目次
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (共通の目的を持った)協力者,協同者
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2018/04/12 13:48:29」(JST)
wiki en
English Journal
- Physiological changes of a green alga (Micractinium sp.) involved in an early-stage of association with Tetrahymena thermophila during 5-year microcosm culture.
- Germond A, Kunihiro T, Inouhe M, Nakajima T.Author information Department of Biology, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.AbstractEndosymbioses between phototrophic algae and heterotrophic organisms are an important symbiotic association in that this association connects photo- and heterotrophic metabolism, and therefore, affects energy/matter pathways and cycling in the ecosystem. However, little is known about the early processes of evolution of an endosymbiotic association between previously non-associated organisms. In previous studies, we analyzed an early process of the evolution of an endosymbiotic association between an alga and a ciliate by using a long-term culture of an experimental model ecosystem (CET microcosm) composed of a green alga (Micractinium sp.), a bacterium (Escherichia coli), and a ciliate (Tetrahymena thermophila). The results revealed that an algal type, isolated from 5-year cultures of the microcosm, prolonged the longevity of the ancestral and derived clones of T. thermophila in the absence of bacteria, suggesting that a cooperative algal phenotype that benefited the ciliate had evolved in the microcosm. Here, we investigated the physiological changes of the derived Micractinium clones that benefited Tetrahymena, focusing on the release of carbohydrates by and abundance of photopigments in the ancestral and 2 derived algal clones (SC10-2 and SC9-1) isolated from inside Tetrahymena cells. Analyses using HPLC revealed that the algal isolates released glycerol and sucrose at higher concentrations per cell and also contained higher levels of photopigments per cell at pH 7.2, in comparison with the ancestral strain. These phenotypic characters were considered responsible for the increased longevity of Tetrahymena cells, and thus supported the cooperator alga hypothesis.
- Bio Systems.Biosystems.2013 Dec;114(3):164-71. doi: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2013.08.005. Epub 2013 Sep 11.
- Endosymbioses between phototrophic algae and heterotrophic organisms are an important symbiotic association in that this association connects photo- and heterotrophic metabolism, and therefore, affects energy/matter pathways and cycling in the ecosystem. However, little is known about the early proc
- PMID 24035831
- You cannot have your normal functioning cake and eat it too.
- Loi M.Author information Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, , Milan, Italy.AbstractDoes biomedical enhancement challenge justice in health care? This paper argues that health care justice based on the concept of normal functioning is inadequate if enhancements are widespread. Two different interpretations of normal functioning are distinguished: the "species typical" vs. the "normal cooperator" account, showing that each version of the theory fails to account for certain egalitarian intuitions about help and assistance owed to people with health needs, where enhancements are widespread.
- Journal of medical ethics.J Med Ethics.2013 Dec;39(12):748-51. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2012-100989. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
- Does biomedical enhancement challenge justice in health care This paper argues that health care justice based on the concept of normal functioning is inadequate if enhancements are widespread. Two different interpretations of normal functioning are distinguished: the "species typical" vs. the "norm
- PMID 23349511
- Memory for reputational trait information: Is social-emotional information processing less flexible in old age?
- Bell R, Giang T, Mund I, Buchner A.Author information Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf.AbstractHow do younger and older adults remember reputational trait information about other people? In the present study, trustworthy-looking and untrustworthy-looking faces were paired with cooperation or cheating in a cooperation game. In a surprise source-memory test, participants were asked to rate the likability of the faces, and were required to remember whether the faces were associated with negative or positive outcomes. The social expectations of younger and older adults were clearly affected by a priori facial trustworthiness. Facial trustworthiness was associated with high cooperation-game investments, high likability ratings, and a tendency toward guessing that a face belonged to a cooperator instead of a cheater in both age groups. Consistent with previous results showing that emotional memory is spared from age-related decline, memory for the association between faces and emotional reputational information was well preserved in older adults. However, younger adults used a flexible encoding strategy to remember the social interaction partners. Source-memory was best for information that violated their (positive) expectations. Older adults, in contrast, showed a uniform memory bias for negative social information; their memory performance was not modulated by their expectations. This finding suggests that older adults are less likely to adjust their encoding strategies to their social expectations than younger adults. This may be in line with older adults' motivational goals to avoid risks in social interactions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved).
- Psychology and aging.Psychol Aging.2013 Dec;28(4):984-95. doi: 10.1037/a0034266.
- How do younger and older adults remember reputational trait information about other people In the present study, trustworthy-looking and untrustworthy-looking faces were paired with cooperation or cheating in a cooperation game. In a surprise source-memory test, participants were asked to rate the
- PMID 24364403
Japanese Journal
- 八女市笠原地区における"木育"を足掛かりとした地域復興への取り組み
- 久留米信愛女学院短期大学研究紀要 (39), 69-76, 2016-07-01
- NAID 110010056057
- 「地域おこし協力隊」の政策目的と実態 : 鳥取県智頭町を事例に
- 同志社政策科学院生論集 = Doshisha policy and management review 5, 41-52, 2016-03-10
- NAID 120005741452
- 2つの集団で構成される社会で一般交換を維持させる利他行動の特徴
- 心理学研究 advpub(0), 240-250, 2016
- NAID 130005151316
Related Links
- About The Cooperator New York Cooperator.com is an online edition of The Cooperator New York newspaper. The publication serves the co-op and condo community with thousands of free articles on management, finance ...
- Get quick answers for your immediate insurance needs. Putting clients first Find out why co-ops are better. Claims Guarantee Making a claim? Here’s what you can expect. We Guarantee it. Answer Centre Get answers Services ...
Related Pictures
