クッション

WordNet

protect from impact; "cushion the blow" (同)buffer, soften
a soft bag filled with air or a mass of padding such as feathers or foam rubber etc.
the layer of air that supports a hovercraft or similar vehicle
a small stiff cushion into which pins are stuck ready for use
tall straggling shrub with large globose crimson-yellow flowers; western Australia (同)pincushion hakea, Hakea laurina
a cushion that makes a seat more comfortable
softened by the addition of cushions or padding (同)cushiony, padded

PrepTutorEJDIC

『クッション』,座ぶとん / クッション状の物;(衝撃などを和らげるための)詰め物,まくら / 玉突台のクッション / …‘に'クッションを当てる;〈衝撃など〉'を'クッションを当てて和らげる
針差し,針山
〈C〉空気座ぶとん / 〈U〉空気ばね;(hovercraftを浮上させる)噴射気流

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/04 14:12:41」(JST)

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Cushions: often found in piles

Bean bag chairs

A cushion is a soft bag of some ornamental material, stuffed with wool, hair, feathers, polyester staple fiber, non-woven material, or even paper torn into fragments. It may be used for sitting or kneeling upon, or to soften the hardness or angularity of a chair or couch.^[1]

A cushion is also referred to as a bolster, hassock, headrest and a sham.^[2]

Cushions and rugs can be used temporarily outside to soften a hard ground. They can be placed on sunloungers and used to prevent annoyances from moist grass and biting insects. Some dialects of English use this word to refer to throw pillows as well.

The cushion is a very ancient article of furniture; the inventories of the contents of palaces and great houses in the early Middle Ages constantly made mention of them. Cushions were then often of great size, covered with leather, and firm enough to serve as a seat, but the steady tendency of all furniture has been to grow smaller with time. Today, cushion is considered as a part of upholstery item.

Cushions were, and are, used as seats at all events in France and Spain at a very much later period, and in Saint-Simon's time it is found that in the Spanish court they were still regarded as a peculiarly honourable substitute for a chair. In France, the right to kneel upon a cushion in church behind the king was jealously guarded and strictly regulated, as it is learnt again from Saint-Simon. This type of cushion was called a carreau, or square. When seats were rude and hard, cushions may have been a necessity; they are now one of the minor luxuries of life.

Decorative cushions are likely to have a fancy cover material which are patterned style and generally used to decorate furniture.

Etymology

The word cushion comes from Middle English cusshin, from Anglo-French cussin, quissin, from Vulgar Latin *coxinus, and from Latin coxa, hip.^[3] The first known use of the word cushion was in the 14th century.^[4]

Notes

^ "Cushion". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 2012-05-20.
^ "Cushion". Thesaurus.com. Retrieved 2012-05-20.
^ "Cushion". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 2013-08-17.
^ "Cushion". Merriam Webster. Retrieved 2012-05-20.

References

Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Cushion". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

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Hyaluronan stimulates ex vivo B lymphocyte chemotaxis and cytokine production in a murine model of fungal allergic asthma.

Ghosh S1, Hoselton SA2, Wanjara SB2, Carlson J3, McCarthy JB4, Dorsam GP2, Schuh JM2.
Immunobiology.Immunobiology.2015 Jul;220(7):899-909. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.01.011. Epub 2015 Feb 7.
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by excessive eosinophilic and lymphocytic inflammation with associated changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) resulting in airway wall remodeling. Hyaluronan (HA) is a nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan ECM component that f
PMID 25698348

Unraveling the interactions between cold atmospheric plasma and skin-components with vibrational microspectroscopy.

Kartaschew K1, Mischo M1, Baldus S2, Bründermann E1, Awakowicz P2, Havenith M1.
Biointerphases.Biointerphases.2015 Jun 6;10(2):029516. doi: 10.1116/1.4919610.
Using infrared and Raman microspectroscopy, the authors examined the interaction of cold atmospheric plasma with the skin's built-in protective cushion, the outermost skin layer stratum corneum. Following a spectroscopic analysis, the authors could identify four prominent chemical alterations caused
PMID 25947390

Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in field-collected terrestrial cordate gametophytes of pre-polypod leptosporangiate ferns (Osmundaceae, Gleicheniaceae, Plagiogyriaceae, Cyatheaceae).

Ogura-Tsujita Y1, Hirayama Y, Sakoda A, Suzuki A, Ebihara A, Morita N, Imaichi R.
Mycorrhiza.Mycorrhiza.2015 Jun 6. [Epub ahead of print]
To determine the mycorrhizal status of pteridophyte gametophytes in diverse taxa, the mycorrhizal colonization of wild gametophytes was investigated in terrestrial cordate gametophytes of pre-polypod leptosporangiate ferns, i.e., one species of Osmundaceae (Osmunda banksiifolia), two species of Glei
PMID 26047572

In vitro reconstitution of co-translational D1 insertion reveals a role of the cpSec-Alb3 translocase and Vipp1 in photosystem II biogenesis.

Walter B1, Hristou A1, Nowaczyk MM2, Schünemann D1.
The Biochemical journal.Biochem J.2015 Jun 1;468(2):315-24. doi: 10.1042/BJ20141425.
Photosystem II (PS II) is a multi-subunit complex localized in the thylakoid membrane that performs the light-dependent photosynthetic charge separation. The PS II reaction centre comprises, among others, the D1 protein. De novo synthesis and repair of PS II require efficient mechanisms for transpor
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