WordNet

of or belonging to or active during the day; "diurnal animals are active during the day"; "diurnal flowers are open during the day and closed at night"; "diurnal and nocturnal offices"
having a daily cycle or occurring every day; "diurnal rotation of the heavens"
inability to control the flow of urine and involuntary urination (同)urinary_incontinence

PrepTutorEJDIC

昼間の,日中の / 毎日起こる,日ごとの / (花が)昼咲きの,(鳥・昆虫などが)昼行性の
遺尿(いにょう)症,尿失禁,寝小便

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/02 21:36:49」(JST)

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Enuresis is defined as involuntary voiding of urine beyond the age of anticipated control. Diurnal enuresis is daytime wetting, nocturnal enuresis is nighttime wetting. Both of these conditions can occur at the same time, however, many children with nighttime wetting will not have wetting during the day. Children with daytime wetting may have frequent urination, have urgent urination or dribble after urinating.

Causes

Common causes include, but not limited to:

Incomplete emptying of the bladder
Irritable bladder
Constipation
Stress
Urinary tract infection
Urgency (not “making it” to the bathroom in time)
Anatomic abnormality
Poor toileting habits
Small bladder capacity
Medical conditions like overactive bladder disorder

Management

Major changes in the management of daytime wetting came about in the 1990s. In most current programs, non-invasive treatments incorporate hydration, timed voiding, correction of constipation and in some cases, computer assisted pelvic floor retraining. These methods have been extremely successful in correcting daytime wetting. Bladder stretching exercises (where the person tries to hold their urine as long as possible) are no longer recommended. In fact, some urologists actually believe that this can be dangerous because the person could develop the long-term habit of tightening the urethral sphincter muscle, which can cause bladder or kidney problems. Urinating on a regular basis is much preferred.

Ruling out infections can also be a part of the differential.^[1]

Epidemiology

Daytime wetting is more common in girls than in boys, but bedwetting is three times as prevalent in boys (i.e., around 75% of sufferers are male). At the age of 7 approximately 3% of girls and 2% of boys experience functional daytime wetting at least once a week.^[2]

References

^ Bernard-Bonnin AC (May 2000). "Diurnal enuresis in childhood". Can Fam Physician 46: 1109–15. PMC 2144882. PMID 10845137.
^ "http://www.eric.org.uk/DaytimeWetting/info_daytime_wetting_professionals"

This article contains facts and text from Mercer, Renee (January 2004). Seven Steps to Night Time Dryness. Ashton Maryland: Brookeville Media. pp. 22, 76–78. ISBN 0-9740688-0-2. with permission from the author.

External links

Helpful Hints from Web MD
Outline of Diurnal Enuresis
Site about overactive bladder disorder in kids

UpToDate Contents

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1. トイレトレーニング toilet training
2. 小児における夜尿症：原因および評価 nocturnal enuresis in children etiology and evaluation
3. 小児における夜尿症：マネージメント nocturnal enuresis in children management
4. 多系統萎縮症：臨床的特徴および診断 multiple system atrophy clinical features and diagnosis

English Journal

Predictive parameters of response to desmopressin in primary nocturnal enuresis.

Van Herzeele C1, Evans J2, Eggert P3, Lottmann H4, Norgaard JP5, Vande Walle J6.
Journal of pediatric urology.J Pediatr Urol.2015 Aug;11(4):200.e1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.03.007. Epub 2015 May 21.
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND: Many recent treatment guidelines have advocated the importance of a full noninvasive medical evaluation. To individualize treatment, special emphasis must be put on recording of the maximum voided volume (MVV) and nocturnal diuresis in a diary or frequency/volume chart.OBJEC
PMID 26059526

Sleep disordered breathing in a cohort of children with achondroplasia: correlation between clinical and instrumental findings.

Zaffanello M1, Lo Tartaro P, Piacentini G, Cantalupo G, Gasperi E, Antoniazzi F.
Minerva pediatrica.Minerva Pediatr.2015 Jun 4. [Epub ahead of print]
AIM: The aim of the present study was to show the results of an overnight polysomnography in a cohort of 9 children (7 females and 2 males) with achondroplasia, aged between 1 and 12 years (5.56 ± 4.7 years). All of the children carried the Gly380Arg (G380R) mutation on the FGFR3 gene.METHODS: All
PMID 26041006

Japanese Journal

夜尿・遺尿 (小児の治療指針) -- (よくみられる症状・症候への対症療法)

柳橋達彦
小児科診療 73(-) (866), 25-27, 2010
NAID 40017118092

反復性尿路感染症と遺尿症を合併し, 左異所性尿管瘤, 尿道狭窄および左低形成腎が認められた1女児例

植村篤実,平松美佐子,秋田泰之
日本小児腎臓病学会雑誌 = Japanese journal of pediatric nephrology 21(2), 199-202, 2008-11-15
　症例は9歳女児。腎盂腎炎に遺尿症を伴っており，精査の結果，左尿管瘤と左低形成腎が判明した。膀胱尿管逆流症は認められなかった。残尿が認められ，膀胱内圧に比して尿意が微弱であった。　不安定膀胱としてdistigmine bromideとprazosin hydrochlorideを使用したところ昼間尿失禁は消失した。Break through infectionを起こしたためcefaclorの予防内 …
NAID 10025170560