二様性

WordNet

(physics) the property of matter and electromagnetic radiation that is characterized by the fact that some properties can be explained best by wave theory and others by particle theory (同)wave-particle duality
(geometry) the interchangeability of the roles of points and planes in the theorems of projective geometry
the quality of being individual; "so absorbed by the movement that she lost all sense of individuality" (同)individualism, individuation
the quality of being gradual or of coming about by gradual stages (同)gradualness

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二重性
〈U〉個性 / 《複数形で》個人的な特微(特質,好み)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/03/07 22:51:58」(JST)

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Duality may refer to:

Mathematics

Duality (mathematics), a mathematical concept
- Dual (category theory), a formalization of mathematical duality
- Duality (order theory), a concept regarding binary relations
- Duality (projective geometry), general principle of projective geometry
- S-duality (homotopy theory)
- Duality (optimization)
List of dualities (Mathematics)

Philosophy, logic, and psychology

Dualism, a twofold division in several spiritual, religious, and philosophical doctrines
Dualism (philosophy of mind), where the body and mind are considered to be irreducibly distinct
De Morgan's Laws, specifically the ability to generate the dual of any logical expression.

Science

Electrical and mechanical

Duality (electrical circuits), regarding isomorphism of electrical circuits
Duality (mechanical engineering), regarding isomorphism of some mechanical laws

Physics

AdS/CFT correspondence, (anti de Sitter/conformal field theory correspondence), sometimes called the Maldacena duality
Dual resonance model
Duality (electricity and magnetism)
Englert–Greenberger duality relation
Holographic duality
Kramers–Wannier duality
List of dualities (physics)
Mirror symmetry
Montonen–Olive duality
Mysterious duality
String duality is a class of symmetries
- S-duality
- T-duality
- U-duality
Wave–particle duality

Titles

Film

Duality (film), a Star Wars fan film by Dave Macomber and Mark Thomas

Music

Albums

Duality (Ra album), a 2005 album by the rock band Ra
Duality (Lisa Gerrard & Pieter Bourke album), a 1998 album by Lisa Gerrard and Pieter Bourke
Duality (Captain Murphy album), a 2012 rap mixtape from Captain Murphy
Duality, a 2014 album and song by orchestral pop-punk band, Set It Off

Songs

Duality, a 2014 single from pop rock/punk rock band Set It Off
Duality (song), a 2004 single & Grammy-nominated song by metal band Slipknot
Duality, a 2007 single from alternative rock/punk band Bayside (band)

Other

Duality, a large format audio mixing console by Solid State Logic
Duality (CoPs) refers to the notion of a duality in a Community of Practice
Dual (grammatical number) grammatical number that some languages use in addition to singular and plural

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1. 瞳孔不同患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with anisocoria

English Journal

MAP17 and the double-edged sword of ROS.

Carnero A.AbstractReactive oxygen species, ROS, are beneficially involved in many signaling pathways that control development and maintain cellular homeostasis. In physiological conditions, a tightly regulated redox balance protects cells from injurious ROS activity, but if the balance is altered, it promotes various pathological conditions including cancer. Understanding the duality of ROS as cytotoxic molecules and key mediators in signaling cascades may provide novel opportunities for improved cancer therapy. MAP17 is a small 17-kDa non-glycosylated membrane protein that is overexpressed in many tumors of different origins, including carcinomas. Immunohistochemical analysis of MAP17 during cancer progression demonstrates that overexpression of the protein strongly correlates with the progression of most types of tumor. Tumor cells that overexpress MAP17 show an increased tumoral phenotype associated with an increase in ROS. However, in non-tumor cells MAP17 increases ROS, resulting in senescence or apoptosis. Therefore, in tumor cells, MAP17 could be a marker for increased oxidative stress and could define new therapeutic approaches. Here, we review the role of MAP17 as a putative oncogene, as well as its role in cancer and anticancer therapies.
Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2012 Aug;1826(1):44-52. Epub 2012 Mar 23.
Reactive oxygen species, ROS, are beneficially involved in many signaling pathways that control development and maintain cellular homeostasis. In physiological conditions, a tightly regulated redox balance protects cells from injurious ROS activity, but if the balance is altered, it promotes various
PMID 22465409

Estrogen and the regulation of mitochondrial structure and function in the brain.

Arnold S, Victor MB, Beyer C.SourceInstitute of Neuroanatomy, RWTH Aachen University,Aachen, Germany.
The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology.J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol.2012 Aug;131(1-2):2-9. Epub 2012 Feb 2.
The mitochondrion is the unquestionable cellular compartment that actively preserves most of the cell functions, such as lipid metabolism, ion homeostasis, energy and ROS production, steroid biosynthesis, and control of apoptotic signaling. Thus, this cell organelle depicts a major drop-in centre fo
PMID 22326731

Biochemical and cellular implications of a dual lipase-GEF function of phospholipase D2 (PLD2).

Gomez-Cambronero J.SourceWright State University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dayton, Ohio, USA.
Journal of leukocyte biology.J Leukoc Biol.2012 Jul 2. [Epub ahead of print]
PLD2 plays a key role in cell membrane lipid reorganization and as a key cell signaling protein in leukocyte chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Adding to the large role for a lipase in cellular functions, recently, our lab has identified a PLD2-Rac2 binding through two CRIB domains in PLD2 and has defined
PMID 22750546