extensor digitorum communis muscle

指伸筋

WordNet

1. make ones way by force; "He muscled his way into the office"
2. animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells (同)muscular_tissue
3. one of the contractile organs of the body (同)musculus
4. authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way); "the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈U〉(動物体の組織としての)『筋肉』,筋(きん);〈C〉(体の各部を動かす)筋肉 / 〈U〉力,(特に)筋力,腕力 / 《俗に》(…に)強引に割り込む《+『in on』(『into, through』)+『名』》
2. 筋肉の,筋力のある / 力ずくの

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/07/01 04:21:30」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Extensor digitorum muscle
Posterior surface of the forearm. Superficial muscles. Extensor digitorum muscle is labeled in purple.
Transverse section across the wrist and digits. (Ext. dig. communis labeled at bottom center.)
Details
Origin	lateral epicondyle (common extensor tendon)
Insertion	extensor expansion of middle and distal phalanges of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th fingers
Artery	posterior interosseous artery
Nerve	radial nerve
Actions	extension of hand, wrist and fingers
Antagonist	Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle, Flexor digitorum profundus muscle
Identifiers
Latin	musculus extensor digitorum
Dorlands /Elsevier	m_22/12548891
TA	A04.6.02.042
FMA	38500
Anatomical terms of muscle [edit on Wikidata]

The extensor digitorum muscle (also known as extensor digitorum communis) is a muscle of the posterior forearm present in humans and other animals. It extends the medial four digits of the hand.

Structure

It arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, by the common tendon; from the intermuscular septa between it and the adjacent muscles, and from the antebrachial fascia. It divides below into four tendons, which pass, together with that of the extensor indicis proprius, through a separate compartment of the dorsal carpal ligament, within a mucous sheath. The tendons then diverge on the back of the hand, and are inserted into the middle and distal phalanges of the fingers in the following manner.

Opposite the metacarpophalangeal articulation each tendon is bound by fasciculi to the collateral ligaments and serves as the dorsal ligament of this joint; after having crossed the joint, it spreads out into a broad aponeurosis, which covers the dorsal surface of the first phalanx and is reinforced, in this situation, by the tendons of the interossei and lumbricalis.

Opposite the first interphalangeal joint this aponeurosis divides into three slips; an intermediate and two collateral: the former is inserted into the base of the second phalanx; and the two collateral, which are continued onward along the sides of the second phalanx, unite by their contiguous margins, and are inserted into the dorsal surface of the last phalanx. As the tendons cross the interphalangeal joints, they furnish them with dorsal ligaments. The tendon to the index finger is accompanied by the extensor indicis proprius, which lies on its ulnar side. On the back of the hand, the tendons to the middle, ring, and little fingers are connected by two obliquely placed bands, one from the third tendon passing inferior and laterally to the second tendon, and the other passing from the same tendon inferior and medially to the fourth.

Occasionally the first tendon is connected to the second by a thin transverse band. Collectively, these are known as the sagittal bands; they serve to maintain the central alignment of the extensor tendons over the metacarpal head, thus increasing the available leverage. Injuries (such as by an external flexion force during active extension) may allow the tendon to dislocate into the intermetacarpal space; the extensor tendon then acts as a flexor and the finger may no longer be actively extended. This may be corrected surgically by using a slip of the extensor tendon to replace the damaged ligamentous band

Function

The extensor digitorum communis extends the phalanges, then the wrist, and finally the elbow. It tends to separate the fingers as it extends them.

In the fingers, the extensor digitoroum acts principally on the proximal phalanges, acting to extend the metacarpophalangeal joint. Extension of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints, however, is mediated predominantly by the dorsal and palmar interossei and lumbricals of the hand.

Additional images

Bones of left forearm. Posterior aspect.  Tendons of forefinger and vincula tendina.  Cross-section through the middle of the forearm.  Transverse section across distal ends of radius and ulna.  The mucous sheaths of the tendons on the back of the wrist.  Extensor digitorum communis muscle  Extensor digitorum muscles  Extensor digitorum muscle  Extensor digitorum muscle  Extensor digitorum muscle  Extensor digitorum muscle  Extensor digitorum muscle  Extensor digitorum muscle  Extensor digitorum muscle  Extensor digitorum muscle  Muscles of hand. Posterior view.  Muscles of hand. Posterior view.

See also

• Extensor digitorum brevis muscle (leg)
• Extensor digitorum longus muscle (leg)
• Extensor digitorum reflex (Braunecker-Effenberg reflex)

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

• -80412638 at GPnotebook

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 神経筋接合部の電気診断学的評価 electrodiagnostic evaluation of the neuromuscular junction
• 2. 指、手、および手首の骨折の概要 overview of finger hand and wrist fractures
• 3. 筋力低下の評価における筋力検査 muscle examination in the evaluation of weakness
• 4. 慢性閉塞性肺疾患（COPD）における呼吸筋のトレーニングおよび安静 respiratory muscle training and resting in copd
• 5. 筋力低下患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with muscle weakness

English Journal

• Results of nerve grafting in radial nerve injuries occurring proximal to the humerus, including those within the posterior cord.

• Bertelli JA1, Ghizoni MF1.
• Journal of neurosurgery.J Neurosurg.2016 Jan;124(1):179-85. doi: 10.3171/2014.12.JNS141944. Epub 2015 Aug 14.
• OBJECT Results of radial nerve grafting are largely unknown for lesions of the radial nerve that occur proximal to the humerus, including those within the posterior cord. METHODS The authors describe 13 patients with proximal radial nerve injuries who were surgically treated and then followed for at
• PMID 26274998

• Forearm muscle activity is modified bilaterally in unilateral lateral epicondylalgia: A case-control study.

• Heales LJ1, Vicenzino B1, MacDonald DA1, Hodges PW1.
• Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports.Scand J Med Sci Sports.2015 Dec 1. doi: 10.1111/sms.12584. [Epub ahead of print]
• Lateral epicondylalgia (LE) is associated with a reduced wrist extensor muscle activity and altered biomechanics. This study compared the coordination between forearm muscles during gripping in individuals with LE and pain-free controls. Intramuscular electrodes recorded myoelectric activity from ex
• PMID 26620314

• Muscle Activity during Rapid Wrist Extension in People with Lateral Epicondylalgia.

• Manickaraj N1, Bisset LM, Ryan M, Kavanagh JJ.
• Medicine and science in sports and exercise.Med Sci Sports Exerc.2015 Nov 10. [Epub ahead of print]
• BACKGROUND: Individuals with lateral epicondylalgia (LE) have delayed upper limb reaction time (RT), however, it is unknown if the mechanisms of this dysfunction are related to neural processing or the affected forearm muscles. The aim of this study was to examine the timing of processes that occur
• PMID 26559453

Japanese Journal

• Which muscle shows fasciculations by ultrasound in patients with ALS?

• The Journal of Medical Investigation 63(1.2), 49-53, 2016
• NAID 130005141068

• Muscle stress generated in the forearm during hand gripping

• Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering 10(3), 15-00423-15-00423, 2015
• NAID 130005109064

• Muscle stress generated in the forearm during hand gripping

• Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering advpub(0), 2015
• NAID 130005097341

Related Links

• Extensor Digitorum Muscle Origin, Function & Anatomy ...

The extensor digitorum muscle (also called the “extensor digitorum communis”) is one of the key muscles on the backside of the forearm. The extensor digitorum muscle helps in the movements of the wrists and the ...

• Extensor digitorum muscle pain & trigger points

Extensor digitorum muscle pain & trigger points The extensor digitorum muscle extends your fingers. If it gets too tight or develops trigger points, you can feel pain at your forearm and elbow. People that suffer from problems in this ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「指伸筋」
関連記事	「digitorum」「muscle」

「指伸筋」

　　[★]

英

extensor digitorum (K,KL) ED, extensor digitorum communis muscle, digits ext.

ラ

musculus extensor digitorum communis

同

総指伸筋

関

筋の付着部

起始

• 上腕骨(外側上顆)

停止

• 第2-5指骨(末・中節骨底）

神経

• 橈骨神経

機能

• 第2-5指の伸展(DIP関節、PIP関節、MP関節)、手関節の背屈
• 手の伸筋として最も強力 (K.67)
• 4本の指を全て伸展させる唯一の筋 (K.67)
• 外側上顆から始まり、腱が4つに分かれ、各指の中節骨と末節骨の底に停止 (K.67)
• 指を背屈させると手背で腱に触れることができる (K.67)

カテゴリー

前腕の伸筋＞:前腕の伸筋

臨床関連

• 槌指

• swan neck変形

• ボタン穴変形

「digitorum」

　　[★]

• extensor digitorum longus muscle

「muscle」

　　[★]

• n.

• 筋肉