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- 〈U〉(ローション・塗り薬などを)すりこむこと,塗布すること / 〈C〉塗り薬
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/03/27 23:06:06」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Sloan's Liniment (at right) was once a popular over-the-counter drug store item.
Liniment (or embrocation), from the Latin linere, to anoint, is a medicated topical preparation for application to the skin. Sometimes called balms, liniments are of a similar or lesser viscosity than lotions and are rubbed in to create friction, unlike lotions, ointments or creams.[1][2]
Liniments are typically sold to relieve pain and stiffness, such as from sore muscles or arthritis. These are typically formulated from alcohol, acetone, or similar quickly evaporating solvents and contain counterirritant aromatic chemical compounds such as methyl salicilate, benzoin resin, or capsaicin.
Liniments have been around since Antiquity. Opodeldoc is a formulation invented by the Renaissance physician Paracelsus.
Use on horses[edit]
Liniments are commonly used on horses following exercise, applied either by rubbing on full-strength, especially on the legs; or applied in a diluted form, usually added to a bucket of water and sponged on the body. They are also useful in hot weather to help cool down a horse after working, the alcohol cooling through rapid evaporation, and counterirritant oils dilating capillaries in the skin, increasing the amount of blood releasing heat from the body.
See also[edit]
- A.B.C. Liniment
- Earl Sloan
- Fighter Fix
- Wood Lock
- Absorbine
- Bigeloil
References[edit]
- ^ "Liniment". The Free Dictionary.
- ^ "Liniment". UK. Oxford Dictionaries.
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Routes of administration / Dosage forms
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| Oral |
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Digestive tract (enteral)
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Solids
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- Pill
- Tablet
- Capsule
- Time release technology
- Osmotic delivery system (OROS)
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Liquids
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- Elixir
- Emulsion
- Herbal tea
- Hydrogel
- Molecular encapsulation
- Softgel
- Solution
- Suspension
- Syrup
- Tincture
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Buccal (Sublabial) Sublingual
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Solids
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- Orally disintegrating tablet (ODT)
- Film
- Lollipop
- Lozenges
- Chewing gum
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Liquids
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- Mouthwash
- Toothpaste
- Ointment
- Oral spray
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Respiratory
tract
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Solids
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- Smoking device
- Dry powder inhaler (DPI)
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Liquids
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- Anaesthetic vaporizer
- Vaporizer
- Nebulizer
- metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
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Gas
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- Oxygen mask
- Oxygen concentrator
- Anaesthetic machine
- Relative analgesia machine
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Ophthalmic /
Otologic / Nasal |
- Nasal spray
- Ear drops
- Eye drops
- Ointment
- Hydrogel
- Nanosphere suspension
- Mucoadhesive microdisc (microsphere tablet)
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| Urogenital |
- Ointment
- Pessary (vaginal suppository)
- Vaginal ring
- Vaginal douche
- Intrauterine device (IUD)
- Extra-amniotic infusion
- Intravesical infusion
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| Rectal (enteral) |
- Ointment
- Suppository
- Enema
- Murphy drip
- Nutrient enema
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| Dermal |
- Ointment
- Liniment
- Paste
- Film
- Hydrogel
- Liposomes
- Transfersome vesicles
- Cream
- Lotion
- Lip balm
- Medicated shampoo
- Dermal patch
- Transdermal patch
- Transdermal spray
- Jet injector
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Injection / Infusion
(into tissue/blood) |
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Skin
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- Intradermal
- Subcutaneous
- Transdermal implant
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Organs
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- Intracavernous
- Intravitreal
- Intra-articular injection
- Transscleral
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Central nervous system
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- Intracerebral
- Intrathecal
- Epidural
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Circulatory / Musculoskeletal
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- Intravenous
- Intracardiac
- Intramuscular
- Intraosseous
- Intraperitoneal
- Nanocell injection
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Routes of administration by organ system
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| Gastrointestinal |
- Oral
- Buccal
- Sublabial
- Sublingual
- Rectal
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| Respiratory system |
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Visual system /
Auditory system |
- Ocular (Ocular-topical / Intravitreal / Transscleral)
- Otologic (Oto-topical)
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| Reproductive system |
- Intracavernous
- Intravaginal
- Intrauterine (Extra-amniotic)
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| Urinary system |
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| Peritoneum |
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| Central nervous system |
- Intracerebral
- Intrathecal
- Epidural
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| Circulatory system |
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| Musculoskeletal system |
- Intramuscular
- Intraosseous
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| Skin |
- Epicutaneous
- Intradermal
- Subcutaneous
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English Journal
- Clinical efficacy of 9-oxo-10, 11-dehydroageraphorone extracted from Eupatorium adenophorum against Psoroptes cuniculi in rabbits.
- Hu Y1, Liao F2,3, Hu Y4, Luo B5, He Y6, Mo Q7, Zuo Z8, Ren Z9, Deng J10, Wei Y11.
- BMC veterinary research.BMC Vet Res.2014 Dec 20;10:970. doi: 10.1186/s12917-014-0306-4.
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- Anthroposophic medicine: an integrative medical system originating in europe.
- Kienle GS1, Albonico HU2, Baars E3, Hamre HJ4, Zimmermann P5, Kiene H1.
- Global advances in health and medicine : improving healthcare outcomes worldwide.Glob Adv Health Med.2013 Nov;2(6):20-31. doi: 10.7453/gahmj.2012.087.
- in
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- [Observation on the efficacy of acupuncture and fire needle therapy for hand osteoarthritis].
- Li H1, Zhang FH2, Wang YC2.
- Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion.Zhongguo Zhen Jiu.2013 Oct;33(10):885-8.
- OBJECTIVE: To verify the clinical efficacy of shu-stream point acupuncture combined with fire needle therapy in the treatment of hand osteoarthritis.METHODS: Eighty cases were randomized into an acupuncture group (shu-stream point acupuncture combined with fire needle therapy) and a medication group
- PMID 24377216
Japanese Journal
- Red Ginseng Inhibits Scratching Behavior Associated With Atopic Dermatitis in Experimental Animal Models
- Samukawa Keiichi,Izumi Yasukatsu,Shiota Masayuki,Nakao Takafumi,Osada-Oka Mayuko,Miura Katsuyuki,Iwao Hiroshi
- Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 118(3), 391-400, 2012
- … Histamine-induced permeability and itching were significantly inhibited by embrocation with RGE as well as diphenhydramine, an antihistamine drug. …
- NAID 130001889228
- Development of Embrocation for Denture Stomatitis : Miconazol Applied with Collagen Powder
- YOSHIDA K,OH H,IGARASHI Y,KUROIWA A,SAKOH M,YAMANE S,KAIDA T,YOSHIDA S,ITOU M
- 日本補綴歯科學會雜誌 = The journal of the Japan Prosthodontic Society 47, 205, 2003-10-24
- NAID 10013973487
- 皮膚ノ吸收並ニ透過ニ就テ : 第1編 皮膚ノ色素吸收ニ就テ
- 青木 敏一
- 京都府立医科大学雑誌 19(1/2/3/4), 559-676, 1937
- … With this in mind, the author wanted to see: 1) the possibility of the absorption by the normal healthy skin when water-soluble colouring matters are brought into contact witli the skin surface without any external supplement, as an embrocation; …
- NAID 110007119602
Related Links
- Embrocation Journal. Purveyors of fine, boutique cycling goods; raconteurs of the cycling life. Home Bespoke Builds Features Shop About Contact Menu Home Bespoke Builds Features Shop About Contact Instagram ...
- Middle English embrocacioun, from Middle French embrocacion, from Medieval Latin embrocation-, embrocatio, from Late Latin embrocare to rub with lotion, from Greek embroche lotion, from en-+ brechein to wet First Known Use ...
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