Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/09/23 13:39:17」(JST)

wiki en

Diquat is a contact herbicide that produces desiccation and defoliation most often available as the dibromide, diquat dibromide.^[2] Brand names for this formulation include Aquacide, Dextrone, Preeglone, Deiquat, Spectracide, Detrone, Reglone, Reglon, Reglox, Tribune, Ortho-Diquat, Weedtrine-D,^[3] Weedol 2 and, in combination with glyphosate, Resolva.^[4]

Diquat is a non-selective herbicide that acts quickly to damage only those parts of the plant to which it is applied.^[5] It has been used in pre-harvest crop desiccation.^[6] It bonds strongly to mineral and organic particles in soil and water where it remains without significant degradation for years. However, bound to clays diquat is biologically inactive at concentrations typically observed in agricultural soils.^[5]

Diquat dibromide is moderately toxic. It may be fatal to humans if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin in large quantities.^[5]

Production

Pyridine is oxidatively coupled to 2,2'-bipyridine over a heated Raney nickel catalyst. The ethylene bridge is formed by the reaction with 1,2-dibromoethane:^[7]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0243". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 3359.
^ PubChem listing for diquat dibromide
^ Weedkillers for Home Gardeners. RHS Advisory Service, Royal Horticultural Society, February 2013. Accessed May 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c EXTOXNET, Pesticide Information Project
^ "The agronomic benefits of glyphosate in Europe" (PDF). Monsanto Europe SA. February 2010. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
^ "Paraquat and Diquat". IPCS INCHEM.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. パラコート中毒 paraquat poisoning
2. キノコ中毒の臨床症状および評価 clinical manifestations and evaluation of mushroom poisoning

English Journal

Determination of paraquat and diquat: LC-MS method optimization and validation.

Pizzutti IR1, Vela GM2, de Kok A3, Scholten JM3, Dias JV2, Cardoso CD2, Concenço G4, Vivian R5.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Oct 15;209:248-55. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.04.069. Epub 2016 Apr 19.
This study describes the optimization and single-laboratory validation of a single residue method for determination of two bipyridylium herbicides, paraquat and diquat, in cowpeas by UPLC-MS/MS in a total run time of 9.3min. The method is based on extraction with an acidified methanol-water mixture.
PMID 27173559

Polyurethane foam loaded with sodium dodecylsulfate for the extraction of 'quat' pesticides from aqueous medium: Optimization of loading conditions.

Vinhal JO1, Lima CF2, Cassella RJ3.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety.Ecotoxicol Environ Saf.2016 Sep;131:72-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.05.012. Epub 2016 May 20.
The cationic herbicides paraquat, diquat and difenzoquat are largely used in different cultures worldwide. With this, there is an intrinsic risk of environmental contamination when these herbicides achieve natural waters. The goal of this work was to propose a novel and low-cost sorbent for the remo
PMID 27213562

Determination of polar pesticides in olive oil and olives by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and high resolution mass spectrometry.

Nortes-Méndez R1, Robles-Molina J1, López-Blanco R1, Vass A2, Molina-Díaz A3, Garcia-Reyes JF4.
Talanta.Talanta.2016 Sep 1;158:222-8. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.05.058. Epub 2016 May 24.
This article reports the development of two HPLC-MS methods for the determination of polar pesticides in olive oil and olive samples by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) separation followed by mass spectrometry detection with tandem mass spectrometry using a triple quadrupole ins
PMID 27343599

Japanese Journal

大容量試料導入-高速液体クロマトグラフィー法を用いる水道中ジクワットの迅速分析

吉川循江,堀切佳代,前沢仁
Chromatography : Journal of separation and detection sciences 33(3), 191-196, 2012
NAID 40019548461

Effects of Oxidative Stress Caused by tert-Butylhydroquinone on Cytotoxicity in MDCK Cells

SHIBUYA Naoko,KOBAYASHI Shigeki,YOSHIKAWA Yasunaga,WATANABE Kiyotaka,ORINO Koichi
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 74(5), 583-589, 2012
… Cell toxicity tests were carried out using the crystal violet (CV) assay with the following prooxidants: t-BHQ, diethyl maleate (DEM), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), diquat (DQ) and β-naphthoflavone (β-NF). …
NAID 130001879875

Wheat Bran Protects Fischer-344 Rats from Diquat-Induced Oxidative Stress by Activating Antioxidant System : Selenium as an Antioxidant

HIGUCHI Masashi,OSHIDA Junichi,ORINO Koichi,WATANABE Kiyotaka
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 75(3), 496-499, 2011-03-23
… Wheat bran had a protective effect against diquat toxicity in rats fed a purified diet (PD). … We studied the effects of wheat bran on the antioxidant system in the liver of rats treated with saline and diquat. …
NAID 10028201670

Related Pictures

Diquat - awinerbiotech Diquat Diquat Dibromide Aquatic Herbicide | Solutions Pest & Lawn Diquat Aquatic Herbicide (Generic Reward) - 1 Gallon | eBay Diquat Water Weed Landscape Herbicide1 Qt Diquat Dibromide 37.3% Generic Reward | eBay Diquat - Lookup BeforeBuying Diquat Diquat Water Weed And Landscape Herbicide | Free Shipping

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ジクワット」「ダイコート」

「ジクワット」

Diquat dibromide
Names
	IUPAC name 6,7-Dihydrodipyrido[1,2-a:2',1'-c]pyrazinediium dibromide
	Other names 1,1'-Ethylene-2,2'-bipyridyldiylium dibromide
Identifiers
CAS Number	85-00-7
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1599022
ChemSpider	6536
Jmol 3D model	Interactive image
KEGG	C18577
PubChem	6794
UNII	A9A615U4MP
	InChI InChI=1S/C12H12N2.2BrH/c1-3-7-13-9-10-14-8-4-2-6-12(14)11(13)5-1;;/h1-8H,9-10H2;21H/q+2;;/p-2 Key: ODPOAESBSUKMHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L ; InChI=1/C12H12N2.2BrH/c1-3-7-13-9-10-14-8-4-2-6-12(14)11(13)5-1;;/h1-8H,9-10H2;21H/q+2;;/p-2 Key: ODPOAESBSUKMHD-NUQVWONBAO ;
	SMILES [Br-].[Br-].c2cccc3c1[n+](cccc1)CC[n+]23 ;
Properties
Chemical formula	C12H12Br2N2
Molar mass	344.05 g·mol−1
Appearance	Yellow crystals
Density	1.22 - 1.27 g/cm3
Melting point	335 °C (635 °F; 608 K)
Boiling point	Decomposes
Solubility in water	70% (20°C)
Vapor pressure	<0.00001 mmHg (20°C)
Hazards
	US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)	none
REL (Recommended)	TWA 0.5 mg/m3
IDLH (Immediate danger)	N.D.
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	Infobox references

　　[★]

英: diquat
関: ダイコート

「ダイコート」

　　[★]

英: diquat
関: ジクワット

[PGCH-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0243". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[2] Merck Index, 11th Edition, 3359.

[3] PubChem listing for diquat dibromide

[rhs-4] Weedkillers for Home Gardeners. RHS Advisory Service, Royal Horticultural Society, February 2013. Accessed May 2013.

[extoxnet-5] EXTOXNET, Pesticide Information Project

[moneuro-6] "The agronomic benefits of glyphosate in Europe" (PDF). Monsanto Europe SA. February 2010. Retrieved June 2, 2013.

[7] "Paraquat and Diquat". IPCS INCHEM.

v t e Pest control: herbicides

Anilides/anilines	acetochlor alachlor asulam benfluralin butachlor diethatyl diflufenican dimethenamid flamprop metazachlor metolachlor pendimethalin pretilachlor propachlor propanil trifluralin

Aromatic acids	aminopyralid chloramben clopyralid dicamba picloram pyrithiobac quinclorac quinmerac

Arsenicals	cacodylic acid copper arsenate DSMA MSMA

Organophosphorus	bensulide bialaphos ethephon fosamine glufosinate glyphosate piperophos

Phenoxy	2,4-D 2,4-DB dichlorprop fenoprop MCPA MCPB 2,4,5-T

Pyridines	dithiopyr fluroxypyr imazapyr thiazopyr triclopyr

Quaternary	diquat MPP paraquat

Triazines	ametryn atrazine cyanazine hexazinone prometon prometryn propazine simazine simetryn terbuthylazine terbutryn

Ureas	chlortoluron DCMU metsulfuron-methyl monolinuron tebuthiuron

Others	3-AT aminocyclopyrachlor bromoxynil clomazone DCBN dinoseb juglone mesotrione methazole metam sodium metamitron metribuzin sulfentrazone

匿名

検索

案内

案内

diquat