WordNet

remarkable or out of the ordinary in degree or magnitude or effect; "a great crisis"; "had a great stake in the outcome"
a person who has achieved distinction and honor in some field; "he is one of the greats of American music"
of major significance or importance; "a great work of art"; "Einstein was one of the outstanding figures of the 20th centurey" (同)outstanding
relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind; "a great juicy steak"; "a great multitude"; "the great auk"; "a great old oak"; "a great ocean liner"; "a great delay"
a stage area out of sight of the audience (同)offstage, backstage
a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)
one of the horizontal airfoils on either side of the fuselage of an airplane
(in flight formation) a position to the side and just to the rear of another aircraft
a group within a political party or legislature or other organization that holds distinct views or has a particular function; "they are the progressive wing of the Republican Party"
a hockey player stationed in a forward position on either side
a unit of military aircraft
the wing of a fowl; "he preferred the drumsticks to the wings"
be the winner in a contest or competition; be victorious; "He won the Gold Medal in skating"; "Our home team won"; "Win the game"
a victory (as in a race or other competition); "he was happy to get the win"
very fast; as if with wings; "on winged feet"
having wings or as if having wings of a specified kind; "the winged feet of Mercury";
a means of flight or ascent; "necessity lends wings to inspiration"
stylized bird wings worn as an insignia by qualified pilots or air crew members

PrepTutorEJDIC

(規模・範囲などが)『大きい』,巨大な / 『多数の』;『多量の』 / 『偉大な』,すぐれた;《the Great》《称号・肩書に用いて》 / (身分・地位などの)高い / 気高い,崇高な / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》重要な,重大な / 《人を表す名詞の前にのみ用いて》大の,たいへんな / 《話》すてきな,すばらしい / 《名詞的に》《the great》偉大な人たち,重要人物 / とても,すごく / とてもよく(very well) / 大物,花形
(鳥の)『翼』,(昆虫の)羽 / (飛行機・風車などの)『翼』,羽 / (建物の)翼(よく),そで / (政党などの)『分派』,…翼 / 《複数形で》(舞台の)そで,たもと(観客から見えない部分) / (サッカーなどの)ウィング,ウィングの選手 / (部隊・艦隊の左右の)翼,側面部隊;(空軍の)飛行大隊 / 《複数形で》パイロット記章 / 《英》=fender 1 / 《wing one's way の形で》飛んで行く / …‘を'飛ばす;…‘に'スピードをつける / (…で)…‘に'翼をつける《+名+with+名》 / 〈鳥〉‘の'翼を傷つける,〈人〉の腕を傷つける / 〈芝居の役など〉‘を'せりふを暗記しないで演じる / 《方向を表す副詞[句]を伴って》飛ぶ
(競争・競技などで)(…に)『勝つ』,優勝する《+at(in)+名》 / (…に対して)勝つ,勝利を得る《+against(over)+名》 / 〈戦争・競技など〉‘に'『勝つ』 / 〈賞・名声など〉‘を'『勝ち取る』,(努力して)獲得する / 〈人〉‘を'説得する,味方につける,の支持を得る / 《文》〈目標など〉‘に'到達する / (特にスポーツで)勝利,勝ち
翼のある / 飛翔(ひしょう)するような,速い

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/27 12:40:38」(JST)

wiki en

The greater wing of the sphenoid bone, or alisphenoid, is a bony process of the sphenoid bone; there is one on each side, extending from the side of the body of the sphenoid and curving upward, laterally, and backward.

Structure

The greater wings of the sphenoid are two strong processes of bone, which arise from the sides of the body, and are curved upward, laterally, and backward; the posterior part of each projects as a triangular process that fits into the angle between the squamous and the petrous part of the temporal bone and presents at its apex a downward-directed process, the spine of sphenoid bone.

Cerebral surface

The superior or cerebral surface of each greater wing [Fig. 1] forms part of the middle cranial fossa; it is deeply concave, and presents depressions for the convolutions of the temporal lobe of the brain. It has a number of foramina (holes) in it:

The foramen rotundum is a circular aperture at its anterior and medial part; it transmits the maxillary nerve.
The foramen ovale is behind and lateral to this; it transmits the mandibular nerve, the accessory meningeal artery, and sometimes the lesser petrosal nerve.
The sphenoidal emissary foramen is occasionally present; it is a small aperture medial to the foramen ovale, opposite the root of the pterygoid process; it opens below near the scaphoid fossa, and transmits a small vein from the cavernous sinus.
The foramen spinosum, in the posterior angle near to and in front of the spine; it is a short canal that transmits the middle meningeal vessels and a recurrent branch from the mandibular nerve.
The foramen petrosum, a small occasional opening, between the foramen spinosum and foramen ovale, for transmission of the lesser petrosal nerve.

Lateral surface

The lateral surface [Fig. 2] is convex, and divided by a transverse ridge, the infratemporal crest, into two portions.

The superior temporal surface, convex from above downward, concave from before backward, forms a part of the temporal fossa, and gives attachment to the temporalis;
the inferior infratemporal surface, smaller in size and concave, enters into the formation of the infratemporal fossa, and, together with the infratemporal crest, serves as an attachment to the lateral pterygoid muscle.

It is pierced by the foramen ovale and foramen spinosum, and at its posterior part is the sphenoidal spine, which is frequently grooved on its medial surface for the chorda tympani nerve.

To the sphenoidal spine are attached the sphenomandibular ligament and the tensor veli palatini muscle.

Medial to the anterior extremity of the infratemporal crest is a triangular process that serves to increase the attachment of the lateral pterygoid muscle; extending downward and medialward from this process on to the front part of the lateral pterygoid plate is a ridge that forms the anterior limit of the infratemporal surface, and, in the articulated skull, the posterior boundary of the pterygomaxillary fissure.

Orbital surface

The orbital surface of the great wing [Fig. 2], smooth, and quadrilateral in shape, is directed forward and medially and forms the posterior part of the lateral wall of the orbit.

Its upper serrated edge articulates with the orbital plate of the frontal bone.
Its inferior rounded border forms the postero-lateral boundary of the inferior orbital fissure.
Its medial sharp margin forms the lower boundary of the superior orbital fissure and has projecting from about its center a little tubercle that gives attachment to the inferior head of the lateral rectus muscle; at the upper part of this margin is a notch for the transmission of a recurrent branch of the lacrimal artery.
Its lateral margin is serrated and articulates with the zygomatic bone.
Below the medial end of the superior orbital fissure is a grooved surface, which forms the posterior wall of the pterygopalatine fossa, and is pierced by the foramen rotundum.

Margin

Commencing from behind [Fig. 2], that portion of the circumference of the great wing that extends from the body to the spine is irregular.

Its medial half forms the anterior boundary of the foramen lacerum, and presents the posterior aperture of the pterygoid canal for the passage of the corresponding nerve and artery.
Its lateral half articulates, by means of a synchondrosis, with the petrous portion of the temporal, and between the two bones on the under surface of the skull, is a furrow, the sulcus of the auditory tube, for the lodgement of the cartilaginous part of the auditory tube.

In front of the spine the circumference presents a concave, serrated edge, bevelled at the expense of the inner table below, and of the outer table above, for articulation with the squamous part of the temporal bone.

At the tip of the great wing is a triangular portion, bevelled at the expense of the internal surface, for articulation with the sphenoidal angle of the parietal bone; this region is named the pterion.

Medial to this is a triangular, serrated surface, for articulation with the frontal bone; this surface is continuous medially with the sharp edge that forms the lower boundary of the superior orbital fissure, and laterally with the serrated margin for articulation with the zygomatic bone.

Development

The greater wing of the sphenoid bone starts as a separate bone, and is still separate at birth in humans.

Function

Clinical significance

In other animals

In many mammals, e.g. the dog, the greater wing of the sphenoid bone stays through life a separate bone called the alisphenoid.

Additional images

The seven bones that articulate to form the orbit.
Base of skull. Inferior surface.
Left infratemporal fossa.
The skull from the front.
Articulation of the mandible. Medial aspect.
Muscles of the right orbit.
Greater wing of sphenoid bone
Greater wing of sphenoid bone
Greater wing of sphenoid bone
Greater wing of sphenoid bone
Greater wing of sphenoid bone

External links

Anatomy diagram: 34256.000-1 at Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, Elsevier
Anatomy diagram: 34257.000-1 at Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, Elsevier

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

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Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「大翼」
関連記事	「great」「wing」「winged」

「大翼」

Greater wing of sphenoid bone
	Figure 1: Sphenoid bone, upper surface.
	Figure 2: Sphenoid bone, anterior and inferior surfaces.
Details
Latin	ala major ossis sphenoidalis
Identifiers
Gray's	p.149
Dorlands; /Elsevier	a_21/12118035
TA	A02.1.05.024
FMA	52868
	Anatomical terms of bone