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the vocal apparatus of the larynx; the true vocal folds and the space between them where the voice tone is generated
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/10/27 00:31:56」(JST)

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The glottis is defined as the vocal folds and the opening between them (the rima glottidis).^[1]

Structure

Function

Phonation

As the vocal folds vibrate, the resulting vibration produces a "buzzing" quality to the speech, called voice or voicing or pronunciation.

Sound production involving only the glottis is called glottal.^{[citation needed]} English has a voiceless glottal transition spelled "h". In many accents of English the glottal stop (made by pressing the folds together) is used as a variant allophone of the phoneme /t/ (and in some dialects, occasionally of /k/ and /p/); in some languages, this sound is a phoneme of its own.^{[citation needed]}

Skilled players of the Australian didgeridoo restrict their glottal opening in order to produce the full range of timbres available on the instrument.^[2]

The vibration produced is an essential component of voiced consonants as well as vowels. If the vocal folds are drawn apart, air flows between them causing no vibration, as in the production of voiceless consonants.^{[citation needed]}

The glottis is also important in the valsalva maneuver.

Voiced consonants include /v/, /z/, /ʒ/, /d͡ʒ/, /ð/, /b/, /d/, /ɡ/, /w/.
Voiceless consonants include /f/, /s/, /ʃ/, /t͡ʃ/, /θ/, /p/, /t/, /k/, /ʍ/, and /h/.

Additional images

Larynx

The entrance to the larynx, viewed from behind.

The entrance to the larynx.

Glottis

Larynx, pharynx and tongue. Deep dissection.Posterior view.

References

^ Glottis at eMedicine Dictionary
^ See "Acoustics: The vocal tract and the sound of a didgeridoo", by Tarnopolsky et al. in Nature 436, 39 (7 July 2005))

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Glottis.

States of the Glottis (Esling & Harris, University of Victoria)
Universität Stuttgart Speech production
de Menezes Lyra R. Glottis simulator. Anesth Analg. 1999 Jun;88(6):1422-3.[1]

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Proton pump (H+/K+-ATPase) expression in human larynx.

Stevanović S1, Radić R2, Kačarević ŽP2, Bedeković V3, Aras I4, Baudoin T3, Šoš D5, Vrselja Z2, Ivkić M3.
Auris, nasus, larynx.Auris Nasus Larynx.2015 Dec;42(6):458-62. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2015.04.013. Epub 2015 May 21.
OBJECTIVE: The goal of our study was to investigate and to identify the existence of proton pump in different parts of larynx. The presence of acidic content in this area is known to be connected to several laryngeal diseases. It is mostly developed by upward recurrence of acidic gastric content, bu
PMID 26003879

Early glottic cancer involving the anterior commissure treated by transoral laser cordectomy.

Hoffmann C1, Cornu N1, Hans S1, Sadoughi B2, Badoual C3, Brasnu D1.
The Laryngoscope.Laryngoscope.2015 Nov 24. doi: 10.1002/lary.25757. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Anterior commissure involvement is considered to be a risk factor for poorer outcomes after transoral laser cordectomy (TLC) for early glottic cancer. The objective of this study was to determine the outcomes and relevance of the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification in a
PMID 26597482

Is the External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve Dispensable in Thyroid Surgery?

Folk D1, Wahba B2, Sasaki CT1.
Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association.Thyroid.2015 Nov 23. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (eSLN) participates in thyroarytenoid (TA) contraction, but little data quantify its role in vocal cord adduction. Injury to the eSLN, such as in thyroid surgery, is difficult to diagnose and likely undera
PMID 26528734