WordNet

tell spontaneously; "crack a joke"
become fractured; break or crack on the surface only; "The glass cracked when it was heated" (同)check, break
break into simpler molecules by means of heat; "The petroleum cracked"
break partially but keep its integrity; "The glass cracked"
cause to become cracked; "heat and light cracked the back of the leather chair"
reduce (petroleum) to a simpler compound by cracking
a purified and potent form of cocaine that is smoked rather than snorted; highly addictive (同)crack_cocaine, tornado
a usually brief attempt; "he took a crack at it"; "I gave it a whirl" (同)fling, go, pass, whirl, offer
a blemish resulting from a break without complete separation of the parts; "there was a crack in the mirror"
a long narrow opening (同)cleft, crevice, fissure, scissure
a sudden sharp noise; "the crack of a whip"; "he heard the cracking of the ice"; "he can hear the snap of a twig" (同)cracking, snap
gain unauthorized access computers with malicious intentions; "she cracked my password"; "crack a safe"
hit forcefully; deal a hard blow, making a cracking noise; "The teacher cracked him across the face with a ruler"
make a very sharp explosive sound; "His gun cracked"
a loss (or serious disruption) of organization in some system; "a disintegration of personality"
make clearly visible; "can this image be resolved?"
find the solution; "solve an equation"; "solve for x" (同)solve
lose a stored charge, magnetic flux, or current; "the particles disintegrated during the nuclear fission process" (同)decay, decompose
break into parts or components or lose cohesion or unity; "The material disintegrated"; "the group disintegrated after the leader died"
cause to undergo fission or lose particles
(chemistry) separation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the original substance (同)decomposition reaction, chemical decomposition reaction
in a decomposed state (同)disintegration
(biology) the process of decay caused by bacterial or fungal action (同)rot, rotting, putrefaction
the analysis of a vector field (同)vector decomposition
cutting so as to separate into pieces
detailed critical analysis or examination one part at a time (as of a literary work)
a minute and critical analysis
a mental or physical breakdown (同)crack-up
a cessation of normal operation; "there was a power breakdown" (同)equipment failure
an analysis into mutually exclusive categories (同)partitioning

PrepTutorEJDIC

『割れ目』,ひび,きず;(戸・窓の)わずかの開き / 『パチッ,ピシッ,バン,ガチャッ』(物が壊れたり銃声などの音) / 強い一撃 / (声の)しゃがれ,うわずり;声変り / 《話》瞬間,一瞬 / 気のきいた言葉;皮肉;冗談 / 《話》(…の)機会,試み《+『at』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / …‘に'『ひびを入れる』 / …'を'パチッと割る,砕く / …'を'パチッ(ビシッ)と鳴らす / …'を'ピシャリと打つ / 〈声〉'を'かすれさせる,うわずらせる / 《話》〈家など〉‘に'押し入る;〈金庫など〉'を'破る / 《話》…'を'解く;〈暗号など〉'を'解読する / 《話》〈冗談など〉'を'とばす / 《話》〈酒びんなど〉'を'ポンとあけて飲む / 〈石油〉'を'分解蒸留する / 『割れる』,くだける;ひびがはいる / 『パチッ』(『ビシッ,バン,ガチャッ』)『と鳴る』 / 〈声が〉かすれる;うわずる / (疲労・苦痛などに)参る,屈する / 第一級の,優秀な / パチッと
分解,崩壊 / (放射性元素の)崩壊 / (岩石などの)風化作用
…‘を'『決心する』,『決意する』 / 〈問題・疑惑など〉‘を'『解決する』,解明する,解く / 〈議会などが〉…‘を'議決する,票決する / (構成要素に)…‘を'分解する《+『名』+『into』+『名』》 / (…を)『決定する』,『決心する』《+『on』(『upon』,『against』)+『名』(do『ing』)》 / (…に)『分解する』《+『into』+『名』》 / 〈U〉《文》強固な意志,分屈 / 〈C〉決心,決意
〈物〉‘を'崩れる,崩壊する / 〈原子核が〉崩壊する / 〈物〉‘を'崩す,崩壊させる
分解　腐敗　変質
〈U〉〈C〉(実験・研究のための)解剖,解体 / 〈C〉実験用解剖体,解剖模型 / 〈U〉詳細な分析
(列車・機械などの)故障,破損 / 病気で倒れること,衰弱 / 分析

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/12/01 01:16:25」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

A disassembler is a computer program that translates machine language into assembly language—the inverse operation to that of an assembler. A disassembler differs from a decompiler, which targets a high-level language rather than an assembly language. Disassembly, the output of a disassembler, is often formatted for human-readability rather than suitability for input to an assembler, making it principally a reverse-engineering tool.

Assembly language source code generally permits the use of constants and programmer comments. These are usually removed from the assembled machine code by the assembler. If so, a disassembler operating on the machine code would produce disassembly lacking these constants and comments; the disassembled output becomes more difficult for a human to interpret than the original annotated source code. Some disassemblers make use of the symbolic debugging information present in object files such as ELF. The Interactive Disassembler allow the human user to make up mnemonic symbols for values or regions of code in an interactive session: human insight applied to the disassembly process often parallels human creativity in the code writing process.

Disassembly is not an exact science: on CISC platforms with variable-width instructions, or in the presence of self-modifying code, it is possible for a single program to have two or more reasonable disassemblies. Determining which instructions would actually be encountered during a run of the program reduces to the proven-unsolvable halting problem.

Problems of disassembly[edit]

Writing a disassembler which produces code which, when assembled, produces exactly the original binary is possible; however, there are often differences. This poses demands on the expressivity of the assembler. For example, an x86 assembler takes an arbitrary choice between two binary codes for something as simple as "MOV AX,BX". If the original code uses the other choice, the original code simply cannot be reproduced at any given point in time. However, even when a fully correct disassembly is produced, problems remain if the program requires modification. For example, the same machine language jump instruction can be generated by assembly code to jump to a specified location (for example, to execute specific code), or to jump to a specified number of bytes (for example, to skip over an unwanted branch). A disassembler cannot know what is intended, and may use either syntax, generating a disassembly which reproduces the original binary^{[citation needed]}. However, if a programmer wants to add instructions between the jump instruction and its destination, it is necessary to understand the program's operation to determine whether the jump should be absolute or relative, i.e., whether its destination should remain at a fixed location, or be moved so as to skip both the original and added instructions.

Examples of disassemblers[edit]

A disassembler may be stand-alone or interactive. A stand-alone disassembler, when executed, generates an assembly language file which can be examined; an interactive one shows the effect of any change the user makes immediately. For example, the disassembler may initially not know that a section of the program is actually code, and treat it as data; if the user specifies that it is code, the resulting disassembled code is shown immediately, allowing the user to examine it and take further action during the same run.

Any interactive debugger will include some way of viewing the disassembly of the program being debugged. Often, the same disassembly tool will be packaged as a standalone disassembler distributed along with the debugger. For example, objdump, part of GNU Binutils, is related to the interactive debugger gdb.

IDA
OllyDbg is a 32-bit assembler level analysing debugger
OLIVER and SIMON include disassemblers for Assembler, COBOL, and PL/1

References[edit]

L. Vinciguerra, L. Wills, N. Kejriwal, P. Martino, and R. Vinciguerra, "An Experimentation Framework for Evaluating Disassembly and Decompilation Tools for C++ and Java", Proc. of 10th Working Conference on Reverse Engineering (WCRE) 2003.
B. Schwarz, S. Debray, and G. Andrews, "Disassembly of Executable Code Revisited", Proc. of 9th Working Conference on Reverse Engineering (WCRE), pp. 45–54, 2002.

External links[edit]

Look up disassembler in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

List of disassemblers in Wikibooks
transformation Wiki on disassembly
Boomerang A general, open source, retargetable decompiler of machine code programs
Disassemblers at the Open Directory Project
Online Disassembler, a free online disassembler of arms, mips, ppc, and x86 code

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English Journal

Characterization of an in vitro fed-batch model to obtain cells released from S. epidermidis biofilms.

França A1, Carvalhais V1,2, Vilanova M2,3,4, Pier GB5, Cerca N6.
AMB Express.AMB Express.2016 Dec;6(1):23. doi: 10.1186/s13568-016-0197-9. Epub 2016 Mar 22.
Both dynamic and fed-batch systems have been used for the study of biofilms. Dynamic systems, whose hallmark is the presence of continuous flow, have been considered the most appropriate for the study of the last stage of the biofilm lifecycle: biofilm disassembly. However, fed-batch is still the mo
PMID 27001438

A novel electrochemical aptasensor based on Y-shape structure of dual-aptamer-complementary strand conjugate for ultrasensitive detection of myoglobin.

Taghdisi SM1, Danesh NM2, Ramezani M3, Emrani AS4, Abnous K5.
Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2016 Jun 15;80:532-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.02.029. Epub 2016 Feb 11.
Monitoring of myoglobin (Mb) in human blood serum is highly in demand for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Here, a novel electrochemical aptasensor was developed for ultrasensitive and selective detection of Mb, based on Y-shape structure of dual-aptamer (DApt)-complementary str
PMID 26894983

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for hyaluronidase detection via hyaluronan-induced formation of red-light emitting excimers.

Hu Q1, Zeng F2, Wu S3.
Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2016 May 15;79:776-83. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.01.019. Epub 2016 Jan 7.
Hyaluronidase (HAase), which is involved in various physiological and pathological processes, can selectively degrade hyaluronan (HA) into small fragments, and it has been reported as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for bladder cancer. Herein, a facile ratiometric fluorescent sensing system fo
PMID 26774093

Japanese Journal

Two New Ring-Contracted Congeners of Rhizopodin Illustrate Significance of the Ring Moiety of Macrolide Toxins on the Actin Disassembly-Mediated Cytotoxicity

Oku Naoya,Matsumoto Ayaka,Matsunaga Takayuki [他]
Chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin 62(3), 294-300, 2014-03
NAID 40019992574

Regulatory Specialization of Xyloglucan (XG) and Glucuronoarabinoxylan (GAX) in Pericarp Cell Walls during Fruit Ripening in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

Takizawa Ayami,Hyodo Hiromi,Wada Kanako,Ishii Tadashi,Satoh Shinobu,Iwai Hiroaki,佐藤忍,岩井宏暁,サトウシノブ,イワイヒロアキ
PLoS ONE 9(2), e89871, 2014-02
… Disassembly of cell wall polysaccharides by various cell wall hydrolases during fruit softening causes structural changes in hemicellulose and pectin that affect the physical properties and softening of tomato fruit. …
NAID 120005418342