関: DNA photolyase

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a unit of illumination equal to 1 lumen per square centimeter; 10,000 phots equal 1 lux

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『写真』[photographの短縮形]

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/07/20 07:17:53」(JST)

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In enzymology, a deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase (EC 4.1.99.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

cyclobutadipyrimidine (in DNA)

\rightleftharpoons

2 pyrimidine residues (in DNA)

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, cyclobutadipyrimidine (in DNA), and one product, pyrimidine residues (in DNA).

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically in the "catch-all" class of carbon-carbon lyases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is deoxyribocyclobutadipyrimidine pyrimidine-lyase. Other names in common use include photoreactivating enzyme, DNA photolyase, DNA-photoreactivating enzyme, DNA cyclobutane dipyrimidine photolyase, DNA photolyase, deoxyribonucleic photolyase, deoxyribodipyrimidine photolyase, photolyase, PRE, PhrB photolyase, deoxyribonucleic cyclobutane dipyrimidine photolyase, phr A photolyase, dipyrimidine photolyase (photosensitive), and deoxyribonucleate pyrimidine dimer lyase (photosensitive). It has 2 cofactors: FAD, and 5,10-Methenyltetrahydrofolate.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 14 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1DNP, 1IQR, 1IQU, 1OWL, 1OWM, 1OWN, 1OWO, 1OWP, 1QNF, 1TEZ, 2E0I, 2J07, 2J08, and 2J09.

References

Eker AP, Fichtinger-Schepman AM (1975). "Studies on a DNA photoreactivating enzyme from Streptomyces griseus II. Purification of the enzyme". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 378 (1): 54–63. PMID 804322. doi:10.1016/0005-2787(75)90136-7.
Sancar GB, Smith FW, Reid R, Payne G, Levy M, Sancar A (1987). "Action mechanism of Escherichia coli DNA photolyase. I. Formation of the enzyme-substrate complex". J. Biol. Chem. 262 (1): 478–85. PMID 3539939.
Setlow JK, Bollum FJ (1968). "The minimum size of the substrate for yeast photoreactivating enzyme". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 157 (2): 233–7. PMID 5649902. doi:10.1016/0005-2787(68)90077-4.

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English Journal

The class III cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photolyase structure reveals a new antenna chromophore binding site and alternative photoreduction pathways.

Scheerer P1, Zhang F2, Kalms J3, von Stetten D4, Krauß N5, Oberpichler I6, Lamparter T7.
The Journal of biological chemistry.J Biol Chem.2015 May 1;290(18):11504-14. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.637868. Epub 2015 Mar 17.
Photolyases are proteins with an FAD chromophore that repair UV-induced pyrimidine dimers on the DNA in a light-dependent manner. The cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer class III photolyases are structurally unknown but closely related to plant cryptochromes, which serve as blue-light photoreceptors. Here
PMID 25784552

Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers photolyase from extremophilic microalga: remarkable UVB resistance and efficient DNA damage repair.

Li C1, Ma L2, Mou S3, Wang Y4, Zheng Z1, Liu F1, Qi X1, An M1, Chen H1, Miao J5.
Mutation research.Mutat Res.2015 Mar;773:37-42. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.07.010. Epub 2015 Jan 30.
Bacteria living in the Antarctic region have developed several adaptive features for growth and survival under extreme conditions. Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-Lis well adapted to high levels of solar UV radiation. A putative photolyase was identified in the Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L transcriptome. The compl
PMID 25769185

Dealing with light: the widespread and multitasking cryptochrome/photolyase family in photosynthetic organisms.

Fortunato AE1, Annunziata R1, Jaubert M1, Bouly JP2, Falciatore A3.
Journal of plant physiology.J Plant Physiol.2015 Jan 1;172:42-54. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.06.011. Epub 2014 Jul 7.
Light is essential for the life of photosynthetic organisms as it is a source of energy and information from the environment. Light excess or limitation can be a cause of stress however. Photosynthetic organisms exhibit sophisticated mechanisms to adjust their physiology and growth to the local envi
PMID 25087009

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deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase
Identifiers
EC number	4.1.99.3
CAS number	37290-70-3
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / EGO
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　　[★]

英: DNA photolyase、deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase
関: デオキシリボピリミジン光修復酵素、DNA光修復酵素、DNAフォトリアーゼ

「DNA photolyase」

　　[★]

DNA光回復酵素、DNA光修復酵素、DNAフォトリアーゼ

関: deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase

「デオキシリボピリミジン光修復酵素」

　　[★]

英: deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase
関: DNA光修復酵素、DNA光回復酵素

「photo」

　　[★]

写真、フォト

関: photograph、photographic、photography、picture

v t e Carbon-carbon lyases (EC 4.1)
4.1.1: Carboxy-lyases	Acetoacetate decarboxylase Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase Arginine decarboxylase Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase Glutamate decarboxylase Histidine decarboxylase Lysine decarboxylase Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase Ornithine decarboxylase Oxaloacetate decarboxylase Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase Pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase Pyruvate decarboxylase RuBisCO Uridine monophosphate synthetase/Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase
4.1.2: Aldehyde-lyases	Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase Aldolase A Aldolase B Aldolase C 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase Threonine aldolase
4.1.3: Oxo-acid-lyases	Isocitrate lyase 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase
4.1.99: Other	Tryptophanase Photolyase CPD lyase Spore photoproduct lyase

v t e Enzymes
Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis
Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor
Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes
Kinetics	Enzyme kinetics Eadie–Hofstee diagram Hanes–Woolf plot Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases (list) EC2 Transferases (list) EC3 Hydrolases (list) EC4 Lyases (list) EC5 Isomerases (list) EC6 Ligases (list)

リンク元	「DNA光回復酵素」「DNA photolyase」「デオキシリボピリミジン光修復酵素」
関連記事	「photo」

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deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase