flexor pollicis longus

長母指屈筋

WordNet

1. primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified; "a long life"; "a long boring speech"; "a long time"; "a long friendship"; "a long game"; "long ago"; "an hour long"
2. (of speech sounds or syllables) of relatively long duration; "the English vowel sounds in `bate, `beat, `bite, `boat, `boot are long"
3. for an extended distance
4. for an extended time or at a distant time; "a promotion long overdue"; "something long hoped for"; "his name has long been forgotten"; "talked all night long"; "how long will you be gone?"; "arrived long before he was expected"; "it is long after your bedtime"
5. having or being more than normal or necessary:"long on brains"; "in long supply"
6. holding securities or commodities in expectation of a rise in prices; "is long on coffee"; "a long position in gold"
7. involving substantial risk; "long odds"
8. of relatively great height; "a race of long gaunt men"- Sherwood Anderson; "looked out the long French windows"
9. primarily spatial sense; of relatively great or greater than average spatial extension or extension as specified; "a long road"; "a long distance"; "contained many long words"; "ten miles long"
10. exhibit the strength of; "The victorious army flexes its invincibility"
11. the act of flexing; "he gave his biceps a flex to impress the ladies"
12. bend a joint; "flex your wrists"; "bend your knees" (同)bend
13. cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form; "bend the rod"; "twist the dough into a braid"; "the strong man could turn an iron bar" (同)bend, deform, twist, turn
14. contract; "flex a muscle"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (距離・物の長さが)『長い』 / (時間が)『長い』,長く続く / 《時間・距離などを表離などを表す語を伴って》長さが…の / 『長々しい』,あきあきする / (数量が標準よりも)『多い』,長い / (人が)やせてひょろ長い / 長く,長い間,久しく / …じゅう / ずっと(前に,後に) / 長い間
2. 『熱望する』
3. (仕事などを始める準備運動として)〈手足など〉‘を'曲げる,〈筋肉〉‘を'縮める
4. 電線,電気のコード

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/01/18 17:58:59」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Flexor pollicis longus muscle
Front of the left forearm. Deep muscles. (Flexor pollicis longus is shown in blue)
Details
Origin	The middle 2/4 of the anterior surface of the radius and the adjacent interosseus membrane.
Insertion	The base of the distal phalanx of the thumb
Artery	Anterior interosseus artery
Nerve	Anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median nerve) (C8, T1)
Actions	Flexion of the thumb.
Antagonist	Extensor pollicis longus muscle, Extensor pollicis brevis muscle
Identifiers
Latin	Musculus flexor pollicis longus
TA	A04.6.02.037
FMA	38481
Anatomical terms of muscle [edit on Wikidata]

The flexor pollicis longus (FPL, Latin flexor, bender; pollicis, of the thumb; longus, long) (/ˈflɛksər ˈpɒlᵻsᵻs ˈlɒŋɡəs/)) is a muscle in the forearm and hand that flexes the thumb. It lies in the same plane as the flexor digitorum profundus.

This muscle is unique to humans, being "either rudimentary or absent" in other primates.

Human anatomy

Origin and insertion

It arises from the grooved anterior (side of palm) surface of the body of the radius, extending from immediately below the radial tuberosity and oblique line to within a short distance of the pronator quadratus muscle. An occasionally present accessory long head of the flexor pollicis longus muscle is called 'Gantzer's muscle'. It may cause compression of the anterior interosseous nerve.

It arises also from the adjacent part of the interosseous membrane of the forearm, and generally by a fleshy slip from the medial border of the coronoid process of the ulna. In 40 per cent of cases, it is also inserted from the medial epicondyle of the humerus, and in those cases a tendinous connection with the humeral head of the flexor digitorum superficialis is present.

The fibers end in a flattened tendon, which passes beneath the flexor retinaculum of the hand through the carpal tunnel. It is then lodged between the lateral head of the flexor pollicis brevis and the oblique part of the adductor pollicis, and, entering an osseoaponeurotic canal similar to those for the flexor tendons of the fingers, is inserted into the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb.

Relations

The anterior interosseous nerve (a branch of the median nerve) and the anterior interosseous artery and vein pass downward on the front of the interosseous membrane between the flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus.

Injuries to tendons are particularly difficult to recover from due to the limited blood supply they receive.

Actions

The flexor pollicis longus is a flexor of the phalanges of the thumb; when the thumb is fixed, it assists by flexing the wrist.

Innervation

The flexor pollicis longus is supplied by the anterior interosseous(C8-T1) branch of the median nerve (C5-T1).

Variations

Slips may connect with flexor digitorum superficialis muscle, flexor digitorum profundus muscle (resulting in the Linburg-Comstock syndrome), or the pronator teres muscle. An additional tendon to the index finger is sometimes found.

Evolutionary variation

Modern humans are unique among hominids in having a flexor pollicis longus (FPL) muscle belly that is separate from that of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP). While the FPL is not a separate muscle belly in extant great apes, a distinct tendon from the FDP belly might be present. In some individuals this tendon tend to act more like a ligament which restricts extension of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb. In orangutans there is a tendon similar in insertion and function to the FPL in humans, but which has an intrinsic origin on the oblique head of the adductor pollicis.

Lesser apes (i.e. gibbons) and Old World monkeys (e.g. baboons) share an extrinsic FPL muscle tendon with humans. In most lesser apes the FPL belly is separate from the FDP belly, but in baboons the FPL tendon bifurcates from the FDP tendon at the wrist within the carpal tunnel and, because of the lack of differentiation in both the FDP and FPL musculature, it is unlikely that baboons can control individual digits independently.

Additional images

Bones of left forearm. Anterior aspect.  Bones of the left hand. Volar surface.  Cross-section through the middle of the forearm.  Transverse section across distal ends of radius and ulna.  Transverse section across the wrist and digits.  The mucous sheaths of the tendons on the front of the wrist and digits.  The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface.  Ulnar and radial arteries. Deep view.  Nerves of the left upper extremity.  Flexor pollicis longus muscle  Flexor pollicis longus muscle  Flexor pollicis longus muscle  Flexor pollicis longus muscle  Flexor pollicis longus muscle

Notes

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

• Gray, Henry (1918). "The Muscles and Fasciæ of the Forearm". Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body. 
• Platzer, Werner (2004). Color Atlas of Human Anatomy, Vol. 1: Locomotor System (5th ed.). Thieme. ISBN 3-13-533305-1. 
• Tocheri, Matthew W.; Orr, Caley M.; Jacofsky, Marc C.; Marzke, Mary W. (2008). "The evolutionary history of the hominin hand since the last common ancestor of Pan and Homo". Journal of Anatomy. 212 (4): 544–62. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.00865.x. PMC 2409097. PMID 18380869. 

External links

• 221577223 at GPnotebook
• PTCentral

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 遠位指節間関節の屈筋腱の損傷 （ジャージー指） flexor tendon injury of the distal interphalangeal joint jersey finger
• 2. 手指の解剖学 finger and thumb anatomy
• 3. 手首の解剖学および基本的な生体力学 anatomy and basic biomechanics of the wrist
• 4. 若年アスリートにおける足首痛の臨床的特徴およびマネージメント clinical features and management of ankle pain in the young athlete
• 5. 亜急性または慢性の手首の疼痛を有する成人の評価 evaluation of the adult with subacute or chronic wrist pain

English Journal

• Ulnar collateral ligament strain of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint: biomechanical comparison of two postoperative immobilization techniques.

• Lien JR1, Brunfeldt A1, Julka A1, Hughes RE1, Ozer K1, Lawton JN1.
• Hand (New York, N.Y.).Hand (N Y).2015 Dec;10(4):721-5. doi: 10.1007/s11552-015-9747-x. Epub 2015 Feb 18.
• BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare postoperative immobilization techniques of the thumb metacarpophalangeal (MP) ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) in a cadaver model of a noncompliant patient.METHODS: A cadaveric model with fresh-frozen forearms was used to simulate pinch under two immob
• PMID 26568730

• Acute Multiple Flexor Tendon Injury and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome After Open Distal Radius Fracture.

• Erickson J1, Culp B, Kayiaros S, Monica J.
• American journal of orthopedics (Belle Mead, N.J.).Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ).2015 Nov;44(11):E458-60.
• Although the rupture of extensor tendons after distal radius fractures is well described, acute flexor tendon ruptures are much less common. We report a case of acute rupture of the flexor pollicis longus and flexor carpi radialis tendons with acute carpal tunnel syndrome after a Gustilo-Anderson ty
• PMID 26566562

• Pediatric Trigger Digits.

• Bauer AS1, Bae DS2.
• The Journal of hand surgery.J Hand Surg Am.2015 Nov;40(11):2304-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2015.04.041. Epub 2015 Oct 1.
• Pediatric trigger thumb presents not at birth but early in childhood. Most evidence suggests that it is caused by a developmental size mismatch between the flexor pollicis longus tendon and its sheath. Patients generally present with the thumb interphalangeal joint locked in flexion. Surgical review
• PMID 26440744

Japanese Journal

• 臨床室 長母指屈筋腱皮下断裂の2例

• 整形外科 = Orthopedic surgery 66(10), 1064-1067, 2015-09
• NAID 40020565156

• 橈骨遠位端骨折に対する掌側プレート固定術後に長母指屈筋腱断裂を生じた1例

• 中部日本整形外科災害外科学会雑誌 58(5), 997-998, 2015
• NAID 130005114423

• Ultrasound Evaluation of the Transverse Movement of the Flexor Pollicis Longus Tendon on the Distal Radius during Wrist and Finger Motion in Healthy Volunteers

• Journal of Nippon Medical School 82(5), 220-228, 2015
• NAID 130005108927

Related Links

• Flexor Pollicis Longus Muscle Origin, Anatomy & Function ...

The flexor pollicis longus muscle is located in the lower half of the arm, from the elbow down. It is an anatomical part that is unique to humans. The muscle extends into the hand and aids with thumb flexion. It originates from the ...

• Flexor Pollicis Longus - Peripheral Nerve Surgery

Possible Substitutions: Includes the extensor pollicis longus by hyperextending the interphalangeal joint and allowing it to relax. This can sometimes appear to be flexor pollicis longus function when actually it is the relaxation of the ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「長母指屈筋」
関連記事	「flex」「long」「flexor」「longus」

「長母指屈筋」

　　[★]

英

flexor pollicis longus (K,KH) FPL, flexor pollicis longus muscle (N)

ラ

musculus flexor pollicis longus

関

上肢の筋

起始

• 橈骨(前面中1/3)

停止

• 母指(末節骨の掌側)

神経

• 正中神経

機能

• 母指を屈曲(IP・MP関節)

カテゴリ

浅指屈筋、深指屈筋、長母指屈筋

「flex」

　　[★]

• n.

• 屈曲

• v.

• 曲がる、曲げる

関

bend、bending、curvature、curve、flexion、inflection

　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「long」

　　[★]

長い、望む

関

desire、hope、lengthy、wish

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「flexor」

　　[★]

• n.

• 屈筋、屈側の、屈側性

関

flexor muscle

「longus」

　　[★]

• extensor digitorum longus muscle