florin

　

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1. (1971年まで用いられた)英国のフロリン銀貨(2シリングに相当)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/12/30 20:50:40」(JST)

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For other people of the same name, see Florin (name).

Florin derives from the city of Florence (or Firenze) in Italy and frequently refers to the (fiorino d'oro) gold coin struck in 1252.

This money format was borrowed in other countries and the word florin was used, for example, in relation to the Dutch guilder (abbreviated to Fl) as well as the coin first issued in 1344 by Edward III of England, then valued at six shillings, composed of 108 grains (6.99828 grams) of gold with a purity of 23 carats and 3¹⁄₂ grains (or 23⁷⁄₈ carats).^{[citation needed]}, and more recently relating to a British pre-decimal silver coin (later nickel silver) piece also known as a two shilling 'bit' (abbreviation 2/-) worth 24 pence or one-tenth of a pound.

Florin may therefore also refer to:

Modern currency

• The Netherlands Antillean guilder (abbreviated ANG) is also known as a "florin", and abbreviated NAFl
• Aruban florin, the currency of Aruba
• Hungarian forint, the official currency of Hungary
• The currency sign "ƒ", called the florin sign

Obsolete currency

• East African florin, used in British East Africa from 1920 to 1921
• Lombardy-Venetia florin, used in the pre-unification Italian state of Lombardy-Veneto 1862-1866

Obsolete denominations

• Austro-Hungarian gulden (Austro-Hungarian forint), used from 1754 to 1892
• Dutch guilder, used in the Netherlands from 1680 to 2002
• Florin (Aragonese coin), minted in the 14th century
• Florin (Australian coin), used from 1910 to 1966
• Florin (English coin), a rare old gold coin valued at six shillings, used only in 1344
• Florin (Irish coin), a two-shilling coin produced from 1928 to 1968
• Florin (Italian coin), minted in Florence in 1252 (origin of the name "florin"), first gold coin minted in significant quantities in Western Europe since the 7th century
• Florin (New Zealand coin), minted from 1933 to 1965
• South German gulden, used from 1754 to 1873
• Florin (British coin), British coin produced from 1849 to 1970 with its denomination inscribed variously one florin, two shillings, or with both denominations

Places

• Florin, California, in Sacramento County, California, United States
• Florin Court

Fictional currency and places

• A currency unit in the computer games Medieval: Total War and Medieval II: Total War, set during Medieval Europe.
• One of the two main countries in William Goldman's The Princess Bride (the other is Guilder)
• The type of currency used in the video games Assassin's Creed II and Assassin's Creed Brotherhood, set during late 15th century Italy.
• The currency used in the Stardust (2007 film).
• The currency of the Republic of Cinnabar, the major political entity in David Drake's RCN Series.

References

The History of the Florin [1]

English Journal

• Host-cell factors involved in papillomavirus entry.

• Florin L, Sapp M, Spoden GA.SourceDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 67, 55131, Mainz, Germany, lflorin@uni-mainz.de.
• Medical microbiology and immunology.Med Microbiol Immunol.2012 Nov;201(4):437-48. doi: 10.1007/s00430-012-0270-1. Epub 2012 Sep 13.
• Papillomaviruses infect skin and mucosa where they induce warts and cancers. For entry to occur, they sequentially engage numerous host proteins, allowing them to deliver their genetic information into target cells. This multistep process starts with initial binding via its L1 major capsid protein,
• PMID 22972234

• Monitoring of volatile organic compounds using a single tin dioxide sensor.

• Caldararu F, Vatra C, Caldararu M.SourceEcological University of Bucharest, Department of Environmental Engineering, Bd. Vasile Milea, no.1G, Bucharest RO-061341, Romania. florin@ecosen.ro.
• Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM.J Environ Monit.2012 Oct 26;14(10):2616-23. Epub 2012 Aug 23.
• The paper describes a new and simple method for monitoring volatile organic compounds resulting from a specific industrial indoor process. The method is based on the characteristics of tin dioxide sensors to be sensitive and non-selective to a large variety of gases. We use these characteristics to
• PMID 22918452

Japanese Journal

• P1-1-4 熱応答性の微小器具による組織生検の検討(新技術・工夫,一般演題ポスター,第36回日本呼吸器内視鏡学会学術集会)

• 山中 澄隆,Gultepe Evin,Laflin Kate,Kadam Sachin,Kallo Anthony,Gracias David,Selaru Florin
• 気管支学 : 日本気管支研究会雑誌 35(Supplement), S192, 2013-05-20
• NAID 110009702046

• PS-054-4 胃癌において,MicroRNA-21はSerpini1の抗腫瘍効果を阻害する(PS ポスターセッション,第113回日本外科学会定期学術集会)

• 山中 澄隆,Olaru Alexandru,Tomuleasa Ciprian,Mezey Esteban,Florin Selaru
• 日本外科学会雑誌 114(臨時増刊号2), 594, 2013-03-05
• NAID 110009714977

• Pyrosequencing Analysis of Microbiota in Kaburazushi, a Traditional Medieval Sushi in Japan

• KOYANAGI Takashi,NAKAGAWA Akira,KIYOHARA Masashi,MATSUI Hiroshi,YAMAMOTO Keiko,BARLA Florin,TAKE Harumi,KATSUYAMA Yoko,TSUJI Atsushi,SHIJIMAYA Masahisa,NAKAMURA Shizuo,MINAMI Hiromichi,ENOMOTO Toshiki,KATAYAMA Takane,KUMAGAI Hidehiko
• Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 77(10), 2125-2130, 2013
• The processing of archetypal Japanese sushi involves microbial fermentation. The traditional sushi kaburazushi, introduced in the middle ages, is made by fermenting salted yellow tail, salted turnip, …
• NAID 130003381908

Related Links

• Florin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Florin derives from the city of Florence (or Firenze) in Italy and frequently refers to the (fiorino d'oro) gold coin struck in 1252. This money format was borrowed in other countries and the word florin was used, for example, in relation to the Dutch ...

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