gaiter

WordNet

a shoe covering the ankle with elastic gores in the sides
legging consisting of a cloth or leather covering for the leg from the knee to the ankle
a horses manner of moving
a persons manner of walking

PrepTutorEJDIC

ゲートル / 側面が伸縮性のくるぶしまでの高さの深靴 / 甲が布地のオーバーシューズ
歩きぶり,足どり

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/05/08 17:23:36」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

For other uses, see Gaiter (disambiguation).

Not to be confused with Spat (footwear).

Look up gaiter in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Hiking gaiters

Gaiters are garments worn over the shoe and lower pants leg, and used primarily as personal protective equipment; similar garments used primarily for display are spats. Originally, gaiters were made of leather. Today, gaiters for walking are commonly made of plasticized synthetic cloth such as polyester. Gaiters for use on horseback continue to be made of leather.

Terminology

In Army parlance, a gaiter covers leg and bootlacing; a legging covers only the leg. In RAF parlance, gaiter includes legging. The American Army during World War I^[1] and World War II had leggings, which were gaiters. Above the knee spatterdashes were cotton or canvas, as were many gaiters of varying lengths thereafter. Leather gaiters were rare in military, though sometimes a calf-length cotton gaiter had leather kneecaps added. Leggings, however, were very often made of leather, but also canvas.

On foot

Typical gaiters as used by infantrymen in the 1900s

Gaiters are a type of protective clothing for a person's ankles and legs below the knee. Gaiters are worn when walking, hiking, running (especially orienteering and rogaining) outdoors amongst dense underbrush or in snow, with or without snowshoes. Heavy gaiters are often worn when using crampons, to protect the leg and ankle from the spikes of the opposite foot. Gaiters strap over the hiking boot and around the person's leg to provide protection from branches and thorns and to prevent mud, snow, etc. from entering the top of the boot.

Gaiters are similar to puttees, a part of numerous military uniforms. Gaiters known as jambieres (derived from the French word Jambe for legs, hence leggings) were part of the uniform of Zouave infantry regiments.

On horseback

Over-the-knee gaiters worn by a Chilean rodeo rider

During the 19th century gaiters for riding typically were known as riding gaiters, distinguishing them from the other gaiters that were in general use.^{[citation needed]} today, Half-chaps are a type of gaiter worn by equestrians. Most forms fit over the calf. These are intended to protect the rider's leg from wear by the stirrup leathers and other saddle parts.^{[citation needed]} Modern styles usually have a zipper or hook and loop fasteners on the outside of the leg.

Half chaps and jodhpur riding boot

Gaiters extending over the calf are a less expensive and often more comfortable or practical alternative to tall riding boots. Historically, such gaiters were a part of numerous cavalry field uniforms.^{[citation needed]} In the United States today, gaiters commonly are called "half chaps" or "chapettes" and are worn over short paddock boots by English-style riders. Generally, they are not seen in horse show competition, except at beginning levels. They are seen in endurance races.

In Latin America, from Chile to Mexico, there is another traditional type of gaiter, which extends over the knee and is still in wide use today.^{[citation needed]} Over-the-knee gaiters are intended to protect the rider's leg from injury by vegetation and other animals. Usually, they lace, buckle, or zipper behind the leg.

The Bishop of Lichfield, in Vanity Fair, 1897

In the Anglican church

Gaiters formed a part of the everyday clerical clothing of bishops and archdeacons of the Church of England until the middle part of the twentieth century. They were made of black cotton, wool, or silk, and buttoned up the sides, reaching to just below the knee where they would join with black breeches. Gaiters would be worn with a clerical apron, a type of short cassock reaching to just above the knee. The purpose of this vesture was originally practical, since archdeacons and bishops were presumed to be mobile, riding horses to various parts of a diocese or archdeaconry. In latter years, the clothing took on a more symbolic dimension.^[2]

References

^ Henry,Mark. "The US Army of World War I" Osprey Publishing Ltd., Oxford 2003
^ Anglicans Online: Through the Years with Gaiters

UpToDate Contents

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1. 慢性静脈疾患の病態生理 pathophysiology of chronic venous disease
2. Approach to the patient with a leg ulcer

English Journal

Venous status ulcers due to congenital agenesis of the inferior vena cava in a 16-year-old male.

Phair J1, Trestman E2, Stableford J1.
Vascular.Vascular.2016 Feb;24(1):106-8. doi: 10.1177/1708538115587453. Epub 2015 May 13.
We report a case of agenesis of the infrarenal inferior vena cava in a 16-year-old male presenting with venous stasis dermatitis and ulceration in the gaiter region bilaterally. Duplex imaging was performed revealing absence of infrarenal inferior vena cava and iliofemoral venous system. Magnetic re
PMID 25972026

Improvement of venous pumping function by double progressive compression stockings: higher pressure over the calf is more important than a graduated pressure profile.

Mosti G1, Partsch H2.
European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery.Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg.2014 May;47(5):545-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2014.01.006. Epub 2014 Feb 10.
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that so-called progressive elastic compression stockings (PECS) with a negative pressure gradient have a more pronounced effect on venous pump function than conventional, graduated stockings. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of higher gradua
PMID 24524814

Comparative study of the upper and lower limb skin blood flow control mechanisms in patients with essential hypertension.

Esen F1, Ata N, Esen H.
Anadolu kardiyoloji dergisi : AKD = the Anatolian journal of cardiology.Anadolu Kardiyol Derg.2014 Feb;14(1):3-8. doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.4632. Epub 2013 Dec 9.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate limb specific differences in cutaneous vascular function in patients (n=33) with essential hypertension (EHT).METHODS: In this observational cross-sectional study, baseline skin blood flow and the response to local heating were measured with a laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF)
PMID 24342927

Holistic management of venous ulcers especially with endovenous laser treatment using 980nm laser in an ethnically diverse society.

Murli NL1, Lee TC2, Beh ML2.
The Medical journal of Malaysia.Med J Malaysia.2013 Dec;68(6):453-8.
AIM: Chronic venous ulcers usually occur as an occupational hazard due to venous insufficiency with venous hypertension. Endovenous laser treatment (EVT) is used to treat varicose veins with venous ulcers and outcome including demography assessed in the different races.PROCEDURE: 145 lower limbs(rig
PMID 24632912

Japanese Journal

ストリッピング術で抜去可能であった重複伏在静脈の3例

内田智夫
静脈学 23(1), 45-49, 2012-02-25
重複大伏在静脈の頻度については1%から49%等さまざまな報告がある．また，その形態もさまざまである．今回，当院で伏在静脈瘤に対してストリッピング術を施行した症例を対象に検討したところ，大伏在静脈が一度分岐したあと再度合流している重複伏在静脈を3例経験した．いずれも下肢静脈瘤の術前に行った超音波検査で大伏在静脈の走行を確認し，ストリッピング術を行った．抜去した静脈の標本で肉眼的にも異常を確認できたの …
NAID 10030353135

縦隔内甲状腺腫例

菊川達雄,野々村光栄,石島健
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 90(2), 227-231, 1997-02-01
… Following Rives' classification, this tumor was thought to be an aberrant mediastinal gaiter. …
NAID 10005261602

Oxygen tension on the skin of the gaiter area of limbs with venous disease

CLYNE C.
Br J Surg 72, 644-647, 1985
NAID 30026061929

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