WordNet

a conduit to carry off smoke
flowing together (同)merging
an organ stop with the tone of a flue pipe

PrepTutorEJDIC

煙突などの煙・蒸気・排気ガスなどの)通路,導管;(煙突の)煙道,(煙管ボイラーの)炎管
インフルエンザ,流感

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/05/27 16:58:14」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

A seven-flue chimney in a four storey Georgian house in London, showing alternative methods of sweeping

A flue is a duct, pipe, or opening in a chimney for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, furnace, water heater, boiler, or generator to the outdoors. Historically the term flue meant the chimney itself.^[1] In the United States, they are also known as vents for boilers and as breeching for water heaters and modern furnaces. They usually operate by buoyancy, also known as the stack effect, or the combustion products may be 'induced' via a blower. As combustion products contain carbon monoxide and other dangerous compounds, proper 'draft', and admission of replacement air is imperative. Building codes, and other standards, regulate their materials, design, and installation.

Heat retention

Flues are adjustable and are designed to release noxious gases to the atmosphere. They often have the disadvantageous effect of releasing useful household heat to the atmosphere when not properly set—the very opposite of why the fire was lit in the first place.

Fireplaces are one of the biggest energy wasters when the flue is not used properly. This occurs when the flue is left open too wide after the fire is started. Known as convection, warm air from the house is pulled up the chimney, while cold air from outside is pulled into the house wherever it can enter, including around leaking windows and doors. Ideally, the flue should be open all the way when the fire is first started, and then adjusted toward closure as the fire burns until it is open just enough to slowly pull smoke from the fire up the chimney. After the flue heats up from the fire, they are easier to move, but also hotter. Hands should be protected when operating the flue lever; and if a new log is added to the fire, the flue must be adjusted again to ensure that smoke does not billow out into the house.

In some countries, wood fire flues are often built into a heat preserving construction within which the flue gases circulate over heat retaining bricks before release to the atmosphere. The heat retaining bricks are covered in a decorative material such as brick, tiles or stone. This flue gas circulation avoids the considerable heat loss to the chimney and outside air in conventional systems. The heat from the flue gases is absorbed quickly by the bricks and then released slowly to the house rather than the chimney. In a well insulated home, a single load fire burning for one and a half hours twice a day is enough to keep an entire home warm for a 24-hour period. In this way, less fuel is used, and noxious emissions are reduced. Sometimes, the flue incorporates a second combustion chamber where combustibles in the flue gas are burnt a second time, reducing soot, noxious emissions and increasing overall efficiency.

Other uses

Organs

The term flue is also used to define certain pipe organ pipes, or rather, their construction or style.

Bath-houses

Roman thermae constructed centuries ago had flues.

Boilers

Another use of the term is for the internal flues of a flued boiler.

Flue-types

Flue-types include:

Open flue—An open flued appliance draws combustion air from its surroundings; exhaust gases rise in a vortex up the open flue. The 19th century Rumford fireplace is an appliance that elegantly refined this principle.
Closed flue—When an air duct brings combustion air directly to an appliance, there is no air movement between the room containing the appliance. This makes Room Sealed appliances intrinsically safe, since products of combustion (POCs) cannot normally escape into the room. Two major types of closed flues are used with Room Sealed appliances:
- Balanced flue—Use the natural draught created by the hot exhaust, so the flue is as short as possible, usually sufficiently long to pass through an external wall against or near which the appliance is installed. The balanced flue terminal has both flue outlet and air inlet in close proximity, so any draughts or wind gusts pressure both equally and cancel out in the appliance. Thus the burner flame and even pilot lights are not affected.^[2]
- Power flue—Fanned flues use the pressure created by a fan to power the movement of outside air into the appliance and combustion products to external air. Thus air and flue ducts can be much longer, of smaller diameter, and include changes of direction. Most ducting is concentric; the air duct contains the smaller flue duct within it. Thus a leak from the inner flue duct will only leak the exhaust into the appliance rather than into a room. However longer runs are possible with two-pipe systems where the flue and air ducts run separately. Instead of using closed flues, some power flues use open flues, taking combustion air from the room housing the appliance. As with all open flues, the provision of adequate ventilation to supply combustion air to such appliances is vitally important.^[3]
False flue—While two or three flues may be required for separate heat sources, several "false" flues may be added at the top of a chimney for aesthetic purpose.^[4]

Die flue—a flue in a die used in injection molding^{[clarification needed]}

References

^ Oxford English Dictionary. Flue, n3.
^ http://www.diynot.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=38227#ixzz2wAmqbsAT
^ http://www.diynot.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=38227#ixzz2wAoHpuad
^ https://books.google.com/books?id=0rirajvl9PYC&pg=PA236&dq=correct+three+flue+design&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ayomU9GmHqqoyAG0voGABg&ved=0CFsQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=correct%20three%20flue%20design&f=false

English Journal

Mechanisms and reaction pathways for simultaneous oxidation of NOx and SO2 by ozone determined by in situ IR measurements.

Sun C1, Zhao N1, Zhuang Z1, Wang H2, Liu Y1, Weng X1, Wu Z3.
Journal of hazardous materials.J Hazard Mater.2014 Jun 15;274C:376-383. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.04.027. Epub 2014 Apr 21.
Ozone (O3) oxidation combined with wet scrubbing is a promising method for the simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx in flue gas. In this study, the O3 oxidation processes of NO and SO2, as well as their coexistence, were investigated using an in situ IR spectrometer. Experimental results showed that
PMID 24801895

Performance of a haloalkaliphilic bioreactor and bacterial community shifts under different COD/SO42- ratios and hydraulic retention times.

Zhou JM1, Song ZY2, Yan DJ1, Liu YL1, Yang MH2, Cao HB3, Xing JM4.
Journal of hazardous materials.J Hazard Mater.2014 Jun 15;274C:53-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.061. Epub 2014 Apr 8.
Sulfur dioxide from flue gas was converted into sulfate after the absorption of alkaline solutions. Haloalkaliphilic microorganisms have been used in reducing sulfate to decrease expenses and avoid sulfide inhibition. The effects of different COD/SO42- ratios and hydraulic retention times (HRTs) on
PMID 24762701

Microwave-assisted conversion of microcrystalline cellulose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural catalyzed by ionic liquids.

Qu Y1, Wei Q2, Li H1, Oleskowicz-Popiel P3, Huang C4, Xu J5.
Bioresource technology.Bioresour Technol.2014 Jun;162:358-64. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.081. Epub 2014 Apr 1.
Ionic liquid (IL) has been widely investigated in 5-HMF production from biomass. However, most of studies employed IL as reaction solvent which requires a large amount of IL. In the present study, IL was utilized as catalyst in the conversion of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) to 5-HMF under microw
PMID 24768890

Japanese Journal

新エネルギーボイラーガス式給水加熱器設置による省エネルギー (省エネルギー特集)

濵田浩晃
紙パ技協誌 = Japan TAPPI journal 68(6), 609-615, 2014-06
NAID 40020079973

固定発生源におけるエアロゾルの生成と排出挙動 (特別号東アジアにおけるエアロゾルの植物・人間系へのインパクト) -- (エアロゾルの生成と排出源の評価)

神谷秀博,並木則和,塚田まゆみ [他]
エアロゾル研究 29 (Special Issue.1), 27-37, 2014-02
NAID 40020005383

JIS Z 8852:2013 排ガス中のダスト濃度の連続測定方法紹介と解説

田森行男
粉体技術 6(2), 191-193, 2014-02
NAID 40019965212

Related Pictures

Flue For Chimney - Image Of Ruostejarvi.org The Anatomy of a Fireplace: Flues, Chimneys and More | DIY [when is it safe to fireplace flue] - 28 images - triple wall metal chimneys for Stainless Steel Traveller Stove Rain Flue Cowl 100mm Diameter - savvysurf.co.uk Inspection Tee 80 mm (3 Chimney Flue Lining in Bedfordshire Cambridgeshire Hertfordshire Chimney Flue Pipe Creative - Karenefoley Porch and Chimney Ever : Tips Installing

★リンクテーブル★

拡張検索	「nonfluent aphasia」「influenza virus hemagglutinin glycoprotein」「swine influenza virus」「influenza vaccination」
関連記事	「flu」