関: esculoside

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Aesculin, also rendered Æsculin or Esculin, is a coumarin glucoside that naturally occurs in the horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum),^[1] California Buckeye (Aesculus californica),^[2] Prickly Box (Bursaria spinosa) and in daphnin (the dark green resin of Daphne mezereum). It is also found in dandelion coffee.

Medical uses

Aesculin is used in a microbiology laboratory to aid in the identification of bacterial species (especially Enterococci and Listeria). In fact, all strains of Group D Streptococci hydrolyze æsculin in 40% bile.

Aesculin hydrolysis test

Aesculin is incorporated into agar with ferric citrate and bile salts (bile aesculin agar).^[3] Hydrolysis of the aesculin forms aesculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin) and glucose. The aesculetin forms dark brown or black complexes with ferric citrate, allowing the test to be read.

The bile aesculin agar is streaked and incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours. The presence of a dark brown or black halo indicates that the test is positive. A positive test can occur with Enterococcus, Aerococcus and Leuconostoc. Aesculin will fluoresce under long wave ultraviolet light (360 nm): hydrolysis of aesculin results in loss of this fluorescence.

Enterococcus will often flag positive within four hours of the agar being inoculated.

UV visible spectrum of esculin with a maximum of absorbance at 346 nm

Line notes

^ Plant poisons: Aesculin]
^ C. Michael Hogan, 2008
^ National Standard Methods (UK)

References

Plant poisons: Aesculin
National Standard Methods MSOP 48 (Bile aesculin agar) and BSOPTP 2 (Aesculin hydrolysis test (UK)).
C. Michael Hogan (2008) California Buckeye: Aesculus californica, GlobalTwitcher.com, N. Stromberg ed.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 腸球菌の微生物学 microbiology of enterococci
2. D群レンサ球菌（Streptococcus bovis、Streptococcus equinus complex）による感染症の微生物学、病因、および疫学 microbiology pathogenesis and epidemiology of infections due to group d streptococci streptococcus bovis streptococcus equinus complex
3. B群レンサ球菌：病原性因子および発症機序 group b streptococcus virulence factors and pathogenic mechanisms
4. D群レンサ球菌（Streptococcus bovis、Streptococcus equinus complex）による感染症の臨床症状、診断、および治療 clinical manifestations diagnosis and treatment of infections due to group d streptococci streptococcus bovis streptococcus equinus complex

English Journal

Phenotypes of Escherichia coli isolated from urine: Differences between extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers and sensitive strains.

Šišková P1, Černohorská L1, Mahelová M1, Turková K2, Woznicová V3.
Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi.J Microbiol Immunol Infect.2015 Jun;48(3):329-34. doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2014.04.010. Epub 2014 May 24.
BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli is a frequent causative agent of urinary tract infections, and increasing resistance of E. coli to antimicrobials presents a growing challenge.METHODS: Here we compare phenotypes of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers (n = 220) with a control group of sensi
PMID 24865414

Pseudoclavibacter otitis media in a 3-year-old boy with pulmonary and spinal tuberculosis.

Ayuthaya SI1, Leelaporn A, Kiratisin P, Oberdorfer P.
Medicine.Medicine (Baltimore).2015 May;94(17):e709. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000709.
Pseudoclavibacter has rarely been documented as an etiologic agent of infection in humans. We presented the first case report of Pseudoclavibacter otitis media in a boy with pulmonary and spinal tuberculosis.A 3-year-old boy was referred to our hospital due to prolonged fever and progressive paraple
PMID 25929901

Description of a novel marine bacterium, Vibrio hyugaensis sp. nov., based on genomic and phenotypic characterization.

Urbanczyk Y1, Ogura Y2, Hayashi T2, Urbanczyk H3.
Systematic and applied microbiology.Syst Appl Microbiol.2015 Apr 24. pii: S0723-2020(15)00066-1. doi: 10.1016/j.syapm.2015.04.001. [Epub ahead of print]
Three luminous bacteria strains have been isolated from seawater samples collected in the coastal regions of the Miyazaki prefecture in Japan. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences identified the three strains as members of the genus Vibrio (Vibrionaceae, Gammaproteobacteria), closely related to b
PMID 25952324

Japanese Journal

第36回家畜診療等技術全国研究集会・入賞論文全国農業共済協会長賞高体細胞農場に対するバルク乳細菌検査を用いた搾乳改善指導の取り組み

三浦道三郎,神田実
家畜診療 57(11), 675-682, 2010-11
NAID 40017373091

Inhibitory Effects of Coumarins from the Stem Barks of Fraxinus rhynchophylla on Adipocyte Differentiation in 3T3-L1 Cells

Shin Eunjin,Choi Kyeong-Mi,Yoo Hwan-Soo,Lee Chong-Kil,Hwang Bang Yeon,Lee Mi Kyeong
Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 33(9), 1610-1614, 2010
… Activity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of six coumarins such as esculetin (1), scopoletin (2), fraxetin (3), fraxidin (4) esculin (5) and fraxin (6). …
NAID 130000322365

Related Pictures

BILE ESCULIN AGAR Esculin Chart Enterococcus- Bile Esculin agar test Bile Esculin agar width= esculin test right positive esculin test Tube 1: Positive for esculin hydrolysis in

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「エスクリン」「esculoside」

「エスクリン」

Aesculin
Names
	IUPAC name 7-hydroxy-6-{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy- 6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-tetrahydropyranyl]oxy}-2-chromenone
	Other names Esculetin 6-β-D-glucoside
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	531-75-9
ChEMBL	ChEMBL482581
ChemSpider	4444765
	InChI InChI=1S/C15H16O9/c16-5-10-12(19)13(20)14(21)15(24-10)23-9-3-6-1-2-11(18)22-8(6)4-7(9)17/h1-4,10,12-17,19-21H,5H2/t10-,12-,13+,14-,15-/m1/s1 ; Key: XHCADAYNFIFUHF-TVKJYDDYSA-N ; InChI=1/C15H16O9/c16-5-10-12(19)13(20)14(21)15(24-10)23-9-3-6-1-2-11(18)22-8(6)4-7(9)17/h1-4,10,12-17,19-21H,5H2/t10-,12-,13+,14-,15-/m1/s1; Key: XHCADAYNFIFUHF-TVKJYDDYBL ;
Jmol-3D images	Image
PubChem	5281417
	SMILES O=C/3Oc2c(cc(O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O)CO)c(O)c2)\C=C\3 ;
UNII	1Y1L18LQAF
Properties
Chemical formula	C15H16O9
Molar mass	340.282 g/mol
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references