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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/09/27 03:50:31」(JST)

Polarization or polarisation can refer to:

Polarization (waves), the ability of waves to oscillate in more than one direction; in particular polarization of light, responsible for example for the glare-reducing effect of polarized sunglasses
- Polarization (antenna), the state of polarization (in the above sense) of electromagnetic waves transmitted by or received by a radio antenna
Dielectric polarization, charge separation in insulating materials:
- Polarization density, volume dielectric polarization
- Dipolar polarization, orientation of permanent dipoles
- Ionic polarization, displacement of ions in a crystal
- Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars polarization, slow long-distance charge separation in dielectric spectroscopy on inhomogeneous soft matter
Polarization (electrochemistry), a change in the equilibrium potential of an electrochemical reaction
Concentration polarization, the shift of the electrochemical potential difference across an electrochemical cell from its equilibrium value
Spin polarization, the degree by which the spin of elementary particles is aligned to a given direction
Polarizability, an electrical property of atoms or molecules and a separate magnetic property of subatomic particles
- Polarization function, a feature of some molecular modelling methods
Photon polarization, the mathematical link between wave polarization and spin polarization
Vacuum polarization, a process in which a background electromagnetic field produces virtual electron-positron pairs

Polarization of an Abelian variety, in the mathematics of complex manifolds
Polarization of an algebraic form, a technique for expressing a homogeneous polynomial in a simpler fashion by adjoining more variables
Polarization identity expresses an inner product in terms of its associated norm

Polarization (economics), an economic process where middle-class jobs disappear more than those at the bottom and the top
Polarization (politics), the process by which the public opinion divides and goes to the extremes
Polarization (psychology), the process whereby a social or political group is divided into opposing sub-groups
Social polarization
- Attitude polarization
- Group polarization
- Racial polarization, the process whereby a population with varyingly diverse ancestry is divided into distinct, homogenous racial groups

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1. 心臓自動能の増強 enhanced cardiac automaticity
2. 洞房結節リエントリー性頻拍（SANRT） sinoatrial nodal reentrant tachycardia sanrt
3. 神経筋接合部の電気診断学的評価 electrodiagnostic evaluation of the neuromuscular junction
4. 成人における単極性うつ病：経頭蓋磁気刺激（TMS）による治療 unipolar depression in adults treatment with transcranial magnetic stimulation tms
5. 成人におけるうつ病：ニューロモデュレーション治療の概要 depression in adults overview of neuromodulation procedures

Elevated K+ channel activity opposes vasoconstrictor response to serotonin in cerebral arteries of the Fawn Hooded Hypertensive rat.

Pabbidi MR1, Roman RJ2.
Physiological genomics.Physiol Genomics.2017 Jan 1;49(1):27-36. doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00072.2016. Epub 2016 Oct 27.
Previous studies suggest that middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) of Fawn Hooded Hypertensive (FHH) rats exhibit impaired myogenic response and introgression of a small region of Brown Norway chromosome 1 containing 15 genes restored the response in FHH.1BN congenic rat. The impaired myogenic response i
PMID 27789734

Somatic and Neuritic Spines on Tyrosine Hydroxylase-Immunopositive Cells of Rat Retina.

Fasoli A1, Dang J1, Gouw AH1, Johnson JS1, Fogli Iseppe A1, Ishida AT1,2.
The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2016 Dec 30. doi: 10.1002/cne.24166. [Epub ahead of print]
Dopamine- and tyrosine hydroxylase-immunopositive cells (TH cells) modulate visually driven signals as they flow through retinal photoreceptor, bipolar, and ganglion cells. Previous studies suggested that TH cells release dopamine from varicose axons arborizing in the inner and outer plexiform layer
PMID 28035673

Ivermectin-Activated, Cation-Permeable Glycine Receptors for the Chemogenetic Control of Neuronal Excitation.

Islam R1, Keramidas A1, Xu L1, Durisic N1, Sah P1, Lynch JW1,2.
ACS chemical neuroscience.ACS Chem Neurosci.2016 Dec 21;7(12):1647-1657. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00168. Epub 2016 Sep 27.
The ability to control neuronal activation is rapidly advancing our understanding of brain function and is widely viewed as having eventual therapeutic application. Although several highly effective optogenetic, optochemical genetic, and chemogenetic techniques have been developed for this purpose,
PMID 27611437

Okada Yukio,Miyazaki Toshihiro,Fujiyama Rie,Toda Kazuo
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 166(3), 434-440, 2013-11
… These results suggest that dietary unsaturated fatty acids may depolarize wing (Ib) cells, which affects the excitability of these cells. …
NAID 120005328272

Gymnopilin-a substance produced by the hallucinogenic mushroom, Gymnopilus junonius-mobilizes intracellular Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> in dorsal root ganglion cells

Miyazaki Shunsuke,Kitamura Naoki,Nishio Aiko,Tanaka Saki,Kayano Tomohiko,Moriya Taiki,Ichiyanagi Tsuyoshi,Shimomura Norihiro,Shibuya Izumi,Aimi Tadanori
Biomedical Research 33(2), 111-118, 2012
… junonius and was reported to act on the spinal cord and depolarize motoneurons. …
NAID 130004470806

飯島毅彦,田中健介
蘇生 28(1), 1-6, 2009
　ミトコンドリアは能動的な活動として神経細胞死を調節している。このため，虚血性神経細胞死に対する脳保護法としてミトコンドリアをターゲットにする研究が進められており，ミトコンドリアの持つ神経細胞保護作用を解明する必要がある。ミトコンドリアは，陰性に荷電しており，細胞内Ca2+の異常上昇を抑える緩衝作用の役割を果たしている。われわれは，培養細胞を用いて短時間の無酸素無糖状態におかれた神経細胞のミトコン …
NAID 130004785508