elevation

• n.

• 上昇、挙上

関

ascending、ascent、elevate、eventration、increase、raise、rise、rose

　 　 　 　 　 　

WordNet

1. angular distance above the horizon (especially of a celestial object) (同)EL, altitude, ALT
2. (ballet) the height of a dancers leap or jump; "a dancer of exceptional elevation"
3. distance of something above a reference point (such as sea level); "there was snow at the higher elevations"
4. drawing of an exterior of a structure
5. the event of something being raised upward; "an elevation of the temperature in the afternoon"; "a raising of the land resulting from volcanic activity" (同)lift, raising
6. pronounce (vowels) by bringing the tongue closer to the roof of the mouth; "raise your `o"
7. raise the level or amount of something; "raise my salary"; "raise the price of bread"
8. the amount a salary is increased; "he got a 3% raise"; "he got a wage hike" (同)rise, wage hike, hike, wage increase, salary increase
9. increasing the size of a bet (as in poker); "Ill see your raise and double it"
10. put forward for consideration or discussion; "raise the question of promotions"; "bring up an unpleasant topic" (同)bring_up
11. summon into action or bring into existence, often as if by magic; "raise the specter of unemployment"; "he conjured wild birds in the air"; "call down the spirits from the mountain" (同)conjure, conjure up, invoke, evoke, stir, call down, arouse, bring_up, put forward, call forth
12. construct, build, or erect; "Raise a barn" (同)erect, rear, set_up, put_up
13. cause to puff up with a leaven; "unleavened bread" (同)leaven, prove
14. invigorate or heighten; "lift my spirits"; "lift his ego" (同)lift
15. raise from a lower to a higher position; "Raise your hands"; "Lift a load" (同)lift, elevate, get_up, bring_up
16. activate or stir up; "raise a mutiny"
17. bet more than the previous player
18. bid (ones partners suit) at a higher level
19. bring (a surface or a design) into relief and cause to project; "raised edges"
20. cause to be heard or known; express or utter; "raise a shout"; "raise a protest"; "raise a sad cry"
21. collect funds for a specific purpose; "The President raised several million dollars for his college"
22. create a disturbance, especially by making a great noise; "raise hell"; "raise the roof"; "raise Cain"
23. establish radio communications with; "They managed to raise Hanoi last night"
24. multiply (a number) by itself a specified number of times: 8 is 2 raised to the power 3
25. exert oneself to meet a challenge; "rise to a challenge"; "rise to the occasion"
26. increase in value or to a higher point; "prices climbed steeply"; "the value of our house rose sharply last year" (同)go_up, climb
27. rise in rank or status; "Her new novel jumped high on the bestseller list" (同)jump, climb up
28. the act of changing location in an upward direction (同)ascent, ascension, ascending
29. an increase in cost; "they asked for a 10% rise in rates" (同)boost, hike, cost increase
30. a movement upward; "they cheered the rise of the hot-air balloon" (同)rising, ascent, ascension
31. a growth in strength or number or importance
32. come up, of celestial bodies; "The sun also rises"; "The sun uprising sees the dusk night fled..."; "Jupiter ascends" (同)come_up, uprise, ascend
33. move upward; "The fog lifted"; "The smoke arose from the forest fire"; "The mist uprose from the meadows" (同)lift, arise, move up, go_up, come_up, uprise
34. rise up; "The building rose before them" (同)lift, rear
35. increase in volume; "the dough rose slowly in the warm room" (同)prove
36. become heartened or elated; "Her spirits rose when she heard the good news"
37. a process of becoming larger or longer or more numerous or more important; "the increase in unemployment"; "the growth of population" (同)increment, growth
38. become bigger or greater in amount; "The amount of work increased"
39. make bigger or more; "The boss finally increased her salary"; "The university increased the number of students it admitted"
40. the amount by which something increases; "they proposed an increase of 15 percent in the fare" (同)increment
41. the act of increasing something; "he gave me an increase in salary" (同)step-up
42. a change resulting in an increase; "the increase is scheduled for next month"
43. of something having a dusty purplish pink color; "the roseate glow of dawn" (同)roseate, rosaceous
44. any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses (同)rosebush
45. a dusty pink color (同)rosiness
46. a raised or elevated geological formation (同)elevation

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈U〉〈C〉《文》(…を…に)『高めること』,昇進(向上)させること《+『of』+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / 〈U〉《文》気高さ,高尚 / 〈C〉《文》隆起したところ;高地 / 《単数形で》(地表・海面からの)『高さ』;地上,海抜 / 〈C〉(建物などの)立面図,正面図 / 《単数形で》仰角
2. …‘を'『上げる』,持ち上げる;〈倒れた物〉‘を'起こす / …‘の'量(程度,価値など)『を上げる』 / 〈地位,名声〉‘を'『高める』;(…の地位などに)…‘を'上げる,高くする《+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / …‘を'生じさせる / …‘を'集める,調達する / 《米》…‘を'育てる,栽培する,飼う / 《おもに米》〈子共・家族〉‘を'扶養する,養育する / 〈建物・像など〉‘を'建てる / 〈気持ち・人など〉‘を'奮い立たせる / 〈疑問・異議・要求など〉‘を'提起する,持ち出す / 〈禁止・封鎖など〉‘を'解く / 〈死者〉‘を'生き返らせる / 〈パン〉‘を'ふくらませる / 『賃上げ』,『昇給』;昇給額(《英》rise)
3. 《文》『立ち上がる』《+『up』》 / 《文》『起床する』,起きる / (下から上へ)『上がる』,上昇する,昇る / 〈土地が〉上り[坂]になる / 〈山・建物などが〉そびえ立つ(進行形にできない) / 〈…の数量・価値・程度・力などが〉増す,増大する,増加する / 〈地位・身分などが〉(…から…へ)上がる,高くなる《+『from』+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / 〈川などが〉高さを増す,増水する / 〈パンなどが〉ふくれる / (…に)源を発する,始まる《+『from』(『in』)+『名』》(進行形にできない) / (…に)反乱を起こす,背いて立ち上がる《+『against』+『名』》 / 生き返る,よみがえる / (表面に)浮かび上がる / (…に)応じて立ち上がる,うまく対処する《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(…の)『上昇』《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(数量・価値・程度などの)増大,増加《+『in』(『of』)+『名』》 / 〈U〉立身;繁栄 / 〈C〉(…の)上り坂,上り勾配(こうばい)《+『in』(『of』)+『名』》 / 〈C〉丘,高台 / 〈C〉(…の)起源,始まり《+『of』+『名』》 / 《英話》昇給,昇給額(《米》raise) / 〈C〉魚がえさを求めて水面に浮き上がること
4. 『増える』,『増大する』 / (…に)…‘を'『増やす』《+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / (…の)『増加』,増大;〈C〉増加量(額)《+『of』(『in』,『on』)+『名』》
5. 〈C〉『バラの花』 / 〈C〉バラの木 / 〈U〉バラ色,淡紅色 / 〈C〉(形が)バラに似た物:(じょうろの)散水口;(リボンなどの)バラ結び;バラ模様(飾り) / 『バラ色の』 / バラの
6. riseの過去
7. ロゼ,ロゼワイン(ピンク色のぶどう酒)
8. (ある高さに)…‘を'『上げる』,‘の'程度を高める《『名』+『to』+『名』》 / (知的・精神的に)…‘を'向上させる,高める / (…から…に)〈人〉‘を'昇進させる《+『from』+『名』+『to』+『名』》

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/02/21 12:31:59」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

For other uses, see Elevation (disambiguation).

Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth – approximately 71% of the Earth's surface is covered with water.

A sign at 8000 feet (2438 meters) in the San Bernardino Mountains.

The elevation of a geographic location is its height above or below a fixed reference point, most commonly a reference geoid, a mathematical model of the Earth's sea level as an equipotential gravitational surface (see Geodetic system, vertical datum). Elevation, or geometric height, is mainly used when referring to points on the Earth's surface, while altitude or geopotential height is used for points above the surface, such as an aircraft in flight or a spacecraft in orbit, and depth is used for points below the surface.

This image was generated by NOAA from digital data bases of land and sea-floor elevations on a 2-minute latitude/longitude grid (1 minute of latitude = 1 nautical mile, or 1.853 km). Assumed illumination is from the west; shading is computed as a function of the east-west slope of the surface with a nonlinear exaggeration favoring low-relief areas. A Mercator projection was used for the world image, which spans 390° of longitude from 270° West around the world eastward to 120° East; latitude coverage is ±80°. The resolution of the gridded data varies from true 2-minute for the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Ocean floors and all land masses to 5 minutes for the Arctic Ocean floor.

Less commonly, elevation is measured using the center of the Earth as the reference point. Due to equatorial bulge, there is debate as to which of the summits of Mt. Everest or Chimborazo is at the higher elevation, as the Chimborazo summit is further from the Earth's center, while the Mt. Everest summit is higher above mean sea level.

Maps and GIS

Part of a topographic map of Haleakala (Hawaii), showing elevation.

Landsat Image over SRTM Elevation by NASA, showing the Cape Peninsula and Cape of Good Hope, South Africa in the foreground.[2]

Heightmap of Earth's surface (including water and ice) in equirectangular projection, normalized as 8-bit grayscale, where lighter values indicate higher elevation.

A topographical map is the main type of map used to depict elevation, often through use of contour lines. In a Geographic Information System (GIS), digital elevation models (DEM) are commonly used to represent the surface (topography) of a place, through a raster (grid) dataset of elevations. Digital terrain models are another way to represent terrain in GIS.

Topography

The elevation of a mountain usually refers to its summit. The elevation of a hill also refers to the summit. A valley's elevation is usually taken from the lowest point, but is often taken all over the valley.

Global 1-kilometer map

This map is derived from GTOPO30 data that describes the elevation of Earth's terrain at intervals of 30 arcseconds (approximately 1 km). It uses color and shading instead of contour lines to indicate elevation.

Each tile is available at a resolution of 1800 × 1800 pixels (approximate file size 1 MB, 60 pixels = 1 degree, 1 pixel = 1 minute)

Hypsography

Hypsography is the study of the distribution of elevations on the surface of the Earth, although the term is sometimes also applied to other rocky planets such as Mars or Venus. The term originates from the Greek word ὕψος "hypsos" meaning height. Most often it is used only in reference to elevation of land but a complete description of Earth's solid surface requires a description of the seafloor as well. Related to the term hypsometry, the measurement of these elevations of a planet's solid surface are taken relative to mean datum, except for Earth which is taken relative to the sea level.

Hypsography of the Earth. Notice that Earth has two peaks in elevation, one for the continents, the other for the ocean floors.

Temperature

Vertical Distance Comparison

In the troposphere, temperatures decrease with altitude. This lapse rate is approximately 6.5 °C/km.

See also

• Height
• Geodesy
  • Geodesy of North America
    • Sea Level Datum of 1929 later National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29)
    • North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88)
• List of European cities by elevation
• List of highest mountains
• List of highest towns by country
• Normaal Amsterdams Peil
• Normalhöhennull
• Physical geography
• Table of the highest major summits of North America
• Topographic isolation
• Topographic prominence
• Topography
• Vertical pressure variation

References

External links

• U.S. National Geodetic Survey website
  • Geodetic Glossary @ NGS
  • NGVD 29 to NAVD 88 online elevation converter @ NGS
• United States Geological Survey website
• Geographical Survey Institute
• Downloadable ETOPO2 Raw Data Database (2 minute grid)
• Downloadable ETOPO5 Raw Data Database (5 minute grid)
• Find the elevation of any place

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 異常ヘモグロビン症の検査室診断 laboratory diagnosis of the hemoglobinopathies
• 2. ST上昇型心筋梗塞：再灌流療法の選択 acute st elevation myocardial infarction selecting a reperfusion strategy
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• 4. 成人におけるてんかんの外科的治療 surgical treatment of epilepsy in adults
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English Journal

• Subarachnoid blood converts neurally evoked vasodilation to vasoconstriction in rat brain cortex.

• Koide M, Bonev AD, Nelson MT, Wellman GC.SourceDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT, 05405-0068, USA.
• Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement.Acta Neurochir Suppl.2013;115:167-71.
• The matching of blood flow to regional brain function, called functional hyperemia or neurovascular coupling, involves the coordinated activity of neurons, astrocytes, and parenchymal arterioles. Under physiological conditions, localized neuronal activation leads to elevated astrocyte endfoot Ca(2+)
• PMID 22890664

• Cross-talk in nucleotide signaling in glioma c6 cells.

• Wypych D, Barańska J.SourceNencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St, PL 02-093, Warsaw, Poland, d.wypych@nencki.gov.pl.
• Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2013;986:31-59.
• The chapter is focused on the mechanism of action of metabotropic P2Y nucleotide receptors: P2Y(1), P2Y(2), P2Y(12), P2Y(14) and the ionotropic P2X(7) receptor in glioma C6 cells. P2Y(1) and P2Y(12) both respond to ADP, but while P2Y(1) links to PLC and elevates cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration, P2Y(1
• PMID 22879063

• Antiendothelial cells antibodies in patients with systemic sclerosis in relation to pulmonary hypertension and lung fibrosis.

• Lewandowska K, Ciurzynski M, Gorska E, Bienias P, Irzyk K, Siwicka M, Zycinska K, Pruszczyk P, Demkow U.SourceDepartment of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Marszałkowska 24 St, 00-576, Warsaw, Poland.
• Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2013;756:147-53.
• Although scleroderma is generally considered a fibrosing disease, it is now recognized that the underlying vascular pathology is playing a fundamental role in its pathogenesis. The present study was aimed at testing the prevalence of anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECA) in systemic scleroderma (S
• PMID 22836630

• Green Tea and Its Major Polyphenol EGCG Increase the Activity of Oral Peroxidases.

• Narotzki B, Levy Y, Aizenbud D, Reznick AZ.SourceDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 9649, 31096, Haifa, Israel.
• Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2013;756:99-104.
• Oral peroxidases (OPO) consist mainly of salivary peroxidase and myeloperoxidase and are involved in oral defense mechanisms. Salivary peroxidase is synthesized and secreted by salivary glands, whereas myeloperoxidase is found in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, which migrate into the oral cavity at gi
• PMID 22836624

Japanese Journal

• GPS/QZSS測位の精度改善のための一手法

• 周天宇 ,中西恒夫 ,久住憲嗣 ,福田晃
• 情報処理学会研究報告. EMB, 組込みシステム 2013-EMB-28(5), 1-6, 2013-03-06
• GPSならびにQZSSによる測位の精度を向上させるべく,捕捉した衛星の中から実際に測位に用いる衛星を選択するアルゴリズムを提案する。提案アルゴリズムは捕捉した衛星の中から仰角が1番目と2番目に大きい2機,ならびに仰角が近く,方位角が90°ずつ均等に空いている4機,計6機を選び出す。提案アルゴリズム「ファジイ6機衛星群選択アルゴリズム」は,既存のファジイ4機衛星群選択アルゴリズムの拡張である。開空条 …
• NAID 110009551205

• GPS/QZSS測位の精度改善のための一手法

• 周天宇 ,中西恒夫 ,久住憲嗣 ,福田晃
• 情報処理学会研究報告. SLDM, [システムLSI設計技術] 2013-SLDM-160(5), 1-6, 2013-03-06
• GPSならびにQZSSによる測位の精度を向上させるべく,捕捉した衛星の中から実際に測位に用いる衛星を選択するアルゴリズムを提案する。提案アルゴリズムは捕捉した衛星の中から仰角が1番目と2番目に大きい2機,ならびに仰角が近く,方位角が90°ずつ均等に空いている4機,計6機を選び出す。提案アルゴリズム「ファジイ6機衛星群選択アルゴリズム」は,既存のファジイ4機衛星群選択アルゴリズムの拡張である。開空条 …
• NAID 110009551157

• モーションキャプチャ・システムを用いた身体バランス評価モデルの基礎的検討

• 小坂 浩気,丸山 智章
• 茨城工業高等専門学校研究彙報 48, 21-25, 2013-03-01
• … Through experiments, the proposal method was found to be capable of detecting imbalances with the elevation of the lower limb. …
• NAID 110009556919

• Short-term glacier velocity changes at West Kunlun Shan, Northwest Tibet, detected by Synthetic Aperture Radar data

• Yasuda Takatoshi,Furuya Masato
• Remote Sensing of Environment 128, 87-106, 2013-01-21
• … The observed short-term velocity changes provide us with evidence for efficient basal slip even at the high-elevation polythermal glaciers. …
• NAID 120005208898

Related Links

• Elevation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The elevation of a geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point, most commonly a reference geoid, a mathematical model of the Earth's sea level as an equipotential gravitational surface (see Geodetic system, vertical datum).

• U2 - Elevation - YouTube

14 Dec 2009 ... Music video by U2 performing Elevation. (C) 2006 Universal-Island Records Ltd. under exclusive licence to Mercury Records Limited.

• Google Elevation API - Google Developers

はじめに. Google Elevation API デベロッパー ドキュメントにようこそ。Google Elevation API は、地球上のさまざまな場所の高度データをクエリするためのシンプルな インターフェースを提供します。また、経路に沿ってサンプリングした高度データを リクエストする ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「raise」「increase」「rise」「上昇」「rose」
拡張検索	「blood pressure elevation」

「raise」

　　[★]

• v.

• [SVO](人が)(物・身体の一部など)を上げる、持ち上げる。(旗を)揚げる(up)
• [SVO]

• (人が)(倒れた人・物など)を立てる、起こす。(人が)(碑・建物など)を建てる(build)。(人が)(物(の位置))を高くする。
• (風などが)(物・波など)を巻き上げる、巻き起こす
• (沈没船)を引き揚げる

• (水ぶくれ・まめ)を作る。(パン)を膨らませる、発酵させる

• (人)を(～から/～へ)昇進/出世させる(from/to)
• (名声など)を高める(improve)
• (レベル・水準など)を上げる、向上させる(improve)

• (反乱、争乱など)を起こす。(笑い・疑い・希望など)を起こさせる

Antibiotic treatment for children who present with bloody diarrhea raises special concerns.(血性の下痢を呈する子供の抗菌薬治療は特別な関心を起こさせる)(HIM.818)

• (人・心など)を奮い立たせる、元気づける
• (死者)をよみがえらせる。(霊など)を呼び出す

• [SVO](団体が)賃金・料金など)を上げる(increase)。(雨などが(水量など)を高くする
• (声など)を出す、張り上げる。(警報など)を鳴らす。
• (質問・要求など)を出す、提起する。～を話題に乗せる(bring up)

A few possibilities are raised by the details of the history.(詳細な既往歴から2，3の可能性が上げられる)(CASES.244)

The previous hospital admissions raise then possibility of infections such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).(以前の入院はMRSAのような感染の可能性を上げている)(CASES.256)

Warfarin treatment raised difficulties because of the unreliability of dosing, attendance at anticoagulant clinics and blood sampling.(CASES.256)(投薬、クリニックへの通院および採血の不確実性から、ワーファリン療法は困難であった)(CASES.256)

• 生じる、上げる、上昇させる、起こす、(抗体を)産生させる

・・・・・

• n.

• 上げること。増加。賃上げ、昇給
• 高くした所/盛り上がった所。(廊下・道路などの)上り。(上の採鉱場に通ずる)坑道、堀上がり、切り上がり。

関

accrue、arise、arouse、ascending、ascent、elaborate、elevate、elevation、generate、generation、give rise to、happen、increase、make、occur、produce、production、rise、rose、stem、undergo、yield

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「increase」

　　[★]

• n.

• 増加、増大、上昇

• v.

• 増加する、増える

関

ascending、ascent、augment、augmentation、elevate、elevation、enlarge、escalate、escalation、expansion、gain、increment、multiply、raise、rise、rose、up-regulation、upregulation

　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「rise」

　　[★]

• n.

• 上昇、増加

• n.

• (過去rose-過去分詞risen)上昇する、増加する、上がる

関

ascend、ascending、ascent、elevate、elevation、gain、increase、increment、multiply、raise、rose、up-regulation、upregulation

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「上昇」

　　[★]

英

rise、elevation、increase、ascent、rise、elevate、raise、ascending

関

上げる、上向き、挙上、産生、生じる、上行、上行性、増加、増大、起こす、バラ、バラ色、増える、高める、上がる

「rose」

　　[★]

• n.

• (植物)バラ、バラ色

• v.

• (rise p.)上がる、上昇する

関

ascend、ascending、ascent、elevate、elevation、increase、raise、rise、Rosa、Rosaceae、Rosales

　 　 　 　 　 　

「blood pressure elevation」

　　[★]

• 血圧上昇

関

elevated blood pressure、elevated BP、high blood pressure、hypertension、increase in blood pressure、increased blood pressure、raised blood pressure、rise in blood pressure