関: manubrium

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the upper part of the breastbone

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/03/17 06:00:03」(JST)

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English Journal

Parasites of domestic and wild canids in the region of Serra do Cipó National Park, Brazil.

Santos JL1, Magalhães NB, Dos Santos HA, Ribeiro RR, Guimarães MP.Author information 1Laboratório de Helmintologia Veterinária, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. julianalcsantos@yahoo.com.brAbstractOver recent decades, diseases have been shown to be important causes of extinctions among wild species. Greater emphasis has been given to diseases transmitted by domestic animals, which have been increasing in numbers in natural areas, along with human populations. This study had the aim of investigating the presence of intestinal helminths in wild canids (maned wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus, and crab-eating fox, Cerdocyon thous) in the Serra do Cipó National Park (43-44º W and 19-20º S) and endo and ectoparasites of domestic dogs in the Morro da Pedreira Environmental Protection Area (an area surrounding the National Park). The Serra do Cipó is located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Among the enteroparasites found in domestic and wild canids, the following taxons were identified: Ancylostomidae, Trichuridae, Toxocara sp., Spirocerca sp., Physaloptera sp., Strongyloides sp., Cestoda, Dipylidium caninum, Diphyllobothriidae, Hymenolepidae, Anoplocephalidae, Trematoda, Acanthocephala and Isospora sp. Domestic dogs were positive for leishmaniasis and Babesia canis in serological tests. Among the ectoparasites, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Amblyomma cajennense and Ctenocephalides felis felis were observed in domestic dogs. Variations in the chaetotaxy of the meta-episternum and posterior tibia were observed in some specimens of C. felis felis.
Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinária = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Órgão Oficial do Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária.Rev Bras Parasitol Vet.2012 Jul-Sep;21(3):270-7.
Over recent decades, diseases have been shown to be important causes of extinctions among wild species. Greater emphasis has been given to diseases transmitted by domestic animals, which have been increasing in numbers in natural areas, along with human populations. This study had the aim of investi
PMID 23070438

Embryonic development of Galloisiana yuasai Asahina, with special reference to external morphology (insecta: Grylloblattodea).

Uchifune T1, Machida R.Author information 1Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan. uchito@sugadaira.tsukuba.ac.jpAbstractThe embryogenesis of Grylloblattodea, one of the most primitive of the polyneopteran orders, is described using Galloisiana yuasai with special reference to external morphology. The egg membranes are characterized by an endochorion crossed by numerous vertical aeropyles and a fairly thin vitelline membrane, features shared by Mantophasmatodea. The inner layer formation is of the fault type. Serosal elements in the amnioserosal fold differentiate into hydropylar cells, to function in water absorption together with specialized amniotic structures, i.e., an amniotic strand and a thickened amnion. The germ band is of the short germ type. The germ band immerses deep into the yolk after its full elongation along the egg surface, and in this respect blastokinesis closely resembles that of Mantophasmatodea. The embryological features, i.e., those on egg membranes and blastokinesis, may suggest a closer affinity of Grylloblattodea and Mantophasmatodea. Appendages, ectodermal invaginations, and sternal and pleural sclerites are discussed in the light of serial homology, to provide a new basis for elucidating the insect body plan. Appendages are divided into the proximal coxopodite and distal telopodite, the former being divided further into the subcoxa and coxa. Subcoxal and coxal elements are identified in the mandible as well as in the abdominal appendages. The subcoxa is divided into the epimeron and episternum by the pleural suture in thoracic segments. Likewise, in the abdominal segments the subcoxa is divided into two, although the homologs of the epimeron and episternum are not sclerotized, and in the labial segment the subcoxal derivative or the postmentum is divided into the submentum and mentum. Two coxal endites bulge out from the medial side of the gnathal appendages. The mandibular molar and incisor, maxillary lacinia and galea, and labial glossa and paraglossa are serially homologous with each other. In the thoracic segments the original embryonic sternum or "protosternum" is largely replaced by subcoxal elements, and merely remains as a small anterior presternum and a posterior spinasternum. A major part of the venter is represented by the derivatives of the episternum such as an extensive basisternum, katepisternum, and trochantin and the medial element of the epimeron. The pleuron is derived from the episternal elements or the anepisternum and preepisternum, which bears a spiracle in the mesothorax and metathorax, and the lateral element of the epimeron. The homolog of the preepisternum in the prothorax is the cervical sclerite, but with no spiracle developed. A median ventral invagination arises in the thoracic segments as a spina, and the homolog of the spina develops into the eversible sac in the first abdominal segment.
Journal of morphology.J Morphol.2005 Nov;266(2):182-207.
The embryogenesis of Grylloblattodea, one of the most primitive of the polyneopteran orders, is described using Galloisiana yuasai with special reference to external morphology. The egg membranes are characterized by an endochorion crossed by numerous vertical aeropyles and a fairly thin vitelline m
PMID 16155878

Comparative morphological assessment of the psyllid pleuron (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha).

Ouvrard D1, Bourgoin T, Campbell BC.Author information 1Laboratoire d'Entomologie & ESA 8043 du CNRS, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, F-75005 Paris, France. ouvrard@cimrs1.mnhn.frAbstractA unique set of morphological characters based on the hemipteran (sensu lato) thorax are used to define the pleuron of Psylloidea. New external and internal topographical descriptions of pleurites of all three thoracic segments are provided based on observations of specimens from various genera representing the current taxonomic arrangement of Psylloidea. Variations in propleurite morphology and the anteroventral angle of the episternum among taxa are clarified. The mesothoracic pleural sulcus is found to be a distinct groove formed by the deep fossa of the pleural apophysis and is not a secondary structure, as assigned by previous authors. A newly discovered internal apodeme of the metathoracic trochantin and a serially homologous structure in the mesothorax isolate the trochantinal territory of the second segment. The metathoracic pleural sulcus appears to be pressed against the ventral edge of the metepimeron, as previously described for the mesothorax of certain species of other insects having a strongly developed meron. Use of morphological interpretations and newly discovered apodemes to assess primary homology of structures for phylogenetic and taxonomic studies is discussed. A glossary of standardized morphological terms for thoracic structures of non-heteropteran Hemiptera based on this study and other recent and former dissertations on the insect thorax is provided.
Journal of morphology.J Morphol.2002 Jun;252(3):276-90.
A unique set of morphological characters based on the hemipteran (sensu lato) thorax are used to define the pleuron of Psylloidea. New external and internal topographical descriptions of pleurites of all three thoracic segments are provided based on observations of specimens from various genera repr
PMID 11948675

Japanese Journal

胸骨原発の孤立性形質細胞腫の1例

湯川拓郎,清水克彦,平見有二,前田愛,中田昌男
日本呼吸器外科学会雑誌 = The journal of the Japanese Association for Chest Surgery 24(2), 242-246, 2010-03-15
症例は70歳代男性．1ヵ月前から前胸部の膨隆を認め，疼痛を伴うため近医受診．胸骨腫瘍を疑われ精査加療目的にて当院紹介受診となった．胸部CTにて胸骨柄部に6×6cm大の腫瘤を認め，骨の破壊像を伴っていた．PETでは腫瘤に一致してFDGの異常集積を認めた．胸骨原発の悪性腫瘍を考え，外科的治療を施行した．両側第1・第2肋軟骨切離，第2肋間レベルで胸骨横切，鎖骨は温存し胸骨柄を切除した．胸壁欠損は11×1 …
NAID 10026475500

Massive Desmoid with Keloid of the Anterior Neck

Kazufumi Sano M.D,Kazuhiko Yokoshima M.D,Munenaga Nakamizo M.D,Satoru Ozeki M.D,Kazumasa Kimura M.D
Dokkyo journal of medical sciences 36(3), 149-152, 2009-10-25
… The desmoid and overlying keloid were excised en-bloc with episternotomy.The defect was covered with the rotated pectoralis major muscle flap, and then resected episternum wasreturned after inactivation by liquid nitrogen. …
NAID 110007614952