WordNet

of or relating to the vulva (同)vulval
purely outward or superficial; "external composure"; "an external concern for reputation"- A.R.Gurney,Jr.
outward features; "he enjoyed the solemn externals of religion"
coming from the outside; "extraneous light in the camera spoiled the photograph"; "relying upon an extraneous income"; "disdaining outside pressure groups" (同)extraneous, outside
from or between other countries; "external commerce"; "international trade"; "developing nations need outside help" (同)international, outside
happening or arising or located outside or beyond some limits or especially surface; "the external auditory canal"; "external pressures"
of or relating to the external sex organs; "genital herpes"; "venereal disease" (同)venereal
external sex organ (同)genital_organ, genitals, private_parts, privates, crotch
a nonresident doctor or medical student; connected with a hospital but not living there (同)medical extern

PrepTutorEJDIC

『外側の』,外部の / (作用・動作などが)『外側からの』,外部からの / 表面上の,見せかけの / 体外の;体外用の / 外国の(foreign) / (…の)外観,外形《+『of』+『名』》
生殖の,生殖器の
=genitals

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/07/01 09:47:20」(JST)

wiki en

Flowers are the sex organs of flowering plants.

A sex organ, or primary sexual characteristic, as narrowly defined, is any of the anatomical parts of the body which are involved in sexual reproduction and constitute the reproductive system in a complex organism; flowers are the reproductive organs of flowering plants,^[1] cones are the reproductive organs of coniferous plants,^[2] whereas mosses, ferns, and other similar plants have gametangia for reproductive organs.^[3]

Animals[edit]

Mammals[edit]

Main articles: Mammal reproductive system, Sexual reproduction in mammals,

In mammals, sex organs include:

Female	Male
Bartholin's glands cervix clitoris clitoral frenulum clitoral glans (glans clitoridis) clitoral hood Fallopian tubes labium labia majora labia minora frenulum of labia minora ovaries Skene's gland uterus vagina vulva Human female external sex organ	bulbourethral glands epididymis penis foreskin frenulum of penis glans penis prostate scrotum seminal vesicles testicles Human male external sex organs

Human genitals[edit]

Main articles: Human male reproductive system and Human female reproductive system

The visible portion of the human genitals for males consists of scrotum and a penis, for females it consists of the labia, clitoris and vagina. Women have two genital orifices, the vagina and urethra, while men have only one, the urethra. Both male and female genitals have many nerve endings, resulting in pleasurable and highly sensitive touch.^[4]^[5]

In most human societies, particularly in conservative ones, genitals are considered a public indecency and sometimes even illegal if left uncovered in public.^[6]

Development[edit]

Main article: Development of the reproductive system

In typical prenatal development, sexual organs originate from a common anlage anatomy during early gestation and differentiate into male or female variations. The SRY gene, usually located on the Y chromosome and encoding the testis determining factor, determines the direction of this differentiation. The absence of it allows the gonads to continue to develop into ovaries.

Thereafter, the development of the internal reproductive organs and the external genitalia is determined by hormones produced by certain fetal gonads (ovaries or testes) and the cells' response to them. The initial appearance of the fetal genitalia (a few weeks after conception) looks basically feminine: a pair of "urogenital folds" with a small protuberance in the middle, and the urethra behind the protuberance. If the fetus has testes, and if the testes produce testosterone, and if the cells of the genitals respond to the testosterone, the outer urogenital folds swell and fuse in the midline to produce the scrotum; the protuberance grows larger and straighter to form the penis; the inner urogenital swellings grow, wrap around the penis, and fuse in the midline to form the penile urethra.

Each sexual organ in one sex has a homologous counterpart in the other one. See a list of homologues of the human reproductive system.

In a larger perspective, the whole process of sexual differentiation also includes development of secondary sexual characteristics such as patterns of pubic and facial hair and female breasts that emerge at puberty. Furthermore, differences in brain structure arise, affecting, but not absolutely determining, behavior.

Intersex genitalia refers to the development of both female and male organs in one body. Once born the parents are faced with the difficult decision to make. At times they rely on the doctors to make the right choice but even then they themselves at times commit mistakes. The doctors have a fifty fifty chance to get the sex right. If they were to make the wrong choice the life of the individual is most likely to be lived uncertain.^[7]

Plants[edit]

Flowering plants[edit]

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants involves the union of the male and female germ cells. The sex organs, contained within the flower, may contain both male and female sex organs (these are known as perfect, bisexual, or hermaphrodite) or only one of the two (known as imperfect or unisexual). Also, those plants whose flowers are unisexual may contain both male and female flowers, or there may be purely male and female plants of the same species.

During a plant's sexual reproduction the stamen (male sex organ) produces pollen from an anther. These male germ cells are carried to the pistil (female sex organ), with the ovary at its base where fertilization can take place. The male germ cells can be carried by air, rain, water, insects or other symbiotic animals, or simply by gravity.

Terminology[edit]

The Latin term genitalia, sometimes anglicized as genital area, is used to describe the externally visible sex organs, known as primary genitalia or external genitalia: in males, the penis and scrotum; and in females, the clitoris and vulva.

The other, hidden sex organs are referred to as the secondary genitalia or internal genitalia. The most important of these are the gonads, a pair of sex organs, specifically the testes in the male or the ovaries in the female. Gonads are the true sex organs, generating reproductive gametes containing inheritable DNA. They also produce most of the primary hormones that affect sexual development, and regulate other sexual organs and sexually differentiated behaviors.

A more ambiguously defined term is erogenous zone, subjectively, any portion of the body that when stimulated produces erotic sensation, but always prominently including the genitalia.

Anatomical terms related to sex[edit]

The following is a list of anatomical terms related to sex and sexuality:

Anterior fornix erogenous zone
Areola
Bartholin's gland
Breast
Bulbospongiosus muscle
Bulbourethral gland
Cervix
Pudendal cleft
Clitoris
Corona of glans penis
Corpus cavernosum of clitoris
Corpus spongiosum penis
Cremaster muscle
Dartos
Deep perineal pouch
Egg (biology)
Ejaculatory duct
Endometrium
Epididymis
Fallopian tube
Foreskin
Frenulum
Frenulum clitoridis
Frenulum labiorum pudendi
Frenulum of prepuce of penis
Fundiform ligament
G-Spot
Gartner's duct
Genital tubercle
Genitofemoral nerve
Glans
Hymen
Internal pudendal artery
Intromittent organ
Ischiocavernosus muscle
Labia majora
Labia minora
Labium (genitalia)
Mammary gland
meatus
Mons pubis
Müllerian duct
Nipple
Ovary
Ovum
Penile artery
Penis
Perineum
Prepuce
Prostate
Pubic hair
Pubic symphysis
Pubococcygeus muscle
Pudendal nerve
Perineal raphe
Recto-uterine pouch
Ridged band
Scrotum
Seminal vesicle
Seminiferous tubule
Skene's gland
Spermatic cord
Spermatozoon
Splanchnic nerves
Testicle
Tunica albuginea of testis
Urethra
Urethral sphincter
Urethral sponge
Uterus
Vagina
Vas deferens
Vulva

References[edit]

^ "Flowering Plant Reproduction". Emc.maricopa.edu. 2010-05-18. Retrieved 2012-08-01.
^ ibiblio.org
^ "Mosses and Ferns". Biology.clc.uc.edu. 2001-03-16. Retrieved 2012-08-01.
^ Sexual Intimacy in Marriage William Cutrer
^ Daphne's Dance: True Tales in the Evolution of Woman's Sexual Awareness Brigitta Olsen
^ Unpopular Privacy: What Must We Hide? retrieved 9 February 2012
^ Fausto Sterling, Anne (2000). Sexing The Body. New York: New York. pp. 44–77.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 婦人科歴および内診 the gynecologic history and pelvic examination
2. 外陰部異常を有する幼児のマネージメント management of the infant with ambiguous genitalia
3. 女性泌尿生殖器の外科解剖学 surgical female urogenital anatomy
4. 小陰唇肥大症 labia minora hypertrophy
5. 新生児の評価 assessment of the newborn infant

English Journal

Complications after double-barreled wet colostomy compared to separate urinary and fecal diversion during pelvic exenteration: Time to change back?

Backes FJ, Tierney BJ, Eisenhauer EL, Bahnson RR, Cohn DE, Fowler JM.SourceDivision of Gynecologic Oncology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
Gynecologic oncology.Gynecol Oncol.2013 Jan;128(1):60-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.08.004. Epub 2012 Aug 11.
OBJECTIVE: To assess complications associated with double-barreled wet colostomy (DBWC) in the first six months after pelvic exenteration as compared to separate urinary and fecal diversion (SUD).METHODS: A single institution retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients who underwent a p
PMID 22892363

Problematic issues in the staging of endometrial, cervical and vulval carcinomas.

Hirschowitz L, Nucci M, Zaino RJ.SourceDepartment of Cellular Pathology, Birmingham Women's NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK.
Histopathology.Histopathology.2013 Jan;62(1):176-202. doi: 10.1111/his.12058.
The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging of tumours of the uterine corpus, cervix and vulva was revised in 2009. The greatest impact of the revised staging was on carcinomas of the uterine corpus. Uterine sarcomas are now staged separately. Changes to the staging syst
PMID 23240675

Japanese Journal

コオナガミズスマシ(甲虫目, ミズスマシ科)の京都における再発見と形態

吉安裕,広岡佑太,中尾史郎
京都府立大学学術報告. 生命環境学 64, 9-13, 2012-12-25
… A SEM observation on the external features was made for the adult female. … The female genitalia were described and drawn for the first time, being compared with those of O. …
NAID 110009555824

非触知精巣に対する腹腔鏡検査でミュラー管遺残症と診断した1例

後藤大輔,青木勝也,大塚憲司
泌尿器科紀要 58(9), 507-509, 2012-09
… Persistent mullerian duct syndrome describes a group of patients with a 46 XY karyotype and normal male external genitalia, but internal mullerian structures. … Inguinal herniorrhaphy was performed and laparoscopy was done for search of a right impalpable testis and internal genitalia simultaneously. …
NAID 40019429555

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「外性器」「genitalium」「vulvae」「外生殖器」「vulval」
関連記事	「genital」「external」

「外性器」

　　[★]

英: external genitalia, edea
関: 外陰部
同: 外生殖器

[show details]

外性器 : 約 161,000 件
外生殖器 : 約 3,800 件

発生(みえ9.47)

		女性	男性
生殖結節		陰核	陰茎
排泄腔膜	尿生殖膜	膣前庭	(閉鎖)
排泄腔膜	肛門膜
排泄腔ヒダ	尿道ヒダ	小陰唇	包皮
排泄腔ヒダ	肛門ヒダ
生殖隆起		大陰唇	陰嚢