- 同
- zimovudine/lamivudine
- 同
- zimovudine/lamivudine
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/04/27 08:50:48」(JST)
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Lamivudine/zidovudine
Combination of |
Lamivudine |
Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
Zidovudine |
Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
Clinical data |
MedlinePlus |
a601066 |
Pregnancy
category
|
- US: C (Risk not ruled out)
|
Legal status
|
- UK: Prescription-only (POM)
- US: ℞-only
|
Routes of
administration
|
Oral |
Identifiers |
ATC code
|
J05AR01 |
PubChem |
CID 160352 |
ChemSpider |
21106283 Y |
NIAID ChemDB |
031479 |
Y (what is this?) (verify) |
Lamivudine/zidovudine (INNs, trade name Combivir) is a pharmaceutical treatment for HIV infection. It is a fixed dose combination of two antiretroviral drugs, lamivudine (also called 3TC, with the brand name Epivir) and zidovudine (also called AZT, with the brand name Retrovir). The drug is a part of the class of medicines called Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs).[1] Combining of the two drugs has a stronger and more sustained effect than using either drug alone, and assists in reducing pill burden and in aiding compliance with the antiretroviral drug therapy.
Both lamivudine and zidovudine are reverse transcriptase inhibitors, which block the action of an enzyme, reverse transcriptase, that the virus requires for reproduction. It reduces the viral load in the body and raises CD4 cell count.
It was approved for use in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration on September 26, 1997, making it the thirteenth approved antiretroviral. It is marketed by ViiV Healthcare.
References
- ^ [1]
External links
- Combivir website operated by GlaxoSmithKline
Antiviral drugs: antiretroviral drugs used against HIV (primarily J05)
|
|
Entry/fusion inhibitors
(Discovery and development) |
- gp41 (Enfuvirtide (ENF, T-20))
- CCR5 (Maraviroc (MVC)
- Vicriviroc†, Cenicriviroc†, PRO 140†)
- CD4 (Ibalizumab†)
- gp120 (Fostemsavir†)
|
|
Reverse-transcriptase
inhibitors (RTIs) |
Nucleoside and
nucleotide (NRTI) |
- Nucleoside analogues/NARTIs: Abacavir (ABC)°#
- Emtricitabine (FTC)°#
- Lamivudine (3TC)°#
- Didanosine (ddI)#
- Zidovudine (AZT, ZDV)#
- Apricitabine†
- Stampidine†
- Elvucitabine†
- Racivir†
- Amdoxovir†
- Stavudine (d4T)#
- Zalcitabine (ddC)◊
- Festinavir†
- Nucleotide analogues/NtRTIs: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)°#
- Tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF)†
|
|
Non-nucleoside (NNRTI)
(Discovery and development) |
- (1st generation) Efavirenz (EFV)°#
- Nevirapine (NVP)#
- Delavirdine (DLV)◊
(2nd generation) diarylpyrimidines (Etravirine (ETR)
- Rilpivirine (RPV)°)
- Doravirine
|
|
|
Integrase inhibitors |
- Raltegravir (RAL)°
- Elvitegravir (EVG)°
- Dolutegravir (DTG)°
- Globoidnan A (experimental)
- MK-2048†
- BI 224436†
- Cabotegravir†
|
|
Maturation inhibitors |
|
|
Protease Inhibitors (PI)
(Discovery and development) |
1st generation |
- Fosamprenavir (FPV)
- Lopinavir (LPV)°#
- Nelfinavir (NFV)#
- Ritonavir (RTV)#
- Saquinavir (SQV)#
- Amprenavir (APV)◊
- Indinavir (IDV)◊#
- Telinavir
- Droxinavir
|
|
2nd generation |
- Atazanavir (ATV)°
- Darunavir (DRV)°
- Tipranavir (TPV)
|
|
|
Combined formulations |
- Lamivudine/zidovudine
- Lopinavir/ritonavir°
- Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine
- Abacavir/lamivudine°
- Tenofovir/emtricitabine°
- Emtricitabine/tenofovir/efavirenz°
- Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir°
- Elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir°
- Abacavir/dolutegravir/lamivudine°
- Atazanavir/cobicistat
- Darunavir/cobicistat
- Lamivudine/raltegravir
|
|
Boosters |
- Ritonavir (r)
- Cobicistat (cobi)
|
|
Experimental agents |
Uncoating inhibitors |
|
|
Transcription inhibitors |
|
|
Translation inhibitors |
|
|
Other |
- Abzyme
- Calanolide A
- Ceragenin
- Cyanovirin-N
- Diarylpyrimidines
- Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)
- Foscarnet
- Griffithsin
- Hydroxycarbamide
- Miltefosine
- Portmanteau inhibitors
- Scytovirin
- Seliciclib†
- Synergistic enhancers
- Tre recombinase
- Zinc finger protein transcription factor
- KP-1461†
- BIT225†
|
|
Failed agents |
- Aplaviroc
- Atevirdine
- Brecanavir
- Capravirine
- Dexelvucitabine
- Emivirine
- Lersivirine
- Lodenosine
- Loviride
|
|
|
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
°DHHS recommended initial regimen options. ◊Formerly or rarely used agent.
Index of viral disease
|
|
Description |
|
|
Disease |
- Systemic
- Cutaneous
- Zoster
- Human papillomavirus
- Zoonotic
- Symptoms and signs
|
|
Treatment |
|
|
|
GlaxoSmithKline
|
|
Subsidiaries |
- GlaxoSmithKline Pakistan
- GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd
- Stiefel Laboratories
- ViiV Healthcare (85%)
|
|
Predecessors and fully
integrated acquisitions |
- Allen & Hanburys
- Beecham Group
- Block Drug
- Burroughs Wellcome
- Glaxo
- Glaxo Wellcome
- Human Genome Sciences
- Recherche et Industrie Thérapeutiques
- SmithKline Beecham
- Smith, Kline & French
|
|
Products
(List) |
Current
|
Pharmaceuticals
|
- Advair
- Albenza
- Alli
- Amerge
- Amoxil
- Arixtra
- Arranon/Atriance
- Augmentin
- Avamys/Veramyst
- Avandia
- Avodart
- AZT1
- Beconase
- Boniva
- Ceftin/Supacef
- Combivir1
- Coreg
- Dexedrine
- Dyazide
- Epivir/Epivir-HBV/Heptovir/Zeffix1
- Flixonase
- Hycamtin
- Imitrex/Treximet
- Jalyn/Combodart/Duodart
- Lamictal
- Lanoxin
- Levitra2
- Lovaza/Omacor
- Parnate
- Paxil/Seroxat/Aropax
- Promacta/Revolade
- Relenza
- Requip
- Rescriptor1
- Serlipet
- Tagamet
- Treximet
- Trizivir1
- Tykerb/Tyverb
- Valtrex/Zelitrex
- Ventolin HFA
- Viracept1
- Wellbutrin
- Zantac
- Ziagen1
- Zofran
- Zovirax
|
|
Vaccines
|
- Hepatyrix
- Pandemrix
- Twinrix
|
|
Other
|
- Aquafresh
- Boost
- Eno
- Horlicks
- Maxinutrition
- Nicoderm
- Nicorette
- NiQuitin
- Panadol
- Panadol night
- Poligrip
- Ralgex
- Sensodyne
- Solpadeine
- Synthol
- Tums
|
|
|
Former
|
- BC Powder
- Geritol
- Goody's Powder
- Lucozade
- Ribena
|
|
|
People |
Current directors
|
- Chris Gent
- Andrew Witty
- Roy Anderson
- Stephanie Burns
- Stacey Cartwright
- Lawrence Culp
- Crispin Davis
- Simon Dingemans
- Judy Lewent
- Deryck Maughan
- James Murdoch
- Daniel Podolsky
- Moncef Slaoui
- Tom de Swaan
- Robert Wilson
|
|
Other
|
- Thomas Beecham
- Silas M. Burroughs
- Mahlon Kline
- John K. Smith
- Henry Wellcome
|
|
|
Other |
- Canada v. GlaxoSmithKline Inc.
- GlaxoSmithKline Prize
- Side Effects
- United States v. GlaxoSmithKline
|
|
- 1Products of ViiV Healthcare 2Co-marketed with Bayer Pharmaceuticals
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Which Clinician Questions Elicit Accurate Disclosure of Antiretroviral Non-adherence When Talking to Patients?
- Callon W1, Saha S2,3, Korthuis PT3, Wilson IB4, Moore RD5, Cohn J6, Beach MC5.
- AIDS and behavior.AIDS Behav.2015 Oct 26. [Epub ahead of print]
- This study evaluated how clinicians assess antiretroviral (ARV) adherence in clinical encounters, and which questions elicit accurate responses. We conducted conversation analysis of audio-recorded encounters between 34 providers and 58 patients reporting ARV non-adherence in post-encounter intervie
- PMID 26499336
- Emergence of HIV-1 drug-resistant variants in women following antiretroviral prophylaxis for the prevention of mother to child transmission.
- Mani M, Ramalingam VV, Lionel J, Christina SA, Sachithanandham J, Peedicayil A, Kannangai R1.
- Indian journal of medical microbiology.Indian J Med Microbiol.2015 Apr-Jun;33(2):225-30. doi: 10.4103/0255-0857.154860.
- PURPOSE: Emergence of drug resistance following HIV prophylaxis has an important impact on ART program.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the emergence of drug resistance in HIV-1 infected pregnant women.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-three HIV-1 infected pregnant women who had received 4-12 weeks of antenatal
- PMID 25865972
- Impact of combination antiretroviral therapy in the NOD.c3c4 mouse model of autoimmune biliary disease.
- Sharon D1, Chen M, Zhang G, Girgis S, Sis B, Graham D, McDougall C, Wasilenko ST, Montano-Loza A, Mason AL.
- Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver.Liver Int.2015 Apr;35(4):1442-50. doi: 10.1111/liv.12699. Epub 2014 Oct 31.
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: The NOD.c3c4 mouse model develops autoimmune biliary disease characterized by spontaneous granulomatous cholangitis, antimitochondrial antibodies and liver failure. This model for primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) has evidence of biliary infection with mouse mammary tumour virus
- PMID 25302564
Japanese Journal
- HAARTによる高脂血症にフェノフィブラートが著効した1例
- 三浦 琢磨,矢島 悟子,小池 順子 [他],飯沼 裕子,関沢 真人,葛西 俊二
- 日本エイズ学会誌 = The journal of AIDS research 9(2), 147-152, 2007-05-20
- … Combivir (R) により高脂血症を呈し, フェノフィブラートが著効した症例を報告する.<BR>症例: 28歳男性が, 急性虫垂炎で入院となった. … ジドブジン, ラミブジンの合剤であるCombivir®とエファビレンツ (以下EFV) を開始後, HIVRNAは測定限界以下となり, CD4数も増加した. …
- NAID 10026900677
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