WordNet

purely outward or superficial; "external composure"; "an external concern for reputation"- A.R.Gurney,Jr.
outward features; "he enjoyed the solemn externals of religion"
coming from the outside; "extraneous light in the camera spoiled the photograph"; "relying upon an extraneous income"; "disdaining outside pressure groups" (同)extraneous, outside
from or between other countries; "external commerce"; "international trade"; "developing nations need outside help" (同)international, outside
happening or arising or located outside or beyond some limits or especially surface; "the external auditory canal"; "external pressures"
a major thoroughfare that bears important traffic
a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body (同)arteria, arterial blood vessel
of or relating to either of the two major arteries supplying blood to the head and neck
a nonresident doctor or medical student; connected with a hospital but not living there (同)medical extern

PrepTutorEJDIC

『外側の』,外部の / (作用・動作などが)『外側からの』,外部からの / 表面上の,見せかけの / 体外の;体外用の / 外国の(foreign) / (…の)外観,外形《+『of』+『名』》
動脈 / (道路・水路・鉄道などの)勘線,(通信の)主チャンネル
頚(けい)動脈 / 頚動脈の

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/07/14 23:14:10」(JST)

wiki en

The external carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck. It arises from the common carotid artery when it bifurcates into the external and internal carotid artery.

Structure

The external carotid artery begins at the level of the upper border of thyroid cartilage, and, taking a slightly curved course, passes upward and forward, and then inclines backward to the space behind the neck of the mandible, where it divides into the superficial temporal and maxillary artery within the parotid gland.

It rapidly diminishes in size in its course up the neck, owing to the number and large size of the branches given off from it.

In the child, it is somewhat smaller than the internal carotid; but in the adult, the two vessels are of nearly equal size. At its origin, this artery is more superficial, and placed nearer the middle line than the internal carotid, and is contained within the carotid triangle.

Relations

The external carotid artery is covered by the skin, superficial fascia, Platysma, deep fascia, and anterior margin of the Sternocleidomastoideus; it is crossed by the hypoglossal nerve, by the lingual, ranine, common facial, and superior thyroid veins; and by the Digastricus and Stylohyoideus; higher up it passes deeply into the substance of the parotid gland, where it lies deep to the facial nerve and the junction of the temporal and internal maxillary veins.

Medial to it are the hyoid bone, the wall of the pharynx, the superior laryngeal nerve, and a portion of the parotid gland.

Lateral to it, in the lower part of its course, is the internal carotid artery.

Posterior to it, near its origin, is the superior laryngeal nerve; and higher up, it is separated from the internal carotid by the Styloglossus and Stylopharyngeus, the glossopharyngeal nerve, the pharyngeal branch of the vagus, and part of the parotid gland .

Function

From inferior to superior, the artery supplies:

Arising in carotid triangle^[1]**
- Superior thyroid artery-(arise from anterior aspect)
- Ascending pharyngeal artery-(arise from medial(deep)aspect)
- Lingual artery-(arise from anterior aspect)
- Facial artery-(arise from anterior aspect)
- Occipital artery-(arise from posterior aspect)

Posterior auricular artery-(arise from posterior aspect)

Terminal branches
- Maxillary artery
- Superficial temporal artery

Additional images

Branches of external carotid artery
The external carotid and vertebral arteries. Right side. Some of the branches labeled
The veins of the neck, viewed from in front.
The veins of the thyroid gland.
Muscles of the pharynx, viewed from behind, together with the associated vessels and nerves.
Side of neck, showing chief surface markings.
Magnetic Resonance Angiography
External carotid artery
External carotid artery
External carotid artery
External carotid artery
External carotid artery
External carotid artery
Muscles, arteries and nerves of neck.Newborn dissection.

References

^ Human Anatomy - Lab 25 Step 12

External links

This article uses anatomical terminology; for an overview, see anatomical terminology.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to External carotid artery.

External Carotid Artery and its branches | Medchrome
lesson5 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)
lesson4 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (infratempfossaart)
Diagram at umich.edu

UpToDate Contents

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1. 頚動脈狭窄の評価 evaluation of carotid artery stenosis
2. 頭蓋外頸動脈瘤 extracranial carotid artery aneurysm
3. 症候性頸動脈アテローム性動脈硬化症のマネージメント management of symptomatic carotid atherosclerotic disease
4. 頸動脈ステントおよびその合併症 carotid artery stenting and its complications
5. 無症候性頸動脈アテローム性動脈硬化症のマネージメント management of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic disease

English Journal

Cerebral Protection with a Temporary Ascending Aorta-External Carotid Artery Bypass during Common Carotid Artery Revascularization.

Ugurlucan M1, Onal Y2, Oztas DM3, Canbay C3, Demir I3, Sayin OA3, Kilickesmez O4, Cakir MS4, Aydin K2, Alpagut U3.
Annals of vascular surgery.Ann Vasc Surg.2018 Jan;46:368.e13-368.e17. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2017.08.026. Epub 2017 Sep 7.
PMID 28890061

Giant Chest Wall Arteriovenous Malformation: A Case Report and Literature Review.

McCarthy C1, Deb S1, Maqusi S1, Gierman J2.
Annals of vascular surgery.Ann Vasc Surg.2018 Jan;46:369.e7-369.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2017.08.028. Epub 2017 Sep 7.
PMID 28890056

Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion by an Intraluminal Suture Method.

Crupi R1, Di Paola R1, Esposito E1, Cuzzocrea S2,3.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.).Methods Mol Biol.2018;1727:393-401. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7571-6_31.
PMID 29222799

Japanese Journal

The effect of muscle metaboreflex on the distribution of blood flow in cerebral arteries during isometric exercise

Ogoh Shigehiko,Sato Kohei,Hirasawa Ai,Sadamoto Tomoko
The journal of physiological sciences 69(2), 375-385, 2019-03
NAID 40021819068

頭蓋顔面外傷における難治性鼻咽頭出血に関する検討 : 外頸動脈領域経カテーテル的塞栓術および外頸動脈結紮術の適応に関する凝固線溶系異常の観点からの考察

谷崎眞輔,村崎岬,狩野謙一,前田重信,石田浩
日本外傷学会雑誌 33(3), 311-318, 2019
<p>　頭蓋顔面外傷に伴う鼻咽頭出血では, 外頸動脈領域に対する経カテーテル的動脈塞栓術 (transcatheter arterial embolization, 以下TAE) が必要となることが多い. 頭蓋底骨折, 顔面骨骨折, 頭頸部鋭的損傷いずれかを認めた頭蓋顔面外傷129例のうち, TAEの適応と判断した難治性鼻咽頭出血7例について検討した. 生存群4例では1例のみで重症頭部 …
NAID 130007681807

総頸動脈起始部狭窄症を合併した内頸動脈狭窄症に対する，Carotid Guardwire 2 本を用いたステント留置術

森田匠,黒崎義隆,半田明,沈正樹,山形専,石橋良太,藤本優貴,林智子,髙田賢介,氏原匡樹,上里弥波,山下北斗,紀之定昌則
脳血管内治療, 2019
… <p>【目的】総頸動脈起始部狭窄症（common carotid artery stenosis: CCAS）を合併した内頸動脈狭窄症（tandem lesion）に対するステント留置術について報告する．【方法】右大腿動脈穿刺でガイディングカテーテルを総頸動脈遠位に留置し，Carotid Guardwire（GW）による内頸動脈閉塞下で内頸動脈にステント留置した．外頸動脈に2本目のGW を誘導し拡張させ，2 本のGW を軸に総頸動脈にステ …
NAID 130007662401

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「外頚動脈」「頚動脈」「ECA」
関連記事	「external」「carotid」

「外頚動脈」

Artery: External carotid artery
	Arteries of the neck - right side. The external carotid artery arises from the common carotid artery - labeled Common caroti on the figure.
	Plan of branches of internal maxillary artery. (External carotid labeled at bottom left.)
Latin	arteria carotis externa
Gray's	p.551
Source	common carotid artery
Branches	superior thyroid, lingual, facial, ascending pharyngeal, occipital, posterior auricular, maxillary, superficial temporal
MeSH	Carotid+Artery,+External

　　[★]

英: external carotid artery ECA
ラ: arteria carotis externa
同: 外頸動脈

図：N.30
側面から見ると、顎二腹筋の深層を横切っている(N. 30)

起始

総頚動脈

走行

総頚動脈からの分岐は甲状軟骨上縁(C4?(M.),C6?(KL.627))
分岐直後は内頚動脈の前方かつ内側を上行する (KL.627)
下顎角の内側を走行し、下顎角のあたりから次第に後方に寄り耳介の前方に至る

枝 (KL.627)

(200%,Red){8本};の枝を出す

「頚動脈」

　　[★]

英: carotid artery
ラ: arteria carotis
同: 頸動脈
関: 外頸動脈

総頚動脈、外頚動脈、内頚動脈の総称？

頚動脈

総頚動脈 common carotid artery

止血点

The sixth cervical vertebra is a critical boundary of the root of the neck. To enter the neck from the chest, the vascular structures pass through a ringlike opening bounded by the scalene muscles laterally, the sternum and first ribs anteriorly, and the vertebrae(notably C6)