities which are all measured from an equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation. Also derived are equations
• PMID 21399280

Japanese Journal

• 使役的他動詞文の成立条件 : 語用論的な条件の検討を中心に

• 鈴木 容子,スズキ ヨウコ,Suzuki Yoko
• 広島大学大学院教育学研究科紀要. 第二部, 文化教育開発関連領域 (56), 217-225, 2007-12-28
• … (The mafia boss killed the security guard=The mafia boss made/ordered the henchman to kill the security guard)). …
• NAID 120000875979

Related Links

• henchmanの意味 - 英和辞典 Weblio辞書

2011年5月2日 ... henchmanの意味や和訳。 【名詞】【可算名詞】(《複数形》 音節‐men 発音記号/‐m?n/) 1a信頼できる部下.b(ギャングの)子分，取り巻き.2(政治上の)後援者. - 約487万語ある 英和辞典・和英辞典。発音・イディオムも分かる英語辞書。

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