genital

• adj.

• 生殖の、性器の、生殖器の、陰部の

ex.

• genital herpes 性器ヘルペス

関

accessory sex organ、generative、genital organ、genital tract、genitalia、genitalium、reproduction、reproductive、reproductive organ、sexual organ

　 　

WordNet

1. of or relating to the external sex organs; "genital herpes"; "venereal disease" (同)venereal
2. the process of generating offspring
3. the sexual activity of conceiving and bearing offspring (同)procreation, breeding, facts_of_life
4. the act of making copies; "Gutenbergs reproduction of holy texts was far more efficient" (同)replication
5. recall that is hypothesized to work by storing the original stimulus input and reproducing it during recall (同)reproductive memory
6. having the ability to produce or originate; "generative power"; "generative forces" (同)productive
7. producing new life or offspring; "the reproductive potential of a species is its relative capacity to reproduce itself under optimal conditions"; "the reproductive or generative organs" (同)procreative, reproductive

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 生殖の,生殖器の
2. 〈U〉繁殖,生殖[作用] / 〈U〉(…を)再生(再現)すること;模写(複製)すること《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉再生(再現)された物,複写(複製)した物
3. 発生の,生殖の;生成力(繁殖力)のある
4. 生殖の,繁殖の / 再生の,再現の
5. 生殖器;(特に)外部生殖器

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/15 01:55:51」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

The sex organs of a green alga, Chara are the male antheridia (red) and female archegonia (brown).

A sex organ or primary sexual characteristic, as narrowly defined, is any anatomical part of the body involved in sexual reproduction and constituting the reproductive system in a complex organism, especially the external sex organs; the external sex organs are also commonly referred to as the genitalia or genitals.

Mosses, ferns, and some similar plants have gametangia for reproductive organs, which are part of the gametophyte. The flowers of flowering plants produce pollen and egg cells, but the sex organs themselves are inside the gametophytes within the pollen and the ovule. Coniferous plants likewise produce their sexually reproductive structures within the gametophytes contained within the cones and pollen. The cones and pollen are not themselves sexual organs.

Terminology

The Latin term genitalia, sometimes anglicized as genitals, is used to describe the externally visible sex organs, known as primary genitalia or external genitalia: in male mammals, the penis and scrotum; and in female mammals, the clitoris and vulva.

The other, hidden sex organs are referred to as the secondary genitalia or internal genitalia. The most important of these are the gonads, a pair of sex organs, specifically the testes in the male or the ovaries in the female. Gonads are the true sex organs, generating reproductive gametes containing inheritable DNA. They also produce most of the primary hormones that affect sexual development, and regulate other sexual organs and sexually differentiated behaviors.

In general zoology, given the great variety in organs, physiologies, and behaviors involved in copulation, male genitalia are more strictly defined as "all male structures that are inserted in the female or that hold her near her gonopore during sperm transfer"; female genitalia are defined as "those parts of the female reproductive tract that make direct contact with male genitalia or male products (sperm, spermatophores) during or immediately after copulation".

Mammals

External and internal organs

Further information: Mammalian reproductive system and Human reproductive system

The visible portion of the mammalian genitals for males consists of the scrotum and penis; for females, it consists of the labia, clitoris, and vagina.

In placental mammals, females have two genital orifices, the vagina and urethra, while males have only one, the urethra. Male and female genitals have many nerve endings, resulting in pleasurable and highly sensitive touch. In most human societies, particularly in conservative ones, genitals are considered a public indecency and sometimes even illegal if left uncovered in public.

In mammals, sex organs include:

Female	Male
Bartholin's glands Cervix Clitoris Clitoral frenulum Clitoral glans (glans clitoridis) Clitoral hood Fallopian tubes Labia Labia majora Labia minora Frenulum of labia minora Ovaries Skene's gland Uterus Vagina Vulva An image of human female external sex organs (shaved pubic hair)	Bulbourethral glands Epididymis Penis Foreskin Frenulum of penis Glans penis Prostate Scrotum Seminal vesicles Testicles An image of human male external sex organs

Development

Main article: Development of the reproductive system

In typical prenatal development, sexual organs originate from a common anlage anatomy during early gestation and differentiate into male or female variations. The SRY gene, usually located on the Y chromosome and encoding the testis determining factor, determines the direction of this differentiation. The absence of it allows the gonads to continue to develop into ovaries.

Thereafter, the development of the internal reproductive organs and the external genitalia is determined by hormones produced by certain fetal gonads (ovaries or testes) and the cells' response to them. The initial appearance of the fetal genitalia (a few weeks after conception) looks basically feminine: a pair of "urogenital folds" with a small protuberance in the middle, and the urethra behind the protuberance. If the fetus has testes, and if the testes produce testosterone, and if the cells of the genitals respond to the testosterone, the outer urogenital folds swell and fuse in the midline to produce the scrotum; the protuberance grows larger and straighter to form the penis; the inner urogenital swellings grow, wrap around the penis, and fuse in the midline to form the penile urethra.

Each sexual organ in one sex has a homologous counterpart in the other one. See a list of homologues of the human reproductive system. In a larger perspective, the whole process of sexual differentiation also includes development of secondary sexual characteristics such as patterns of pubic and facial hair and female breasts that emerge at puberty. Furthermore, differences in brain structure arise, affecting, but not absolutely determining, behavior.

Intersex is the development of genitalia somewhere between typical male and female genitalia. Once the child is born, the parents are faced with decisions that are often difficult to make, such as whether or not to modify the genitalia, assign the child as male or female, or leave the genitalia as is. Some parents allow their doctors to choose. If they do decide to modify the genitalia, they have approximately a 50% chance of getting genitalia that will match the child's gender identity. If they pick the wrong one, their child may begin to show symptoms of transsexualism, which can lead them to a life of discomfort until they are able to remedy the issue.

Because of the strong sexual selection affecting the structure and function of genitalia, they form an organ system that evolves faster that any other. A great variety of genital form and function may therefore be found among animals.

Plants

Main articles: Alternation of generations and Plant reproductive morphology

The life cycle of land plants involves alternation of generations between a sporophyte and a haploid gametophyte. The gametophyte produces sperm and/or egg cells by mitosis. The sporophyte produces spores by meiosis which in turn develop into gametophytes. Any sex organs that are produced by the plant will develop on the gametophyte. The seed plants, which include conifers and flowering plants have small gametophytes that develop inside the pollen grains (male) and the ovule (female).

Flowering plants

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants involves the union of the male and female germ cells, sperm and egg cells respectively. Pollen is produced in stamens, and is carried to the pistil, which has the ovary at its base where fertilization can take place. Within each pollen grain is a male gametophyte which consists of only three cells. In most flowering plants the female gametophyte within the ovule consists of only seven cells. Thus there are no sex organs as such.

See also

• Andrology
• Genital modification and mutilation
• Hermaphrodite
• Human sexuality
• Hysterectomy
• Intimate part
• Obstetrics and gynaecology
• Oophorectomy
• Puberty
• Secondary sex characteristic

References

Further reading

• Leonard, Janet L. and Alex Córdoba-Aguilar (2010). The Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Animals. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0199717036. 

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 性器潰瘍患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with genital ulcers
• 2. 性器単純ヘルペスウイルス感染の治療 treatment of genital herpes simplex virus infection
• 3. 思春期前の小児における外陰膣に関する愁訴 vulvovaginal complaints in the prepubertal child
• 4. 急性外陰潰瘍（リプシュッツ潰瘍） acute genital ulceration lipschutz ulcer
• 5. 性器単純ヘルペスウイルス感染と妊娠 genital herpes simplex virus infection and pregnancy

English Journal

• Successful treatment with adalimumab in a familial case of gastrointestinal Behcet's disease.

• De Cassan C, De Vroey B, Dussault C, Hachulla E, Buche S, Colombel JF.SourceClinique des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif et de la Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire de Lille, Hopital Claude Huriez, 1(er) etage Aile Est, Rue Michel Polonovski, 59037 Lille, France.
• Journal of Crohn's & colitis.J Crohns Colitis.2011 Sep;5(4):364-8. Epub 2011 Apr 27.
• We present here two siblings with a history of recurrent oral and genital ulcers, neurological and gastrointestinal manifestations. The diagnosis of Behcet's disease in a context of familial aggregation was assumed. Facing repeated steroid-dependent flares and failure of maintenance therapies with
• PMID 21683309

• Patterns of sexual arousal in homosexual, bisexual, and heterosexual men.

• Cerny JA, Janssen E.SourceDepartment of Psychology, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN, USA.
• Archives of sexual behavior.Arch Sex Behav.2011 Aug;40(4):687-97. Epub 2011 Mar 9.
• The purpose of this study was to determine if self-identified bisexual, heterosexual, and homosexual men show differential genital and subjective arousal patterns to video presentations of bisexual, heterosexual, male homosexual, and lesbian sexual interactions. It was predicted that, relative to he
• PMID 21387117

• Physiological and subjective sexual arousal in self-identified asexual women.

• Brotto LA, Yule MA.SourceDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, lori.brotto@vch.ca.
• Archives of sexual behavior.Arch Sex Behav.2011 Aug;40(4):699-712. Epub 2010 Sep 21.
• Asexuality can be defined as a lifelong lack of sexual attraction. Empirical research on asexuality reveals significantly lower self-reported sexual desire and arousal and lower rates of sexual activity; however, the speculation that there may also be an impaired psychophysiological sexual arousal r
• PMID 20857185

Japanese Journal

• キイロショウジョウバエ種群における交尾器形態の進化 : その機能研究に関するレビュー

• 上村 佳孝,三本 博之
• 低温科学 69, 39-50, 2011-03-31
• … Despite that the male genitalia of this group show astonishing diversity, previous studies failed to detect any species-specific differences in female morphology that corresponded to interspecific differences in the male genital morphology. … With description of a newly developed transparentizing technique of mating pairs, we discuss the potential of this species group to be a model research system of genital evolution.生物進化研究のモデル生物群としてのショウジョウバエ. …
• NAID 120002911955

• 性器ヘルペスの診断と母子感染 (特集 知っておきたい周産期感染症の知識)

• 川名 尚
• 産婦人科治療 102(2), 151-160, 2011-02
• NAID 40018705426

• 症例 単発性陰部平滑筋腫の1例

• 大島 昇,白井 明,川口 真喜子 [他]
• 皮膚科の臨床 53(1), 149-152, 2011-01
• NAID 40017659730

Related Links

• genitalの意味 - 英和辞典 Weblio辞書

2011年1月8日 ... genitalの意味や和訳。 【形容詞】 生殖(器)の.用例the genital organs 生殖器.【名詞 】 [複数形で] ＝genitalia.［ラテン語「発生の」の意］ - 約487万語ある英和辞典・ 和英辞典。発音・イディオムも分かる英語辞書。

• genital tractの意味 - 英和辞典 Weblio辞書

genital tractの意味や和訳。 生殖道 - 約473万語ある英和辞典・和英辞典。発音・ イデ ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「reproduction」「genitalium」「genital organ」「genital tract」「accessory sex organ」
拡張検索	「herpes simplex genitalis」「congenital microvillus atrophy」

「reproduction」

　　[★]

• n.

• 生殖、繁殖、再生、複製、再現

関

breed、breeding、copy、duplicate、duplication、generative、genital、multiply、playback、propagate、propagation、recycle、regenerate、regeneration、regrow、regrowth、renaturation、renature、renew、renewal、replicate、replication、replicational、replicative、representation、reproduce、reproductive、reproductive period

　 　 　 　 　

「genitalium」

　　[★]

• ｎ.

• 生殖器、性器、生殖器官、外陰部

関

accessory sex organ、external genitalia、genital、genital organ、genital tract、genitalia、reproductive organ、sexual organ、vulva、vulvae、vulval、vulvar

• Mycoplasma genitalium

「genital organ」

　　[★] 生殖器、性器、生殖器官

関

accessory sex organ、genital、genital tract、genitalia、genitalium、reproductive organ、sexual organ

「genital tract」

　　[★] 生殖器、性器、生殖器官

関

accessory sex organ、genital、genital organ、genitalia、genitalium、reproductive organ、sexual organ

「accessory sex organ」

　　[★] 性器、生殖器

関

genital、genital organ、genital tract、genitalia、genitalium、reproductive organ、sexual organ

「herpes simplex genitalis」

　　[★]

外陰部単純ヘルペス

「congenital microvillus atrophy」

　　[★] 先天性微絨毛萎縮症