WordNet

susceptible to criticism or persuasion or temptation; "vulnerable to bribery"; "an argument vulnerable to refutation"
capable of being wounded or hurt; "vulnerable parts of the body"
susceptible to attack; "a vulnerable bridge"
quality of being easily damaged or destroyed (同)breakability, frangibleness, frangibility
lack of physical strength (同)delicacy
vulnerably delicate; "she has the fragile beauty of youth"
the state of being vulnerable or exposed; "his vulnerability to litigation"; "his exposure to ridicule" (同)exposure
susceptibility to injury or attack

PrepTutorEJDIC

(身体的に)傷つきやすい / 攻撃(非難)を受けやすい,批判(皮肉など)に傷つきやすい;(…に)攻撃(非難)されやすい《+to+名》
壊れやすさ,もろさ;虚弱;はかなさ
『壊れやすい』,もろい / (体質が)虚弱な(weak);《おどけて》調子が悪い / (幸福などが)はかない
傷つきやすいこと,(批判・皮肉などに)弱いこと

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/07/28 16:39:31」(JST)

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Friability (pronounced /ˌfraɪəˈbɪlətiː/, "fry-uh-BIL-uh-tee"), the condition of being friable, describes the tendency of a solid substance to break into smaller pieces under duress or contact, especially by rubbing. The opposite of friable is indurate.

Substances that are designated hazardous, such as asbestos or crystalline silica, are often said to be friable if small particles are easily dislodged and become airborne, and hence respirable (able to enter human lungs), posing a health hazard.

Tougher substances, such as concrete, may also be mechanically ground down and reduced to finely divided mineral dust. However, such substances are not generally considered friable because of the degree of difficulty involved in breaking the substance's chemical bonds through mechanical means. Some substances, such as polyurethane foams, show an increase in friability with exposure to ultraviolet radiation, such as sunlight.

Friable is sometimes used metaphorically to describe "brittle" personalities who can be "rubbed" by seemingly-minor stimuli to produce extreme emotional responses.^[1]

Examples

A friable substance is any substance that can be reduced to fibers or finer particles by the action of a small pressure or friction, such as rubbing or inadvertently brushing up against the substance. The term could also apply to any material that exhibits these properties, such as:

Ionically bound substances that are less than 1 kg/L in density
Clay tablets
Crackers
Mineral fibers
Polyurethane (foam)
Aerogel

Geological usage

Friable and indurated are terms used commonly in soft-rock geology, especially with sandstones, mudstones, and shales to describe how well the component rock fragments are held together.

Examples:

Clumps of dried clay
Chalk
Perlite

Medical usage

The term friable is also used to describe tumors in medicine. This is an important determination because tumors that are easily torn apart have a higher risk of malignancy and metastasis.

Examples:

Some forms of cancer, such as atrial myxoma
An inflamed gallbladder

Pharmaceutical usage

Friability testing is a laboratory technique used by the pharmaceutical industry to test the durability of tablets during transit. This testing involves repeatedly dropping a sample of tablets over a fixed time, using a rotating wheel with a baffle. The result is inspected for broken tablets, and the percentage of tablet mass lost through chipping. A typical specification will allow a non-zero percentage of chipping, and zero broken tablets.

References

^ Lauren. "The Common Parlance". thecommonparlance.blogspot.ca.

External links

UK Advisory Committee Treatise On Friable Ceramic Fibres

This material-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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