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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/08/25 17:22:07」(JST)
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- 1. 小児における市中肺炎：臨床的特徴および診断 community acquired pneumonia in children clinical features and diagnosis
- 2. 成人における肺炎球菌性肺炎 pneumococcal pneumonia in adults
- 3. 小児における身体的診察：胸部および腹部 the pediatric physical examination chest and abdomen
- 4. 成人における肺炎随伴性胸水および膿胸 parapneumonic effusion and empyema in adults
- 5. 成人における急性気管支炎 acute bronchitis in adults
English Journal
- Outpatient diagnosis of acute chest pain in adults.
- McConaghy JR1, Oza RS.Author information 1The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. john.mcconaghy@osumc.eduAbstractApproximately 1 percent of primary care office visits are for chest pain, and 1.5 percent of these patients will have unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction. The initial goal in patients presenting with chest pain is to determine if the patient needs to be referred for further testing to rule in or out acute coronary syndrome and myocardial infarction. The physician should consider patient characteristics and risk factors to help determine initial risk. Twelve-lead electrocardiography is typically the test of choice when looking for ST segment changes, new-onset left bundle branch block, presence of Q waves, and new-onset T wave inversions. For persons in whom the suspicion for ischemia is lower, other diagnoses to consider include chest wall pain/costochondritis (localized pain reproducible by palpation), gastroesophageal reflux disease (burning retrosternal pain, acid regurgitation, and a sour or bitter taste in the mouth), and panic disorder/anxiety state. Other less common but important diagnostic considerations include pneumonia (fever, egophony, and dullness to percussion), heart failure, pulmonary embolism (consider using the Wells criteria), acute pericarditis, and acute thoracic aortic dissection (acute chest or back pain with a pulse differential in the upper extremities). Persons with a higher likelihood of acute coronary syndrome should be referred to the emergency department or hospital.
- American family physician.Am Fam Physician.2013 Feb 1;87(3):177-82.
- Approximately 1 percent of primary care office visits are for chest pain, and 1.5 percent of these patients will have unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction. The initial goal in patients presenting with chest pain is to determine if the patient needs to be referred for further testing to rul
- PMID 23418761
- Diagnosing the cause of chest pain.
- Cayley WE Jr.Author information Eau Claire Family Medicine Residency, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA. bcayley@yahoo.comAbstractChest pain presents a diagnostic challenge in outpatient family medicine. Noncardiac causes are common, but it is important not to overlook serious conditions such as an acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary embolism, or pneumonia. In addition to a thorough history and physical examination, most patients should have a chest radiograph and an electrocardiogram. Patients with chest pain that is predictably exertional, with electrocardiogram abnormalities, or with cardiac risk factors should be evaluated further with measurement of troponin levels and cardiac stress testing. Risk of pulmonary embolism can be determined with a simple prediction rule, and a D-dimer assay can help determine whether further evaluation with helical computed tomography or venous ultrasound is needed. Fever, egophony, and dullness to percussion suggest pneumonia, which can be confirmed with chest radiograph. Although some patients with chest pain have heart failure, this is unlikely in the absence of dyspnea; a brain natriuretic peptide level measurement can clarify the diagnosis. Pain reproducible by palpation is more likely to be musculoskeletal than ischemic. Chest pain also may be associated with panic disorder, for which patients can be screened with a two-item questionnaire. Clinical prediction rules can help clarify many of these diagnoses.
- American family physician.Am Fam Physician.2005 Nov 15;72(10):2012-21.
- Chest pain presents a diagnostic challenge in outpatient family medicine. Noncardiac causes are common, but it is important not to overlook serious conditions such as an acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary embolism, or pneumonia. In addition to a thorough history and physical examination, most patien
- PMID 16342831
- About egophony.
- Sapira JD.Author information St. Louis University, Missouri, USA.Erratum inChest 1995 Dec;108(6):1776. AbstractEgophony is a change in timbre (Ee to A) but not pitch or volume. It is due to a decrease in the amplitude and an increase in the frequency [corrected] of the second formant, produced by solid (including compressed lung) interposed between the resonator and the stethoscope head. This explains certain difficulties in learning this valuable but currently neglected sign as well as in understanding certain physiologic false-positive occurrences.
- Chest.Chest.1995 Sep;108(3):865-7.
- Egophony is a change in timbre (Ee to A) but not pitch or volume. It is due to a decrease in the amplitude and an increase in the frequency [corrected] of the second formant, produced by solid (including compressed lung) interposed between the resonator and the stethoscope head. This explains certai
- PMID 7656646
Related Links
- Egophony (British: Aegophony) is an increased resonance of voice sounds heard when auscultating the lungs, often caused by lung consolidation and fibrosis. It is due to enhanced transmission of high-frequency noise across fluid, such as in ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「山羊声」 |
「山羊声」
- 英
- egophony, capriloquism, tragophony, tragophonia
- 同
- 山羊音、ヤギ声、ヤギ音、やぎ音、やぎ声
- 関
- 胸水、スコダ鼓音帯
- Skoda鼓音帯の部位で「イー」と繰り返し発声させると、聴診上、山羊が啼いているように聴こえる
- 中等量(500mL)以上の胸水貯留時に聴取