WordNet

take without the owners consent; "Someone stole my wallet on the train"; "This author stole entire paragraphs from my dissertation"
a stolen base; an instance in which a base runner advances safely during the delivery of a pitch (without the help of a hit or walk or passed ball or wild pitch)
move stealthily; "The ship slipped away in the darkness" (同)slip
steal a base
(botany) the trumpet-shaped or cup-shaped outgrowth of the corolla of a daffodil or narcissus flower
one or more circles of light seen around a luminous object
a long cigar with blunt ends
(anatomy) any structure that resembles a crown in shape
surrounding like a crown (especially of the blood vessels surrounding the heart); "coronary arteries"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(…から)〈物〉‘を'『盗む』《+『名』〈物〉+『from』+『名』》 / (…から)…‘を'こっそり取る,うまく手に入れる+『名』+『from』+『名』》 / (野球で)〈塁〉‘を'盗む,‘に'盗塁する / 盗みをする / 《方向・場所を表す副詞[句]を伴って》こっそり動く / 〈U〉《米話》こっそりと盗むこと;〈C〉盗品 / 〈C〉《単数形で》《米話》格安品,掘り出し物 / 〈C〉(野球で)盗塁
コロナ(皆既日食のときに見える光冠) / (太陽・月などの)かさ
冠状動脈の / 心臓の / 冠状動脈血栓(けっせん)症(coronary thrombosis)
〈U〉盗むこと;(野球で)盗塁,スチール / 〈C〉《複数形で》盗品

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/11/30 23:33:57」(JST)

wiki en

Coronary steal (with its symptoms termed cardiac steal syndrome) is a phenomenon where an alteration of circulation patterns lead to a reduction in the blood directed to the coronary circulation.^[1] It is caused when there is narrowing of the coronary arteries and a coronary vasodilator^[2] is used - "stealing" blood away from those parts of the heart. This happens as a result of the narrowed coronary arteries being always maximally dilated to compensate for the decreased upstream blood supply. Thus, dilating the resistance vessels in the coronary circulation causes blood to be shunted away from the coronary vessels supplying the ischemic zones, creating more ischemia.

Causative agents

It is associated with dipyridamole. Hence, dipyridamole is a pharmacological success, but a therapeutic failure because of the coronary steal phenomenon.^[3]

Coronary steal is also the mechanism in most drug-based cardiac stress tests; When a patient is incapable of doing physical activity they are given a vasodilator that produces a "cardiac steal syndrome" as a diagnostic procedure. The test result is positive if the patient's symptoms reappear or if ECG alterations are seen.

It is also associated with the administration of Isoflurane, which is an inhaled anesthetic. Hydralazine can potentially cause this condition as well, as it is a direct arteriolar vasodilator.

It has been associated with nitroprusside.^[4]

Other causes

Coronary arteriovenous fistula between coronary artery and another cardiac chamber, like, the coronary sinus, right atrium, or right ventricle ; may cause steal syndrome under conditions like myocardial infarction and possible angina or ventricular arrhythmias, if the shunt is large in magnitude.^[5]

It can also be associated with new patterns of blood vessel growth.^[6]

Treatment

It is sometimes treated by surgery.^[7]

References

^ Gould KL (August 1989). "Coronary steal. Is it clinically important?". Chest 96 (2): 227–8. doi:10.1378/chest.96.2.227. PMID 2787728.
^ Werner GS, Figulla HR (July 2002). "Direct assessment of coronary steal and associated changes of collateral hemodynamics in chronic total coronary occlusions". Circulation 106 (4): 435–40. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000022848.92729.33. PMID 12135942.
^ Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, 5th Edition
^ David L. Hoyt; Wilson, William J.; Grande, Christopher M. (2007). Trauma. Informa Healthcare. p. 304. ISBN 0-8247-2920-X.
^ Harrisson's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition
^ Aziz S, Stables RH (July 2005). "Coronary steal induced by angiogenesis following bypass surgery". Heart 91 (7): 863. doi:10.1136/hrt.2004.043471. PMC 1768979. PMID 15958345.
^ Kern MJ (1996). "Coronary steal through anomalous internal mammary artery graft treated by ligation without sternotomy". Tex Heart Inst J 23 (4): 316–7. PMC 325384. PMID 8969040.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 鎖骨下動脈盗血症候群 subclavian steal syndrome
2. 若年男女における冠動脈疾患および心筋梗塞 coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction in young men and women
3. 先天性および小児冠動脈異常 congenital and pediatric coronary artery abnormalities
4. Cardiovascular problems in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU)
5. 虚血性脳卒中の二次予防の概要 overview of secondary prevention of ischemic stroke

English Journal

The dynamics of the coronary collateral circulation.

Zimarino M1, D'Andreamatteo M1, Waksman R2, Epstein SE2, De Caterina R1.Author information 1Institute of Cardiology and Center of Excellence on Aging, Università degli Studi 'G. d'Annunzio' Chieti e Pescara, c/o Ospedale SS. Annunziata, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy.2Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, 110 Irving Street North West, Washington, DC 20010, USA.AbstractCoronary collaterals are present at birth, with wide interindividual variation in their functional capacity. These vessels protect jeopardized myocardium, and the number of collaterals and the extent of their coverage are associated with improved survival in patients with coronary heart disease. The collateral circulation is not a permanent set of structures, but undergoes dynamic changes with important consequences for cardioprotection. If a severe atherosclerotic lesion develops in an artery supplying tissue downstream of a total occlusion through collateral blood flow, pressure gradients across the collateral bed change. The result is that some of the collateral flow previously supplying the perfusion territory of the totally occluded artery is redirected to the perfusion territory of the donor artery, thus producing a 'collateral steal'. The collateral circulation can regress once antegrade flow in the main dependent artery is re-established, as occurs following the recanalization of a chronic total occlusion. The clinical benefits of coronary revascularization must be cautiously weighed against the risk of reducing the protective support derived from coronary collaterals. Consequently, pharmacological, gene-based, and cell-based therapeutic attempts have been made to enhance collateral function. Although such approaches have so far yielded no, or modest, beneficial results, the rapidly accruing data on coronary collateral circulation will hopefully lead to new effective therapeutic strategies.
Nature reviews. Cardiology.Nat Rev Cardiol.2014 Apr;11(4):191-7. doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2013.207. Epub 2014 Jan 7.
Coronary collaterals are present at birth, with wide interindividual variation in their functional capacity. These vessels protect jeopardized myocardium, and the number of collaterals and the extent of their coverage are associated with improved survival in patients with coronary heart disease. The
PMID 24395049

Steal syndrome secondary to coronary artery fistulae associated with giant aneurysm.

Castles AV, Mogilevski T, Haq MA.Author information Anastasia Vlachadis Castles, Tamara Mogilevski, Muhammad Asrar ul Haq, Department of Cardiology, The Northern Hospital, Epping, VIC 3076, Australia.AbstractGiant coronary artery aneurysms and coronary artery fistulae are uncommon pathologies. We present the case of an elderly woman who was referred to cardiology for investigation of possible ischaemic heart disease prior to orthopaedic surgery. The patient had developed chest pain in the setting of a septic total knee replacement associated with changes on electrocardiography. Coronary angiography revealed multiple coronary arteriovenous fistulae associated with giant coronary artery aneurysm causing steal syndrome in the setting of haemodynamic stress.
World journal of cardiology.World J Cardiol.2014 Mar 26;6(3):112-4. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v6.i3.112.
Giant coronary artery aneurysms and coronary artery fistulae are uncommon pathologies. We present the case of an elderly woman who was referred to cardiology for investigation of possible ischaemic heart disease prior to orthopaedic surgery. The patient had developed chest pain in the setting of a s
PMID 24669293

Coronary Subclavian Steal Syndrome.

Fonseka N1, Dunn J2, Andrikopoulou E2, Finkel J2.
The American journal of medicine.Am J Med.2014 Mar 20. pii: S0002-9343(14)00233-2. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.03.006. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID 24657332