WordNet

the act of gently pouring off a clear liquor (as from its original bottle) without disturbing the lees
pour out; "the sommelier decanted the wines" (同)pour, pour_out

PrepTutorEJDIC

(中の沈殿物を動かさないように他のびんへ)〈液体,特に酒〉'を'静かにつぐ

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/31 08:21:56」(JST)

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1. Upper phase

2. Lower phase

An example of decanter.

Decantation is a process for the separation of mixtures, by removing a layer of liquid, generally one from which a precipitate has settled. The purpose may be either to produce a clean decant, or to remove undesired liquid from the precipitate (or other layers). If the aim is to produce a clean solution, a small amount of solution must generally be left in the container, and care must be taken to prevent any precipitate from flowing with the solution out of the container.

Preliminary processes

A mixture of an insoluble solid in liquid is allowed to stand. The solid is insoluble and settles at the bottom if kept undisturbed for some time. This process is called sedimentation. A centrifuge may be useful in decanting a solution. The centrifuge causes the precipitate to be forced to the bottom of the container; if the force is high enough, the precipitate may form a compact solid. Then the liquid can be more easily poured away, as the precipitate will tend to remain in its compressed form. Similarly a mixture of two immiscible liquids can also be separated by decantation. For example, the oil and water extracted from fish may be decanted to obtain the oil. A mixture of kerosene and water can also be separated through decantation

Examples

It is frequently used to purify a liquid by separating it from a suspension of insoluble particles (e.g. in red wine, where the wine is decanted from the potassium bitartrate crystals). To obtain a sample of clear water from muddy water, muddy water is left in a container until the mud settles, and then the clear water is poured into another container.

Another example of decantation is the regeneration of used chiral stationary phase (CSP). The CSP to be decanted is gently mixed in a container with a compatible solvent to form a suspension. The suspension is allowed to rest for a period of time, after which the supernatant is carefully poured off. The supernatant contains the undesirable constituents of the former suspension, while the leftover sediment in the container is clean, reusable CSP. Decantation should be done directly after sedimentation. This process is also used in extracting pure iron from iron ore.

References

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English Journal

Effect of centrifugation and washing on adipose graft viability: A new method to improve graft efficiency.

Hoareau L, Bencharif K, Girard AC, Gence L, Delarue P, Hulard O, Festy F, Roche R.SourceADIP'sculpt Company, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, plateforme CYROI, 97 490 Sainte-Clotilde, Reunion Island, France. Electronic address: laurence.hoareau@adipsculpt.com.
Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS.J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg.2013 May;66(5):712-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2012.12.033. Epub 2013 Jan 26.
BACKGROUND: Adipose tissue grafting is a promising method in the field of surgical filling. We studied the effect of centrifugation on fat grafts, and we propose an optimised protocol for the improvement of adipose tissue viability.METHODS: Adipose tissue was subjected to different centrifugations,
PMID 23357708

Entrapping of Fullerenes, Nanotubes, and Inorganic Nanoparticles by a DNA-Chitosan Complex: A Method for Nanomaterials Removal.

Zinchenko AA, Maeda N, Pu S, Murata S.SourceGraduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University , Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
Environmental science & technology.Environ Sci Technol.2013 Apr 3. [Epub ahead of print]
We report a protocol for entrapping of various water-dispersed nanomaterials: fullerenes, multiwall carbon nanotubes, quantum dots (semiconductor nanoparticles), and gold nanorods, into a DNA-chitosan complex. In contrast to small-size nanomaterial particles, the bulky DNA-chitosan interpolyelectrol
PMID 23484822

Acceleration of biodiesel-glycerol decantation through NaCl-assisted gravitational settling: A strategy to economize biodiesel production.

Shirazi MM, Kargari A, Tabatabaei M, Mostafaeid B, Akia M, Barkhi M, Shirazi MJ.SourceYoung Researchers and Elites Club, Omidieh Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 164, Omidieh, Iran.
Bioresource technology.Bioresour Technol.2013 Apr;134:401-6. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.026. Epub 2013 Feb 18.
When making biodiesel, slow separation of glycerol; the main by-product of the transesterification reaction, could lead to longer operating times, bigger equipment and larger amount of steel and consequently increased production cost. Therefore, acceleration of glycerol/biodiesel decantation could p
PMID 23499494

Japanese Journal

99.溶剤抽出を利用した石炭の脱水

三浦孝一,前一広,蘆田隆一,田村朋一郎,井原貴行
石炭科学会議発表論文集 (38), 403-406, 2001-11-13
… Then the water is easily separated from the solvent by decantation. …
NAID 110006857557

^<125>I標識ホルモンを用いたコルチゾールのラジオイムノアッセイと各種動物の測定例

新井浩司,渡辺元,藤本美和,永田俊一,竹村勇司,田谷一善,笹本修司
The Journal of reproduction and development 41(5), 15, 1995-06-01
125I標識ホルモンを用いて，コルチゾールのラジオイムノアッセイの設定を試み，簡便，かつ高感度なアッセイをエーテルによる一回抽出法により安定して実施するに至った．1)エーテル抽出標準溶液および血漿(血清)サンプル(0.2〜10 μl)を抽出用ガラス試験管（13×100 mm）に取る．純水を加えて全量を400 μlとし，これにジエチルエーテル2 mlを加えて攪拌する．5分静置後，試験管をドライアイ …
NAID 10027317782