発声障害
WordNet
- speech disorder attributable to a disorder of phonation
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/19 13:17:55」(JST)
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| Dysphonia |
| Classification and external resources |
| ICD-10 |
R49 |
| ICD-9-CM |
784.42 |
| DiseasesDB |
28364 |
| Patient UK |
Dysphonia |
| MeSH |
D055154 |
Dysphonia is the medical term for disorders of the voice: an impairment in the ability to produce voice sounds using the vocal organs (it is distinct from dysarthria which signifies dysfunction in the muscles needed to produce speech). Thus, dysphonia is a phonation disorder. The dysphonic voice can be hoarse or excessively breathy, harsh, or rough, but some kind of phonation is still possible (contrasted with the more severe aphonia where phonation is impossible).
Dysphonia has either organic or functional causes due to impairment of any one of the vocal organs. However, typically it is caused by some kind of interruption of the ability of the vocal folds to vibrate normally during exhalation. Thus, it is most often observed in the production of vowel sounds. For example, during typical normal phonation, the vocal folds come together to vibrate in a simple open/closed cycle modulating the airflow from the lungs. Weakness (paresis) of one side of the larynx can prevent simple cyclic vibration and lead to irregular movement in one or both sides of the glottis. This irregular motion is heard as roughness. This is quite common in vocal fold paresis.[1]
Contents
- 1 Common types of dysphonia
- 2 Associated conditions (incomplete list)
- 3 Clinical measurement
- 4 See also
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Common types of dysphonia
- Organic dysphonia
- Laryngitis (Acute: viral, bacterial) - (Chronic: smoking, GERD, LPR)
- Neoplasm (Premalignant: dysplasia) - (Malignant: Squamous cell carcinoma)
- Trauma (Iatrogenic: surgery, intubation) - (Accidental: blunt, penetrating, thermal)
- Endocrine (Hypothyroidism, hypogonadism)
- Haematological (Amyloidosis)
- Iatrogenic (inhaled corticosteroids)
- Functional dysphonia
- Psychogenic
- Vocal misuse
- Idiopathic
Associated conditions (incomplete list)
- Voice disorders
- Laryngitis
- Chorditis
- Vocal cord nodules
- Vocal fold cyst
- Reinke's Edema (Mostly caused by smoking)
- Laryngeal papillomatosis
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease: When there is a clinical suspicion for GERD as the cause of the dysphonia, an Esophageal pH Monitoring is required to confirm the diagnosis and establish the relationship between GERD and dysphonia.
- Laryngeal cancer
- Myasthenia gravis
- Hypothyroidism
- Hyperthyroidism
- Sinusitis
- Lung cancer
- Juvenile dermatomyositis
- Parkinson's disease
- Botulinum toxin
- Down Syndrome
Clinical measurement
Dysphonia is measured using a variety of examination tools that allow the clinician to see the pattern of vibration of the vocal folds, principally laryngeal videostroboscopy. Acoustic examination is also common, obtained by recording the sounds made during sustained phonation or whilst speaking. Another tool is electroglottography.
Subjective measurement of the severity of dysphonia is carried out by trained clinical staff. The GRBAS (Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain) scale or the Oates Perceptual Profile are widely used for this purpose. Objective measurement of the severity of dysphonia typically requires signal processing algorithms applied to acoustic or electroglottographic recordings. These include algorithms such as jitter, shimmer and noise-to-harmonics ratios, but these have been shown to have some critical limitations, particularly for severe dysphonia. Recent advances in signal processing theory have led to more robust algorithms.[2]
See also
- National Center for Voice and Speech
- Human voice
- Vocology
- Otorhinolaryngology#Laryngology
- Lists of language disorders
References
- ^ Little, M.A. et al. (2009). Objective dysphonia quantification in vocal fold paralysis: comparing nonlinear with classical measures. Journal of Voice (in press).
- ^ Little, M.A. et al. (2007). Exploiting nonlinear recurrence and fractal scaling properties for voice disorder detection. Biomed Eng Online, 6:23.
External links
- Vocal Dysphonia and Vocal Disorder Online Support Network
- VoiceInfo.org
- Pediatric ENT
- WrongDiagnosis
- Objective measurement of dysphonia for clinical purposes.
- Marshall
- NetDoctor
- Singing Voice
- National Center for Voice and Speech's official website
- The Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology at the University of Iowa's official website
- The Voice Academy's official website
- National Spasmodic Dysphonia Association
- Synthesis of disordered voices
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Transnasal injection laryngoplasty.
- Hamdan AL1, Ziade G2, Jaffal H2, Skaff G3.
- The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol.2015 Jun;124(6):474-9. doi: 10.1177/0003489414567936. Epub 2015 Jan 29.
- OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of transnasal fiber-optic injection laryngoplasty in the treatment of glottic insufficiency.METHODS: Video recordings of 16 patients who underwent fiber-optic injection laryngoplasty for the treatment of glottic insufficiency were revi
- PMID 25632960
- The effect of age and vocal task on cepstral/spectral measures of vocal function in adult males.
- Watts CR1, Ronshaugen R, Saenz D.
- Clinical linguistics & phonetics.Clin Linguist Phon.2015 Jun;29(6):415-23. doi: 10.3109/02699206.2015.1005673. Epub 2015 Feb 4.
- This study investigated the effect of aging on cepstral/spectral acoustic measures calculated from clinical stimuli (vowels and sentences from the Consensus Auditory Perceptual Evaluation of Voice). Thirty younger adult males (20-49 years of age) and thirty older males (50-79 years of age) produced
- PMID 25651197
- Contemporary management of voice and swallowing disorders in patients with advanced lung cancer.
- Brady GC1, Carding PN, Bhosle J, Roe JW.
- Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery.Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.2015 Jun;23(3):191-6. doi: 10.1097/MOO.0000000000000155.
- PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Advanced lung cancer can cause changes to swallowing and communication function. Direct tumour invasion, dyspnoea and deconditioning can all impact on swallowing function and communication. Cancer treatment, if administered, may cause or compound symptoms. In this study, the natur
- PMID 25887976
Japanese Journal
- 十分に医療化されていない疾患を患うことの困難と診断の効果 : 痙攣性発声障害を患う人々の語りから
- 医師主導治験の概要と進め方：痙攣性発声障害に対するA型ボツリヌス毒素治療を通して
- 菊池 良和,梅﨑 俊郎,安達 一雄,山口 優実,佐藤 伸宏,小宗 静男
- 音声言語医学 55(4), 333-337, 2014
- 思春期以降の音声言語外来において「声がつまる」「電話で最初の言葉がうまく言えない」という吃音らしい訴えは，吃音症だけに見られるものではない．成人で吃音と鑑別すべき疾患として，過緊張性発声障害や内転型痙攣性発声障害が挙げられる．本研究の目的は，吃音症と発声障害を問診上で鑑別する手掛かりを探すことである．2011年3月から2013年5月まで吃音らしい訴えで九州大学病院耳鼻咽喉科・頭頸部外科に来院した患 …
- NAID 130004903382
Related Links
- Dysphonia is the medical term for disorders of the voice: an impairment in the ability to produce voice sounds using the vocal organs (it is distinct from dysarthria which signifies dysfunction in the muscles needed to produce speech). Thus ...
- 10 Feb 2011 ... Spasmodic dysphonia is a neurological disorder affecting the voice muscles in the larynx, or voice box. When we speak, air from the lungs is pushed between two elastic structures—called vocal folds or vocal cords—with ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
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- 英
- dysphonia (KL)
- 同
- 音声障害 voice disorder
- 迷走神経の枝である反回神経の損傷、麻痺により起こる。
[★]
- 関
- dysphonia、voice disturbance