WordNet
- rum cut with water
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (疲れたり,酒に酔ったりして)ふらつく,ふらふらの
- グログ酒(ラム酒など強い酒を水で割った飲料) / 強い酒
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/10/13 16:59:21」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Sleep inertia is a physiological state characterised by a decline in motor dexterity and a subjective feeling of grogginess immediately following an abrupt awakening. The impaired alertness may interfere with the ability to perform mental or physical tasks.[1][2] Sleep inertia can also refer to the tendency of a person wanting to return to sleep.
Sleep inertia occurs normally after awakening. Upon awakening in the morning, subjective alertness and mental performance are significantly impaired.[3] Morning sleep inertia takes two to four hours to dissipate completely, though subjects may function adequately before that time.
Contents
- 1 Factors
- 2 Cause
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Factors
Studies by the Human Factors Division at NASA Ames Research Center have shown that a variety of factors influence the severity and duration of sleep inertia.[4] These include:
- Depth of sleep when awakened. After roughly 10–30 minutes, the brain enters into slow-wave sleep.[5] Being awakened during this stage yields more sleep inertia than awakening from other stages of sleep. However, since one cannot predict accurately the stages of sleep that will occur within a nap, there is no physiological reason to try to limit the length of a nap. When one is sleep deprived, any sleep is good.
- Timing of sleep. Sleep inertia is thought to be related to the phase of the body's circadian rhythm.[6] Sleep inertia in terms of a serial addition task had a strong circadian rhythm.[7] "Sleep inertia is the impaired cognitive performance immediately upon awakening, which decays over tens of minutes. This phenomenon has relevance to people who need to make important decisions soon after awakening, such as on-call emergency workers."
- Chemical influences. Drugs such as caffeine can suppress the effect of sleep inertia, possibly by blocking adenosine receptors in the brain. Sustained low-dose caffeine was examined as a sleep inertia countermeasure during the last 66 hours of an 88-hour period of wakefulness that included seven two-hour naps. Lapses in attention were examined after awakening from naps. Performance was impaired significantly in the placebo condition but not with caffeine, and caffeine had only modest effects on nap sleep structure.[8]
Reaction time performance is directly related to sleep stage at awakening; persons awakened during the deepest sleep have the slowest reaction times.[9]
Testing of mental arithmetic capability after one- and two hour naps at all times of day and night and after varying amounts of sleep and sleep deprivation demonstrated an inertia characterized by social interaction but with simultaneous performance impairment, reverie and misjudgment of sleepiness.[10]
Cause
One theory is that sleep inertia is caused by the build-up of adenosine in the brain during NREM sleep. Adenosine then binds to receptors, and feelings of tiredness result.[8]
See also
- Circadian rhythm sleep disorder
- Delayed sleep phase syndrome
- Shift work
References
- ^ Tassi, P.; Muzet, A. (2000). "Sleep inertia". Sleep Medicine Reviews 4 (4): 341–353. doi:10.1053/smrv.2000.0098. PMID 12531174.
- ^ Wertz, A.T.; Ronda, J.M.; Czeisler, C.A.; Wright Jr, K.P. (2006). "Effects of Sleep Inertia on Cognition". JAMA: the Journal of the American Medical Association 295 (2): 163–4. doi:10.1001/jama.295.2.163. PMID 16403927.
- ^ Jewett, ME; Wyatt, JK; Ritz-De Cecco, A; Khalsa, SB; Dijk, DJ; Czeisler, CA (1999). "Time course of sleep inertia dissipation in human performance and alertness". Journal of Sleep Research 8 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.1999.00128.x.
- ^ "Alertness management: strategic naps in operational settings".
- ^ "Overview, Waking, Non-REM, REM, Sleep Cycle, Factors, Age".
- ^ Wilkinson, RT; Stretton, M (1970). "Performance After Awakening at Different Times of Night".
- ^ Scheer, FAJL; Shea, TJ; Hilton, MF; Shea, SA (2008). "An endogenous circadian rhythm in sleep inertia results in greatest cognitive impairment upon awakening during the biological night". Journal of Biological Rhythms 23 (4): 353–361. doi:10.1177/0748730408318081.
- ^ a b Van Dongen, HP; Price, NJ; Mullington, JM; Szuba, MP; Kapoor, SC; Dinges, DF (2001). "Caffeine eliminates psychomotor vigilance deficits from sleep inertia". Sleep 24 (7): 813–819.
- ^ Sherry, Patrick (June 2000). "Fatigue Countermeasures in the Railroad Industry: Past and Current Developments". University of Denver. Retrieved 2009-05-11.
- ^ Dinges, DF (1990). Bootzin, RR; Kihlstrom, JF; Schacter, DL, eds. Are you awake? Cognitive performance and reverie during the hypnopompic state. American Psychological Association. pp. 159–175. ISBN 1-55798-083-7.
External links
- Flying Safely Article on Napping
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Psychophysiology: Sleep and sleep disorders (F51 and G47 / 307.4 and 327)
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| Sleep stages |
- Rapid eye movement (REM)
- Non-rapid eye movement
- Slow-wave
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| Brain waves |
- Alpha wave
- Beta wave
- Gamma wave
- Delta wave
- Theta rhythm
- K-complex
- Sleep spindle
- Sensorimotor rhythm
- Mu rhythm
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| Sleep disorders |
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Dyssomnia
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- Insomnia
- Narcolepsy
- Sleep apnea
- Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
- Ondine's curse
- Hypersomnia
- Kleine–Levin syndrome
- Sleep state misperception
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Circadian rhythm
disorder
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- Advanced sleep phase disorder
- Delayed sleep phase disorder
- Irregular sleep–wake rhythm
- Jet lag
- Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder
- Shift work sleep disorder
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Parasomnia
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- Catathrenia
- Night terror
- Rapid eye movement behavior disorder
- Sleepwalking
- Somniloquy
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Other
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- Night eating syndrome
- Nocturia
- Nocturnal myoclonus
- Bruxism
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| Benign phenomena |
- Dream
- Exploding head syndrome
- False awakening
- Hypnagogia / Sleep onset
- Hypnic jerk
- Lucid dream
- Nightmare
- Nocturnal clitoral tumescence
- Nocturnal emission
- Nocturnal penile tumescence
- Sleep paralysis
- Somnolence
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| Related topics |
- Somnology
- Bed
- Bunk bed
- Four-poster bed
- Futon
- Daybed
- Hammock
- Mattress
- Sleeping bag
- Bed bug
- Bedding
- Bedroom
- Bedtime
- Bedtime toy
- Bedtime story
- Caffeine nap
- Chronotype
- Dream journal
- Excessive daytime sleepiness
- Hypnopompic state
- Lullaby
- Sleep induction
- Microsleep
- Nap
- Nightwear
- Polyphasic sleep
- Polysomnography
- Power nap
- Second wind
- Siesta
- Sleep and creativity
- Sleep and learning
- Sleep debt
- Sleep deprivation
- Sleep diary
- Sleep hygiene
- Sleep inertia
- Sleep medicine
- Sleeping while on duty
- Sleepover
- Snoring
- "Sleeping sickness"1
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1 Not a sleep disorder.
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dsrd (o, p, m, p, a, d, s), sysi/epon, spvo
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proc (eval/thrp), drug (N5A/5B/5C/6A/6B/6D)
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anat (n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp
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noco (m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug (N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Cognitive Performance and Mood Following Ingestion of a Theacrine-Containing Dietary Supplement, Caffeine, or Placebo by Young Men and Women.
- Kuhman DJ1, Joyner KJ2, Bloomer RJ3.
- Nutrients.Nutrients.2015 Nov 19;7(11):9618-32. doi: 10.3390/nu7115484.
- Theacrine is a purine alkaloid found primarily in the leaves of the Camellia Kucha plant and is now included within dietary supplements. To compare the effects of a theacrine-containing dietary supplement with caffeine and placebo on energy and mood, as well as objective measures of cognitive perfor
- PMID 26610558
- Barriers to skin-to-skin care during the postpartum stay.
- Ferrarello D1, Hatfield L.
- MCN. The American journal of maternal child nursing.MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs.2014 Jan-Feb;39(1):56-61. doi: 10.1097/01.NMC.0000437464.31628.3d.
- PURPOSE: To determine both mothers' and nurses' understanding of barriers to skin-to-skin care (SSC) during the postpartum hospital stay.STUDY DESIGN: Mixed-method study including surveys and focus groups with both nurses working in a postpartum unit, and mothers who had recently given birth.METHODS
- PMID 24317145
- A fatality due to an accidental methadone substitution in a dental cocktail.
- Kupiec TC1, Kemp P, Raj V, Kemp J.
- Journal of analytical toxicology.J Anal Toxicol.2011 Sep;35(7):512-5.
- A 6-year-old male child was scheduled for a dental procedure requiring conscious sedation. Prior to the procedure, the child was administered a dental cocktail containing chloral hydrate, hydroxyzine, and methadone. After returning from the dentist, the child appeared groggy and was allowed to sleep
- PMID 21871161
Japanese Journal
- Serotonergic Modulation of Absence-Like Seizures in Groggy Rats : a Novel Rat Model of Absence Epilepsy
- The ataxic groggy rat has a missense mutation in the P/Q-type voltage-gated Ca^<2+> channel alpha1A subunit gene and exhibits absence seizures
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