Diameters of superior aperture of lesser pelvis (female).
Details
Identifiers
Latin
apertura pelvis superior
TA98
A02.5.02.008
TA2
1289
FMA
17272
Anatomical terms of bone
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The pelvic inlet or superior aperture of the pelvis is a planar surface which defines the boundary between the pelvic cavity and the abdominal cavity (or, according to some authors, between two parts of the pelvic cavity, called lesser pelvis and greater pelvis). It is a major target of measurements of pelvimetry.
Its position and orientation relative to the skeleton of the pelvis is anatomically defined by its edge, the pelvic brim. The pelvic brim is an approximately apple-shaped line passing through the prominence of the sacrum, the arcuate and pectineal lines, and the upper margin of the pubic symphysis.
Occasionally, the terms pelvic inlet and pelvic brim are used interchangeably.
Contents
1Boundaries
2Diameters
3Additional images
4See also
5External links
Boundaries
The edge of the pelvic inlet (pelvic brim) is formed as follows:
Anteriorly by the pubic crest (or pubic symphysis)
Laterally by the iliopectineal line
(same as other side)
Posteriorly by the anterior margin of the base of the sacrum (or the ala of sacrum) and sacrovertebral angle (or sacral promontory)
Diameters
The diameters or conjugates of the pelvis are measured at the pelvic inlet and outlet and as oblique diameters.
Name
Description
Average measurement in female
Anteroposterior or conjugate diameter or conjugata vera
Extends from the lower margin of the pubic symphysis to the sacrococcygeal joint;
about 110 mm.
Transverse diameter
Extends across the greatest width of the superior aperture, from the middle of the brim on one side to the same point on the opposite;
about 135 mm.
Oblique diameter
Extends from the iliopectineal eminence of one side to the sacroiliac articulation of the opposite side;
about 125 mm.
Anatomical conjugate
Extends from the pubic symphysis to the promontory;
about 120 mm.
Diagonal conjugate
Extends from inferior pubic ligament to promontory through the vagina;
about 130 mm.
Straight conjugate
Extends from the lower border of the pubic symphysis to the tip of coccyx. The coccyx can bend posteriorly and expand the diameter with 25 mm;
about 95 mm (+ 25 mm).
Median conjugate
Extends from the lower border of the pubic symphysis to the lower border of the sacrum;
about 115 mm.
Two diameters may be measured from the outside of the body using a pelvimeter
Name
Description
Average measurement in female
Interspinous distance
Extends between the anterior superior iliac spines;
about 260 mm.
Intercristal distance
Extends between the furthest later points of the two iliac crests;
about 290 mm.
Additional images
Pelvis
Conjugata vera as measured on sagittal MRI
Low-dose CT scan of the transverse diameter of the pelvic inlet, as part of pelvimetry
Obstetric conjugate, as a measure of the pelvic inlet in the sagittal plane
See also
pelvic outlet
External links
Anatomy image:9951 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Anatomy image:9950 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - transverse diameter is blue pipecleaner, anteroposterior or conjugate diameter is red pipecleaner
Image at mun.ca
pelvis at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (medialpelvissmall, malepelvissagittalinlet&outletsml)
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Bones of the pelvis
General
sacrum
coccyx
hip bone
Ilium
body
arcuate line
wing
gluteal lines
posterior
anterior
inferior
iliac spines
anterior superior
anterior inferior
posterior superior
posterior inferior
other:
crest
tuberosity
tubercle
fossa
Ischium
body
ischial spine
lesser sciatic notch
superior ramus
tuberosity of the ischium
inferior ramus
no substructures
Pubis
body
pubic crest
superior ramus
pubic tubercle
obturator crest
inferior ramus
pectineal line
Compound
acetabulum
acetabular notch
iliopubic eminence / iliopectineal line
linea terminalis
ischiopubic ramus / pubic arch
Foramina
obturator foramen
greater sciatic foramen / greater sciatic notch
lesser sciatic foramen
Landmarks
pelvic inlet
pelvic brim
pelvic outlet
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