cuneus

Brain: Cuneus
	Medial surface of left cerebral hemisphere. (Cuneus visible at left in red.)
	Sagittal MRI slice with the cuneus and lingual gyrus shown in red.
Artery	posterior cerebral artery
NeuroNames	hier-139
NeuroLex ID	birnlex_1396
TA	A14.1.09.224
FMA	FMA:61903

楔部

同: 楔部

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/09/05 01:56:09」(JST)

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Cuneus (Latin for "wedge"; plural, cunei) is also the architectural term applied to the wedge-shaped divisions of the Roman theatre separated by the scalae or stairways; see Vitruvius v. 4. This shape also occurred in medieval architecture.

For the Foraminifer genus see Cuneus foram.

The cuneus is a smaller lobe in the occipital lobe of the brain. The cuneus is bounded anteriorly by the parieto-occipital sulcus, inferiorly by the calcarine sulcus.

The cuneus (Brodmann area 17) receives visual information from the contralateral superior retina representing the inferior visual field. It is most known for its involvement in basic visual processing. Pyramidal cells in the visual cortex (or striate cortex) of the cuneus, project to extrastriate cortices (BA 18,19). The mid-level visual processing that occurs in the extrastriate projection fields of the cuneus are modulated by extraretinal effects, like attention, working memory, and reward expectation.

In addition to its traditional role as a site for basic visual processing, gray matter volume in the cuneus is associated with better inhibitory control in bipolar depression patients.^[1] Pathologic gamblers have higher activity in the dorsal visual processing stream including the cuneus relative to controls.^[2]

Gallery

Position of cuneus(red) of left cerebral hemisphere.
Medial surface of left cerebral hemisphere. Cuneis is visible at left in green.
Infero-medial surface of right cerebral hemisphere. The color brown represents occipital lobe.
Medial surface of right cerebral hemisphere. Cuneus labeled at right.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cuneus.

^ Haldane M, Cunningham G, Androutsos C, Frangou S (March 2008). "Structural brain correlates of response inhibition in Bipolar Disorder I". Journal of Psychopharmacology 22 (2): 138–43. doi:10.1177/0269881107082955. PMID 18308812.
^ Crockford DN, Goodyear B, Edwards J, Quickfall J, el-Guebaly N (November 2005). "Cue-induced brain activity in pathological gamblers". Biological Psychiatry 58 (10): 787–95. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.04.037. PMID 15993856.

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

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English Journal

Evolution of source EEG synchronization in early Alzheimer's disease.

Knyazeva MG, Carmeli C, Khadivi A, Ghika J, Meuli R, Frackowiak RS.SourceLREN, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Maria.Knyazeva@chuv.ch.
Neurobiology of aging.Neurobiol Aging.2013 Mar;34(3):694-705. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2012.07.012. Epub 2012 Aug 14.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) disrupts functional connectivity in distributed cortical networks. We analyzed changes in the S-estimator, a measure of multivariate intraregional synchronization, in electroencephalogram (EEG) source space in 15 mild AD patients versus 15 age-matched controls to evaluate it
PMID 22902196

Patterns of fractional amplitude of low-frequency oscillations in occipito-striato-thalamic regions of first-episode drug-naïve panic disorder.

Lai CH, Wu YT.SourceDivision of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC; Brain Image Research Unit, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Taipei Branch, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: stephenlai99@gmail.com.
Journal of affective disorders.J Affect Disord.2012 Dec 15;142(1-3):180-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.04.021. Epub 2012 Jul 6.
OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate patterns of fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF, an indicator for the intensity of regional brain spontaneous activities) of patients with first-episode drug-naïve panic disorder (PD).METHODS: Thirty patients (17 females, 13 ma
PMID 22770722