confuse

• v.

• 混乱させる、錯乱する、混同する

関

confound、confusion、derange、derangement、disarray、disorganized、disorient、disrupt、disruption、perturbation、upset

　 　 　 　 　

WordNet

1. be confusing or perplexing to; cause to be unable to think clearly; "These questions confuse even the experts"; "This question completely threw me"; "This question befuddled even the teacher" (同)throw, fox, befuddle, fuddle, bedevil, confound, discombobulate
2. make unclear, indistinct, or blurred; "Her remarks confused the debate"; "Their words obnubilate their intentions" (同)blur, obscure, obnubilate
3. mistake one thing for another; "you are confusing me with the other candidate"; "I mistook her for the secretary" (同)confound
4. cause to feel embarrassment; "The constant attention of the young man confused her" (同)flurry, disconcert, put off
5. disorder resulting from a failure to behave predictably; "the army retreated in confusion"
6. a mistake that results from taking one thing to be another; "he changed his name in order to avoid confusion with the notorious outlaw" (同)mix-up
7. an act causing a disorderly combination of elements with identities lost and distinctions blended; "the confusion of tongues at the Tower of Babel"
8. a feeling of embarrassment that leaves you confused (同)discombobulation
9. a mental state characterized by a lack of clear and orderly thought and behavior; "a confusion of impressions" (同)mental_confusion, confusedness, muddiness, disarray
10. the act of causing disorder (同)perturbation
11. used of an unexpected defeat of a team favored to win; "the Bills upset victory over the Houston Oilers"
12. the act of disturbing the mind or body; "his carelessness could have caused an ecological upset"; "she was unprepared for this sudden overthrow of their normal way of living" (同)derangement, overthrow
13. the act of upsetting something; "he was badly bruised by the upset of his sled at a high speed" (同)overturn, turnover
14. a tool used to thicken or spread metal (the end of a bar or a rivet etc.) by forging or hammering or swaging (同)swage
15. cause to lose ones composure (同)discompose, untune, disconcert, discomfit
16. defeat suddenly and unexpectedly; "The foreign team upset the local team"
17. disturb the balance or stability of; "The hostile talks upset the peaceful relations between the two countries"
18. mildly physically distressed; "an upset stomach"
19. (physics) a secondary influence on a system that causes it to deviate slightly
20. a disposition that is confused or nervous and upset (同)fluster
21. activity that is a malfunction, intrusion, or interruption; "the term `distress connotes some degree of perturbation and emotional upset"; "he looked around for the source of the disturbance"; "there was a disturbance of neural function" (同)disturbance
22. throw into disorder; "This event disrupted the orderly process"
23. a state of mental disturbance and disorientation (同)mental unsoundness, unbalance
24. in a confused manner; "Queen Augusta wrote him an hysterical letter in which she confusedly sympathised with him"
25. mentally confused; unable to think with clarity or act intelligently; "the flood of questions left her bewildered and confused"
26. lacking orderly continuity; "a confused set of instructions"; "a confused dream about the end of the world"; "disconnected fragments of a story"; "scattered thoughts" (同)disconnected, disjointed, disordered, garbled, illogical, scattered, unconnected
27. having lost your bearings; confused as to time or place or personal identity; "I frequently find myself disoriented when I come up out of the subway"; "the anesthetic left her completely disoriented" (同)disoriented, lost
28. causing confusion or disorientation; "a confusing jumble of road signs"; "being hospitalized can be confusing and distressing for a small child"
29. lacking clarity of meaning; causing confusion or perplexity; "sent confusing signals to Iraq"; "perplexing to someone who knew nothing about it"; "a puzzling statement" (同)perplexing, puzzling

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (…と)'を'『混同する』,取り違える《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 〈人〉'を'『とまどわせる』,当惑させる / 〈論点・情況・順序など〉'を'混乱させる
2. 『混乱』,乱雑(disorder) / (…と…との)混同《+『of』+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 当惑,ろうばい
3. 混乱,中断,分裂,崩壊[状態]
4. 『…‘を'ひっくり返す』,転覆させる / 〈計画など〉‘を'『だめにする』,だいなしにする,狂わす / 〈人〉‘の'『心お乱す』,'を'ろうばいさせる / 〈体など〉‘の'調子お狂わせる / 《米》(競技などで)〈相手〉'を'思いがけなく負かす / ひっくり返った / (計画などが)だいなしの,狂った / 《捕語にのみ用いて》(精神的に)混乱した,ろうばいした / (体などの)調子がおかしくなった / 〈U〉〈C〉『転倒』,転落 / 〈C〉(計画.心などの)『混乱』,乱れ;(体の)不調 / 〈C〉《話》けんか / 〈C〉《米》(競技などでの)番狂わせ
5. 〈U〉動揺,不安;混乱 / 〈C〉不安(混乱)のもと
6. 〈情況など〉'を'『混乱させる』,〈人〉'を'困惑させる,面くらわせる / (…と)…'を'『混同する』《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 〈計画・希望・敵など〉'を'破る,くじく(defeat) / 《遠回しに腹立たしさなどを表して》〈神〉が…'を'地獄に落とす
7. …‘を'混乱させる / (一時的に)…‘を'中断させる
8. 精神錯乱,狂気 / 乱すこと,乱れ,混乱
9. 困惑した,まごついた / ごっちゃになった,混乱した;(思考・言葉など)支離滅裂の
10. 乱混させる[ような],当惑させる

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/04 21:47:18」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

"Confusion" and "confused" redirect here. For For other uses, see Confusion (disambiguation).

Confusion (from Latin confusĭo, -ōnis, from confundere: "to pour together;" "to mingle together;" "to confuse") is the state of being bewildered or unclear in one’s mind about something.

Medical term

Mental Confusion Classifications
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	R41.0
ICD-9-CM	298.9
MedlinePlus	003205
MeSH	D003221

The term, "acute mental confusion" is often used interchangeably with delirium in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems and the Medical Subject Headings publications to describe the pathology. These refer to the loss of orientation, or the ability to place oneself correctly in the world by time, location; and personal identity. Mental confusion is sometimes accompanied by disordered consciousness (the loss of linear thinking) and memory loss (the ability to correctly recall previous events or learn new material).

Causes

Mental confusion may result from drug side effects or from a relatively sudden brain dysfunction. Acute confusion is often called delirium (or "acute confusional state"), although delirium often includes a much broader array of disorders than simple confusion. These disorders include the inability to focus attention; various impairments in awareness; and temporal or spatial dis-orientation. Mental confusion can result from chronic organic brain pathologies, such as dementia, as well.

Differential diagnosis

Further information: Differential diagnosis

The most common causes of drug induced acute confusion are dopaminergic drugs (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease), diuretics, tricyclic or tetracyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines. The elderly, and especially those with pre-existing dementia, are most at risk for drug induced acute confusional states. New research is finding a link between Vitamin D deficiency and cognitive impairment (which includes 'foggy brain').

See also

• Cognitive distortion

References

External links

• National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. せん妄および錯乱状態の診断 diagnosis of delirium and confusional states
• 2. 救急外来における異常行動の評価 evaluation of abnormal behavior in the emergency department
• 3. 成人における確定診断を得られていない低血圧やショックの評価および初期アプローチ evaluation of and initial approach to the adult patient with undifferentiated hypotension and shock
• 4. せん妄および急性錯乱状態：予防、治療、および予後 delirium and acute confusional states prevention treatment and prognosis
• 5. 潜在性毒素曝露を認める小児に対するアプローチ approach to the child with occult toxic exposure

English Journal

• AZGP1 suppresses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and hepatic carcinogenesis by blocking TGFβ1-ERK2 pathways.

• Xu MY1, Chen R1, Yu JX1, Liu T1, Qu Y1, Lu LG2.
• Cancer letters.Cancer Lett.2016 May 1;374(2):241-9. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.02.025. Epub 2016 Feb 20.
• Zinc-α2-glycoprotein 1 (AZGP1) has been found to play important roles in TGF-β1 induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the mechanisms of AZGP1 inhibiting EMT and its therapeutic potential remain unknown in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AZGP1, TGF-β1 or ERK2 expressions wer
• PMID 26902423

• From NGS assembly challenges to instability of fungal mitochondrial genomes: A case study in genome complexity.

• Misas E1, Muñoz JF1, Gallo JE2, McEwen JG3, Clay OK4.
• Computational biology and chemistry.Comput Biol Chem.2016 Apr;61:258-69. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2016.02.016. Epub 2016 Feb 21.
• The presence of repetitive or non-unique DNA persisting over sizable regions of a eukaryotic genome can hinder the genome's successful de novo assembly from short reads: ambiguities in assigning genome locations to the non-unique subsequences can result in premature termination of contigs and thus o
• PMID 26970210

• MRI findings of subchondroplasty of the knee: a two-case report.

• Nevalainen MT1, Sharkey PF2, Cohen SB2, Roedl JB3, Zoga AC3, Morrison WB3.
• Clinical imaging.Clin Imaging.2016 Mar-Apr;40(2):241-3. doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2015.11.015. Epub 2015 Nov 30.
• Bone marrow lesions observed in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been recognized as a source of knee pain. Subchondroplasty was developed to treat these lesions with a percutaneous injection of calcium phosphate bone substitute into the bone. As subchondroplasty may potentially become a more co
• PMID 26995579

• Egg Safety Standards in China Need To Be Improved.

• Zhang G1, Chen A2, Zhao Y2, Xu Z2, Chen G2, Yang S2.
• Journal of food protection.J Food Prot.2016 Mar;79(3):512-8. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-15-308.
• National and industrial standards used for the certification and inspection of eggs and egg products in the People's Republic of China were reviewed. Although egg production is very high, specific egg and egg product standards are insufficient. Currently, 11 recommended standards and 6 compulsory st
• PMID 26939665

Japanese Journal

• 日本人大学生による苦情の書き方に見るライティング方策

• 守屋 靖代
• 教育研究 (57), 99-110, 2015-03
• … It also considers issues related to the transfer from the mother tongue thatmay obscure the main point and thus confuse the reader. …
• NAID 120005605231

• 高精度屋内位置情報を利用した直感的な家電操作手法の提案

• 米田 純,荒川 豊,玉井 森彦,安本 慶一
• 情報処理学会論文誌コンシューマ・デバイス＆システム（CDS） 5(1), 30-37, 2015-02-12
• … However, their too many buttons may confuse users. …
• NAID 110009877230

• 視界制限状態における航法の適用と運動ベクトル

• 渕 真輝,藤本 昌志,臼井 伸之介,廣野 康平
• 日本航海学会論文集 132(0), 9-15, 2015
• … The study was conducted by questionnaires, and the results suggest the following: (1) Many navigators confuse conduct of vessels in sight of one another and conduct of vessels in restricted visibility.(2) Some navigators understanding of vector mode is dubious. …
• NAID 130005086748

• B3-5 人間乱数パスワード : 人間乱数のIDシステムへの応用(B3 時系列・言語情報,一般講演)

• 田中 美栄子,田中 侑希,地主 成希
• バイオメディカル・ファジィ・システム学会大会講演論文集 : BMFSA (27), 91-92, 2014-11-11
• … We tend to forget our passwords or confuse various different passwords. …
• NAID 110009895948

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「confound」「disrupt」「perturbation」「upset」「derange」
拡張検索	「confused patients」

「confound」

　　[★]

• ct.

• (やや古い)(人・事・物)を(間違って)(～と)混同する(confuse)(with,and)
• (物・事が)(人)を当惑させる(puzzle)。(be ～ed)(物・事に/～ということに)まごつく、うろたえる、泡を食う(at,by,that節)
• ～を打ち負かす。～を妨げる
• ～に反駁する、反論させる
• ～に恥をかかせる、赤面させる
• ～を悪化させる
• (予想などに)反する

関

confuse、confusion、derange、derangement、disarray、disorganized、disorient、disrupt、disruption、embarrass、embarrassment、perplexity、perturbation、upset

　

「disrupt」

　　[★]

• v.

• 破壊する、分裂させる、混乱させる、乱す

関

abolish、break、confound、confuse、confusion、derange、derangement、destroy、destruction、disarray、dismantle、disorganized、disorient、disruptant、disruption、divide、division、fission、fragmentation、lesion、perturb、perturbation、rupture、split、subversion、subvert、upset

　 　

「perturbation」

　　[★]

• n.

• 心の動揺、狼狽、不安、心配。不安/心配の原因。(天・理)摂動

関

agitate, confound, confuse, confusion, deflection, derange, derangement, disarray, disorganized, disorient, disrupt, disruption, disturbance, perturb, perturbate, surge, swing, unbalance, upset

　 　 　 　

「upset」

　　[★]

• v.

• (過去-過去分詞も同形)転覆させる、混乱させる

• n.

• 不調、転覆

関

confound、confuse、confusion、derange、derangement、disarray、disorganized、disorient、disrupt、disruption、out of、perturbation、sickness

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「derange」

　　[★]

• vt.

• 混乱させる

• 由来

• フランス語：deranger, 古フランス語 desrengier 'move from orderly rows'

関

(n.)derangement

関

confound、confuse、confusion、derangement、disarray、disorganized、disorient、disrupt、disruption、perturbation、upset

　

「confused patients」

　　[★] 混乱した患者

関

confused