embrittlement

• n.

• 脆化

関

brittle、embrittle

WordNet

1. lacking warmth and generosity of spirit; "a brittle and calculating woman"
2. caramelized sugar cooled in thin sheets (同)toffee, toffy
3. having little elasticity; hence easily cracked or fractured or snapped; "brittle bones"; "glass is brittle"; "`brickle and `brickly are dialectal" (同)brickle, brickly
4. (of metal or glass) not annealed and consequently easily cracked or fractured (同)unannealed
5. make brittle

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (堅くて弾力がないために)壊れやすい,もろい

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/09/06 16:10:39」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Embrittlement is a loss of ductility of a material, making it brittle. Various materials have different mechanisms of embrittlement.

• Hydrogen embrittlement is the effect of hydrogen absorption on some metals and alloys.

• Sulfide stress cracking is the embrittlement caused by absorption of hydrogen sulfide.

• Liquid metal embrittlement (LME) is the embrittlement caused by liquid metals.

• Metal-induced embrittlement (MIE) is the embrittlement caused by diffusion of atoms of metal, either solid or liquid, into the material.

• Neutron radiation causes embrittlement of some materials, neutron-induced swelling, and buildup of Wigner energy. This is a process especially important for neutron moderators and nuclear reactor vessels (see ductility).

• The primary embrittlement mechanism of plastics is gradual loss of plasticizers, usually by overheating or aging.

• The primary embrittlement mechanism of asphalt is by oxidation, which is most severe in warmer climates. Asphalt pavement embrittlement can lead to various forms of cracking patterns, including longitudinal, transverse, and block (hexagonal). Asphalt oxidation is related to polymer degradation, as these materials bear similarities in their chemical composition.

Cryogenic embrittlement

Around cryogenic temperatures plastics and rubbers become brittle, which is known as the embrittlement temperature.

Embrittlement temperatures

Material	Temperature [°F]	Temperature [°C]
Plastics
ABS	−270	−168
Acteal?	−300	−184.4
Delrin	-275 to -300	-171 to -184
Nylon	-275 to -300	-171 to -184
Polytron	−300	−184.4
Polypropylene	-300 to -310	-184 to -190
Teflon	−275	−171
Rubbers
Buna-N	−225	−143
EPDM	-275 to -300	-171 to -184
Ethylene propylene	-275 to -300	-171 to -184
Hycar	-210 to -275	-134 to -171
Natural rubber	-225 to -275	-143 to -171
Neoprene	-225 to -300	-143 to -184
Nitrile	-275 to -310	-171 to -190
Nitrile-butadiene (ABS)	-250 to -270	-157 to -168
Silicone	−300	−184.4
Urethane	-275 to -300	-171 to -184
Viton	-275 to -300	-171 to -184
Metals
Zinc	−200	−129
Steel	−40	−40

See also

• Stress corrosion cracking

References

English Journal

• Phase-transformation-induced lubrication of earthquake sliding.

• Green HW 2nd1.
• Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences.Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci.2017 Sep 28;375(2103). pii: 20160008. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2016.0008.
• PMID 28827426

• Catalytic Palladium Film Deposited by Scalable Low-Temperature Aqueous Combustion.

• Voskanyan AA1, Li CV1, Chan KY1.
• ACS applied materials & interfaces.ACS Appl Mater Interfaces.2017 Sep 12. doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b10042. [Epub ahead of print]
• PMID 28872836

• Hydrogen enhances strength and ductility of an equiatomic high-entropy alloy.

• Luo H1, Li Z2, Raabe D3.
• Scientific reports.Sci Rep.2017 Aug 29;7(1):9892. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10774-4.
• PMID 28852168

Japanese Journal

• 離散転位を用いた3次元数値解析法の開発

• 計算工学講演会論文集 Proceedings of the Conference on Computational Engineering and Science 22, 4p, 2017-05
• NAID 40021219912

• 繊維材料実験科目における簡易法による繊維材料紫外線脆化試験の試み

• 活水論文集. 健康生活学部編 60, 55-60, 2017-03
• NAID 40021221056

• 原子炉圧力容器を対象とした確率論的破壊力学に基づく健全性評価に関する標準的解析要領(受託研究)

• JAEA-research 2016(22), 巻頭1-2,1-40, 2017-02
• NAID 40021139001

Related Links

• embrittlementの意味・用例｜英辞郎 on the WEB：アルク

embrittlement 【名】脆化 - アルクがお届けする進化するオンライン英和・和英辞書データベース。一般的な単語や連語から、イディオム、専門用語、スラングまで幅広く収録。 ... 脆化現象 ｛ぜいか げんしょう｝ 「現象」の単数形 ...

• Hydrogen Embrittlement - NACE International - The ...

Hydrogen embrittlement occurs in a number of forms but the common features are an applied tensile stress and hydrogen dissolved in the metal. Examples of hydrogen embrittlement are cracking of weldments or hardened steels ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「brittle」「脆化」「embrittle」

「brittle」

　　[★]

• adj

• 固いがもろい、砕けやすい、割れやすい。壊れやすい

the patient described is exhibiting signs of osteopetrosis, characterized by abnormally brittle bones with increased density throughout the body.

• 傷つきやすい。安定性を欠く、もろい(友情、平和、性格など)。はかない、移ろいやすい
• 暖かみを欠く、ドライな
• (音が)鋭い
• (医)不安定型の(糖尿病)

関

brittleness、embrittle、embrittlement、fragile

　 　 　 　 　

「脆化」

　　[★]

英

embrittlement、embrittle、brittle

関

脆性、脆い

「embrittle」

　　[★]

• v.

• 脆化する

関

brittle、embrittlement