adj

水晶のような、透明な。明確な。結晶性の、結晶質の、結晶体からなる

WordNet

distinctly or sharply outlined; "crystalline sharpness of outline"- John Buchan
transmitting light; able to be seen through with clarity; "the cold crystalline water of melted snow"; "crystal clear skies"; "could see the sand on the bottom of the limpid pool"; "lucid air"; "a pellucid brook"; "transparent crystal" (同)crystal clear, limpid, lucid, pellucid, transparent
consisting of or containing or of the nature of crystals; "granite is crystalline"

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水晶のような,鮮明な / 結晶状の,結晶質の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/08/10 20:50:44」(JST)

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Look up crystallinity or crystalline in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Crystallinity refers to the degree of structural order in a solid. In a crystal, the atoms or molecules are arranged in a regular, periodic manner. The degree of crystallinity has a big influence on hardness, density, transparency and diffusion. In a gas, the relative positions of the atoms or molecules are completely random. Amorphous materials, such as liquids and glasses, represent an intermediate case, having order over short distances (a few atomic or molecular spacings) but not over longer distances.

Many materials (such as glass-ceramics and some polymers), can be prepared in such a way as to produce a mixture of crystalline and amorphous regions. In such cases, crystallinity is usually specified as a percentage of the volume of the material that is crystalline. Even within materials that are completely crystalline, however, the degree of structural perfection can vary. For instance, most metallic alloys are crystalline, but they usually comprise many independent crystalline regions (grains or crystallites) in various orientations separated by grain boundaries; furthermore, they contain other crystal defects (notably dislocations) that reduce the degree of structural perfection. The most highly perfect crystals are silicon boules produced for semiconductor electronics; these are large single crystals (so they have no grain boundaries), are nearly free of dislocations, and have precisely controlled concentrations of defect atoms.

Crystallinity can be measured using x-ray diffraction, but calorimetric techniques are also commonly used.

Rocks crystallinity

Geologists describe four qualitative levels of crystallinity:

holocrystalline rocks are completely crystalline;
hypocrystalline rocks are partially crystalline, with crystals embedded in an amorphous or glassy matrix;
hypohyaline rocks are partially glassy;
holohyaline rocks (such as obsidian) are completely glassy.

References

Oxford dictionary of science, 1999, ISBN 0-19-280098-1.

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English Journal

Control of β-carotene bioaccessibility using starch-based filled hydrogels.

Mun S1, Kim YR2, McClements DJ3.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2015 Apr 15;173:454-61. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.053. Epub 2014 Oct 18.
β-Carotene was incorporated into three types of delivery system: (i) "emulsions": protein-coated fat droplets dispersed in water; (ii) "hydrogels": rice starch gels; and (iii) "filled hydrogels": protein-coated fat droplets dispersed in rice starch gels. Fat droplets in filled hydrogels were stable
PMID 25466045

Effect of laboratory milling on properties of starches isolated from different flour millstreams of hard and soft wheat.

Yu J1, Wang S2, Wang J3, Li C3, Xin Q3, Huang W3, Zhang Y4, He Z5, Wang S6.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2015 Apr 1;172C:504-14. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.070. Epub 2014 Sep 28.
The properties of starch from different flour millstreams are very important for the production of specific flours used in different wheat-based food products. The present study aimed at characterising starches from different flour millstreams by Buhler laboratory mill and flour from Brabender senio
PMID 25442585

Physicochemical properties and digestibility of hydrothermally treated waxy rice starch.

Zeng F1, Ma F1, Kong F2, Gao Q1, Yu S3.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2015 Apr 1;172C:92-8. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.020. Epub 2014 Sep 16.
Waxy rice starch was subjected to annealing (ANN) and heat-moisture treatment (HMT). These starches were also treated by a combination of ANN and HMT. The impact of single and dual modifications (ANN-HMT and HMT-ANN) on the molecular weight (Mw), crystalline structure, thermal properties, and the di
PMID 25442528

Vibrational spectroscopic study of polymorphism and polymorphic transformation of the anti-viral drug lamivudine.

Du Y1, Zhang H2, Xue J3, Tang W4, Fang H2, Zhang Q2, Li Y3, Hong Z2.
Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc.2015 Feb 25;137:1158-63. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.08.128. Epub 2014 Oct 7.
Vibrational spectra of hydrated and anhydrous lamivudines, and also the dynamic process of polymorphic transformation have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopic techniques. The vibrational modes of both polymorphic lamivudines are assigned. FT-IR and Raman
PMID 25305607

Japanese Journal

Rheo-optical Raman study of microscopic deformation in high-density polyethylene under hot drawing

Kida Takumitsu,Hiejima Yusuke,Nitta Koh-hei
Polymer Testing 44, 30-36, 2015-07-01
… The microscopic stress of the crystalline chains decreased with increasing temperature and diminished around 50°C. … Moreover, the orientation of the crystalline chains was greatly promoted above 50°C. … These microscopic structural changes were caused by the thermal activation of the molecular motion within lamellar crystalline chains owing to the onset of relaxation of the crystalline phase. …
NAID 120005613967

Silicon heterojunction solar cells with novel fluorinated n-type nanocrystalline silicon oxide emitters on p-type crystalline silicon

Dhar Sukanta,Mandal Sourav,Das Gourab,Mukhopadhyay Sumita,Ray Partha,Banerjee Chandan,Barua Asok
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 54(8S1), 08KD03, 2015-06-18
… A novel fluorinated phosphorus doped silicon oxide based nanocrystalline material have been used to prepare heterojunction solar cells on flat p-type crystalline silicon (c-Si) Czochralski (CZ) wafers. … These results indicate that n type nc-SiO:F:H material is a promising candidate for heterojunction solar cell on p-type crystalline wafers. …
NAID 150000111014

Characterization of laser transferred contact through aluminum oxide passivation layer

Urabe Shunsuke,Irikawa Junpei,Konagai Makoto,Miyajima Shinsuke
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 54(8S1), 08KD02, 2015-06-16
… The point contact structure of the rear side of crystalline silicon solar cells is used to realize high passivation quality and good electrical contact. … In the LFC process, laser irradiation damage to the surface of crystalline silicon was found to be the big issues for higher passivation quality. …
NAID 150000111018

Crystalline silicon germanium films grown on crystalline silicon substrates by solid phase crystallization

Kojima Yuji,Isomura Masao
Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 54(8S1), 08KB01, 2015-06-12
… We researched on crystalline silicon–germanium films (c-SiGe) for bottom cells of silicon-based multijunction solar cells. …
NAID 150000111020

「結晶性」

　　[★]

英: crystalline、crystal-induced
関: 結晶

「crystal-induced」

　　[★]

結晶性の

関: crystalline

「noncrystalline」

　　[★]

adj.

非晶質の

関: amorphous

「paracrystalline」

　　[★]

準結晶の

関: paracrystal

「crystalline field」

　　[★]

結晶場

関: crystal field

「crystalline zinc insulin」

　　[★] 結晶性亜鉛インスリン

リンク元	「結晶性」「crystal-induced」
拡張検索	「noncrystalline」「paracrystalline」「crystalline field」「crystalline zinc insulin」

匿名

検索

案内

案内

crystalline