WordNet

a ductile silvery-white ductile ferromagnetic trivalent metallic element of the rare earth group (同)Gd, atomic number 64

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1. 進行した腎不全における腎性全身性線維症／腎性線維化性皮膚症 nephrogenic systemic fibrosis nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy in advanced renal failure
2. 心血管MRIの臨床的有用性 clinical utility of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
3. 固形肝病変：鑑別診断および評価 solid liver lesions differential diagnosis and evaluation
4. 造影剤に対する即時型過敏反応：再発反応の予防 immediate hypersensitivity reactions to radiocontrast media prevention of recurrent reactions
5. 妊娠中の画像診断の手順 diagnostic imaging procedures during pregnancy

English Journal

Using microbubbles as an MRI contrast agent for the measurement of cerebral blood volume.

Peng SL, Wang FN, Wang CH, Peng HH, Lu CT, Yeh CK.Author information Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.AbstractThe susceptibility differences at the gas-liquid interface of microbubbles (MBs) allow their use as an intravascular susceptibility contrast agent for in vivo MRI. However, the characteristics of MBs are very different from those of the standard gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DPTA) contrast agent, including the size distribution and hemodynamic properties, which could influence MRI outcomes. Here, we investigate quantitatively the correlation between the relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) derived from Gd-DTPA (rCBV(Gd)) and the MB-induced susceptibility effect (ΔR(2*MB)) by conventional dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI (DSC-MRI). Custom-made MBs had a mean diameter of 0.92 µm and were capable of inducing 4.68 ± 3.02% of the maximum signal change (MSC). The MB-associated ΔR(2*MB) was compared with rCBV(Gd) in 16 rats on 4.7-T MRI. We observed a significant effect of the time to peak (TTP) on the correlation between ΔR(2*MB) and rCBV(Gd), and also found a noticeable dependence between TTP and MSC. Our findings suggest that MBs with longer TTPs can be used for the estimation of rCBV by DSC-MRI, and emphasize the critical effect of TTP on MB-based contrast MRI.
NMR in biomedicine.NMR Biomed.2013 Nov;26(11):1540-6. doi: 10.1002/nbm.2988. Epub 2013 Jun 24.
The susceptibility differences at the gas-liquid interface of microbubbles (MBs) allow their use as an intravascular susceptibility contrast agent for in vivo MRI. However, the characteristics of MBs are very different from those of the standard gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DPTA
PMID 23794141

Examination of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity in a mouse brain tumor model.

On NH, Mitchell R, Savant SD, Bachmeier CJ, Hatch GM, Miller DW.Author information Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada.AbstractThe present study evaluates, both functionally and biochemically, brain tumor-induced alterations in brain capillary endothelial cells. Brain tumors were induced in Balb/c mice via intracranial injection of Lewis Lung carcinoma cells into the right hemisphere of the mouse brain using stereotaxic apparatus. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability was assessed at various stages of tumor development, using both radiolabeled tracer permeability and magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium diethylene-triamine-pentaacetate contrast enhancement (Gad-DTPA). The expression of the drug efflux transporter, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), in the BBB at various stages of tumor development was also evaluated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Median mouse survival following tumor cell injection was 17 days. The permeability of the BBB to (3)H-mannitol was similar in both brain hemispheres at 7 and 10 days post-injection. By day 15, there was a twofold increase in (3)H-mannitol permeability in the tumor bearing hemispheres compared to the non-tumor hemispheres. Examination of BBB permeability with Gad-DTPA contrast enhanced MRI indicated cerebral vascular permeability changes were confined to the tumor area. The permeability increase observed at the later stages of tumor development correlated with an increase in cerebral vascular volume suggesting angiogenesis within the tumor bearing hemisphere. Furthermore, the Gad-DPTA enhancement observed within the tumor area was significantly less than Gad-DPTA enhancement within the circumventricular organs not protected by the BBB. Expression of P-gp in both the tumor bearing and non-tumor bearing portions of the brain appeared similar at all time points examined. These studies suggest that although BBB integrity is altered within the tumor site at later stages of development, the BBB is still functional and limiting in terms of solute and drug permeability in and around the tumor.
Journal of neuro-oncology.J Neurooncol.2013 Jan;111(2):133-43. doi: 10.1007/s11060-012-1006-1. Epub 2012 Nov 27.
The present study evaluates, both functionally and biochemically, brain tumor-induced alterations in brain capillary endothelial cells. Brain tumors were induced in Balb/c mice via intracranial injection of Lewis Lung carcinoma cells into the right hemisphere of the mouse brain using stereotaxic app
PMID 23184143

Comparison of pulsed versus continuous convective flow for central nervous system tissue perfusion: laboratory investigation.

Nduom EK, Walbridge S, Lonser RR.Author information Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1414, USA.AbstractOBJECT: Although pulsatile and continuous infusion paradigms have been described for convective delivery of drugs, the effectiveness and properties of each flow paradigm are unknown. To determine the effectiveness and properties of pulsatile and continuous convective infusion paradigms, the authors compared these convective flow methods in the gray and white matter of primates.
Journal of neurosurgery.J Neurosurg.2012 Dec;117(6):1150-4. doi: 10.3171/2012.9.JNS12506. Epub 2012 Oct 12.
OBJECT: Although pulsatile and continuous infusion paradigms have been described for convective delivery of drugs, the effectiveness and properties of each flow paradigm are unknown. To determine the effectiveness and properties of pulsatile and continuous convective infusion paradigms, the authors
PMID 23061389

Japanese Journal

食道癌の術前リンパ節転移診断法としてのGd-MRIの有用性に関する研究

牧野治文
日本消化器外科学会雑誌 30(10), 1973-1977, 1997-10-01
食道癌のリンパ節転移診断におけるGd-MRIの有用性を検討した. 対象:食道癌手術例42例(摘出リンパ節50結節). 方法:P-MRIを撮像した後, Gd-DTPAを0.1mmol/kg静脈内投与し結時的にGd-MRIを撮像した. 描出されたリンパ節のintensity変化と摘出標本における組織学的転移の有無について検討した. 結果:食道癌の転移リンパ節と非転移リンパ節のintensityは造影7 …
NAID 110001295173

A Study Utility of Gadolinium Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging(Gd-MRI) in the Preoperative Diagnosis of Lymph Node Metastasis of Esophageal Carcinoma.

牧野治文
日本消化器外科学会雑誌 30(10), 1973-1977, 1997
… We evaluated the utilityof gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-MRI) in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of esophageal carcinoma. …
NAID 130004342990

肩関節周囲炎のGd-DPTAエンハンスMR画像について

柴田陽三,緑川孝二,伊崎輝昌,江本玄,松浦一平,金宮毅,緒方公介
整形外科と災害外科 44(2), 576-580, 1995
Gadopentate (Gd)-enhanced magentic resonance (MR) imaging for diagnosis of periarthritis of the shoulder joint is reported. Thirty-seven patients (39 shoulders) with periarthritis of the shoulder were …
NAID 130001631624